PurposeThis study aims to examine how digital transformation leadership enhances business performance through digital transformation capability. It extends transformational leadership theory to the digital era by investigating key mechanisms that drive performance in the retail banking sector. Design/methodology/approachA moderated mediation model is proposed to examine the direct and indirect effects of digital transformation leadership on performance via digital transformation capability. Primary data were collected through a web-based survey of retail banks and credit unions in Canada, and the model was empirically tested using Hayes' PROCESS analysis with bootstrapping analysis. FindingsThe results indicate that digital transformation leadership indirectly improves performance by strengthening digital transformation capability. However, this indirect effect varies across different levels of digital transformation leadership – being positive and significant at low and moderate levels but diminishing at higher levels. These findings reveal a threshold condition that delineates the limits of leadership effectiveness and underscores the potential dark side of excessive leadership in the digital age. Practical implicationsThis study offers actionable insights for practitioners, regulators, policymakers and educators seeking to lead digital transformation responsibly and effectively. It underscores that digital transformation leadership matters most when balanced with strong internal capability development. Excessive or overly dominant leadership could suppress innovation and ultimately limit performance gains. Recognizing the dark side of over-reliance on digital leaders, organizations should pursue a balanced approach between proactive leadership and intrinsic capability development. Policymakers, regulators and educators should likewise promote governance frameworks and leadership development programs that foster responsible, transparent and sustainable digital transformation leadership. Originality/valueThis study contributes to the leadership literature by empirically defining, measuring and testing a new construct – digital transformation leadership. It advances to transformational leadership theory by identifying a moderated mediation mechanism that explains how and under what conditions digital transformation leadership enhances performance while also revealing its potential dark side as a boundary condition for leadership effectiveness in the digital age.
Preventing child sexual abuse perpetration has received growing attention, yet little research has focused on abuse occurring within families. This gap persists despite evidence that intrafamilial child sexual abuse accounts for a substantial proportion of cases and involves unique risk contexts, such as increased access to children. To address this, we examined risk characteristics among community-based men at elevated risk of committing contact sexual offences against children they parent. Using an online survey, we recruited a sample of 86 fathers and stepfathers through social media and a self-help website. Participants were eligible if they reported past or current sexual thoughts or feelings toward their child(ren). We examined factors associated with participants' self-reported likelihood of engaging in sexual contact with their child (proclivity). Mean proclivity was 72.9% and was associated with sexual entitlement beliefs and family practices involving nudity, co-sleeping and shared bathing. Coping strategies and deterrence factors were also assessed.PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENTFindings highlight treatment targets including risk-relevant family practices that are not addressed in existing perpetration prevention programmes. Addressing these factors in future interventions may strengthen secondary prevention efforts for intrafamilial child sexual abuse.
During the recent outbreak in western Canada, mountain pine beetle (MPB) Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its associated fungi expanded their geographic and host ranges to include jack pine, Pinus banksiana Linnaeus (Pinaceae), in the boreal forest. While previous research indicates that MPB and its symbiotic fungi can infest and induce chemical host defences in jack pine, it is uncertain how jack pine defences will impact MPB-associated fungi, particularly under novel climatic conditions. We investigated the growth response of the three known MPB fungal symbionts (Grosmannia clavigera (Robinson-Jeffrey and Davidson), Ophiostoma montium (Rumford) and Leptographium longiclavatum (Lee, Kim and Breuril)) in media amended with constitutive and fungal symbiont-induced jack pine monoterpene profiles from jack pine at three temperatures (18, 23 and 30 degrees C). While the impact of host monoterpene defence profile on fungal growth only marginally varied between temperatures there were significant effects of temperature on optimal growth of fungal species. Fungal growth was facilitated by host monoterpene profiles induced by other species of MPB-associated fungi, suggesting indirect host-mediated interspecific interactions between MPB fungal symbionts that may assist in maintaining redundant symbioses. Since the species forming the community of symbiotic fungi have different requirements regarding both optimal temperature ranges and host monoterpene composition, the ongoing climate change may alter the suitability of jack pine as a host, potentially impacting the establishment of MPB populations in these forests.
This study aims to explore the influence of a competitive work environment on employees' openness to knowledge-sharing. It specifically examines the mediating role of co-workers' desire to learn and the moderating role of job security on knowledge-sharing behaviour. A conceptual model is developed based on existing literature drawing on social relations theory to analyse these relationships. Data were collected from 237 employees across eight banks and analysed using structural equation modelling. The study finds that co-worker desire to learn fully mediates the relationship between competitive work environment and openness to knowledge sharing. Additionally, the results indicate that incentives for knowledge sharing moderate this relationship. These results provide insight for organisations aiming to develop a culture of knowledge sharing in a highly competitive environment and lay a foundation for exploring further moderators and mediators.
Extant literature indicates that police misconduct is a byproduct of systemic deficiencies which are best addressed at a structural level. Conversely, most reformative strategies have narrowly focused on individual-level police and police organizations as targets of change to address misconduct. However, external influences such as police unions have largely been overlooked as targets of change in existing accountability structures. This paper addresses the influence of external agencies in institutional reform strategies following the professionalization of the police in North America. By examining contractual relations in collective bargaining agreements, the limitations in current reformative strategies on organizational, individual, and legal levels will be addressed to elucidate the role that police unions can play in bringing about police reform.
