King Edward Medical University (KEMU) (کنگ ایڈورڈ میڈیکل یونیورسٹی) is a public medical university located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Founded in 1860, the university is named after King Edward VII.Established by the British Raj, named as Lahore Medical School. In 1868, the University of Dublin granted students of the Lahore Medical School ”privilege similar to the granted to students from English schools”. In 1871, the university added Mayo Hospital as an affiliated hospital, replacing the existing Anarkali Dispensary. The same year the college became an affiliate of University of the Punjab, while in 1887, the university added Lady Aitchison Hospital as a second teaching hospital.After Pakistan's independence, the university became the only medical college in the province and in 2005 became a charter to award degrees in its own right. It has since gone through expansion, and oversees seven tertiary referral hospitals including the Lady Willingdon Hospital.In 2015, HEC published the 5th ranking of Pakistani Higher Education Institutions. KEMU is ranked 6th amongst the medical universities of Pakistan by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.
Asthma remains a major health challenge affecting over 300 million people worldwide, with severe, steroid-resistant phenotypes affecting 5–10
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most common and lethal primary central nervous system tumor, with a median survival of only 14.6 months under standard care. The tumor’s characteristic "Warburg effect"—a dependency on aerobic glycolysis for energy—creates a metabolic vulnerability. This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of the ketogenic diet (KD) as an adjunctive metabolic therapy aimed at exploiting this glucose dependency. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review updates clinical evidence by synthesizing data from databases from 2000 to September 2025. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of science for human studies assessing the ketogenic diet (KD) in glioblastoma and high-grade gliomas. Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), feasibility, and adverse events. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Prospero registration: CRD420251232650. Forty-one studies were included, ranging from randomized trials to case series and abstracts, utilizing interventions such as the classic 4:1 ketogenic diet, Modified Atkins Diet, and calorie restriction. Adherence was high (> 75
Endovascular options for infrapopliteal artery disease include plain balloon angioplasty (PTA), drug‑coated balloons (DCB), drug‑eluting and bare‑metal stents (DES), and atherectomy. Retrievable scaffold therapy (RST) has recently emerged as a temporary scaffolding strategy used with DCB, but its comparative effectiveness remains uncertain. A comprehensive literature search identified 21 randomized and 4 single‑arm trials (n = 3184). Eligible studies reported at least one prespecified outcome: 30‑day major adverse events (MAE), 12‑month all‑cause mortality, 6‑month clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD‑TLR), or 6‑month major amputation. Random‑effects models generated odds ratios (ORs) with 95
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibition has emerged as an effective lipid-lowering strategy, particularly for patients with hypercholesterolemia not adequately managed with statins. Ongericimab is a novel monoclonal antibody targeting PCSK9. In this meta-analysis, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ongericimab in Chinese patients with hypercholesterolemia. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to November 2025, to identify studies assessing the lipid-lowering effects of ongericimab. Effect estimates and 95
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most contagious viral infections affecting livestock, including cattle, water buffalo, pigs, sheep, goats, and African buffalo. Caused by the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), it continues to impose a significant economic burden, with annual losses estimated at up to 21 billion U.S. dollars. This review examines the worldwide epidemiology and control of FMD through a One Health approach, emphasizing the interconnectedness of animal, human, and environmental health. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy for preventing and controlling FMD in both endemic and non-endemic regions, particularly when vaccines are well-matched to circulating strains. However, silent circulation of FMDV, where animals carry and shed the virus without showing clinical signs, presents a critical challenge to eradication efforts. Mucosal immunity emerges as a key component of protection, serving as the first line of defense at the virus’s point of entry and playing a vital role in blocking transmission. Equally important is the establishment of robust and systematic surveillance systems capable of detecting asymptomatic FMDV infections, which are essential for identifying hidden reservoirs and preventing undetected spread. Effectively combating FMD requires coordinated efforts that go beyond vaccine development alone. Success depends on integrated surveillance networks, strict quarantine and movement restriction policies, reliable diagnostic infrastructure, and the implementation of One Health frameworks that bring together veterinary services, agricultural authorities, and public health sectors. Together, these strategies bridge the gap between disease control and ultimate eradication.
