Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MCOMS) is a private medical college at Pokhara, Nepal. It is associated with Manipal Teaching Hospital, and enrols about 100 students each year for the MBBS medical qualification.
Thyroid hormone abnormalities are among the most common endocrine dysfunctions in the Nepalese population. Iodine is essential for normal thyroid function, and both iodine deficiency and excess can lead to thyroid dysfunction. Geographic and environmental factors may influence the incidence of thyroid dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the pattern of thyroid dysfunction in patients attending a multidisciplinary tertiary care hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Biochemistry at KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital among patients attending the endocrinology department from April 2021 to April 2024. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of the KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital (reference number: 2079/80/31). Sociodemographic data and thyroid function test results were collected from the electronic medical records of all the participants. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Services version 17.0. Among 13,115 individuals, 2512 (19.16
Background:The Bangladesh government took an important step towards preventing cervical cancer by initiating a widespread HPV vaccination campaign directed at girls aged 10 to 14. The campaign aims to reach 10 million girls in three phases. Assessing knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer and willingness to get vaccinated is essential for government success. Objective:This study examines Bangladeshi girls' knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV), cervical cancer, and their willingness to receive the HPV vaccine, providing information needed to improve vaccination strategies and programs. Methods:We used a communitybased cross-sectional survey of 416 girls aged 10 to 15 years to assess their knowledge of cervical cancer, vaccination against HPV, and factors influencing their willingness to vaccinate. Parental consent was obtained from all participants before data collection, ensuring ethical compliance for the study. Logistic regression models and descriptive statistics were used to find significant predictors of vaccine uptake. Results:The study's findings highlighted that awareness levels regarding cervical cancer and HPV vaccination were low among Bangladeshi girls. Among participants, only 23% identified HPV as the primary cause of cervical cancer. Overall, 45% of the girls expressed a willingness to receive the HPV vaccine. This willingness was significantly associated with discussions with their mothers (aOR = 6.64, 95% CI: 2.65-22.3, p < 0.001) and living in urban areas (aOR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.32, p < 0.001). Participants who had heard about the HPV vaccination had 2.28 times the odds of being willing to receive the HPV vaccine (aOR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.27-4.29, p = 0.007). Conclusion:Despite moderate willingness to vaccinate, substantial knowledge gaps remain among Bangladeshi girls. This study highlights the necessity for comprehensive education and awareness programs. These conversations with mothers and healthcare providers can significantly increase vaccine acceptance, emphasizing the critical role of targeted communication in the success of vaccination campaigns.
ABSTRACT Background Patients with stage I–III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can have very different outcomes, even when they have the same anatomic stage. This suggests that tumor biology plays an important role in prognosis. Fraction genome altered (FGA) is a measure of chromosomal instability that can be calculated from routine targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) already used in clinical care. We evaluated whether FGA is associated with survival in early‐stage NSCLC and whether it adds information beyond standard clinical factors and tumor mutation burden (TMB). Methods We studied 7722 patients with NSCLC who underwent clinical‐grade targeted NGS with available copy‐number data. FGA was calculated from copy‐number profiles and analyzed by quartiles and as high (top quartile) versus low (lower three quartiles). Overall survival (OS) was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking history, histology, disease stage, sequencing panel, and TMB. Results Higher FGA was associated with worse OS in stage I–III NSCLC. Five‐year OS declined from 65.6% in the lowest FGA quartile to 39.6% in the highest. Patients with high FGA had significantly poorer survival compared with those with low FGA ( p < 0.001). After adjustment for clinical factors, high FGA remained independently associated with mortality, whereas TMB did not. Conclusions Chromosomal instability measured by FGA is associated with survival in stage I–III NSCLC and provides useful prognostic information beyond standard clinical features and TMB. FGA may help identify early‐stage patients at higher risk who could benefit from closer follow‐up or clinical trials.
Introduction: The use of peroneus longus tendon in ACL reconstruction has been increasing in the last few years because of its adequate length and less donor site morbidity. This study aims to evaluate ankle and foot functions after peroneus longus tendon harvesting in ACL reconstruction. Methods: This is hospital based cross-sectional observational study which include 98 patients with age group 18-54 years with ACL reconstruction with peroneus longus tendon at least twelve months completed prior to study operated between January 2022 to October 2024 at UCMS who meets inclusion criteria and final outcome is measured by AOFAS scoring system, VAS score and ankle ROM. Results: The mean age of patients was 34.31±9.33 years (range, 18-54 years), with a female predominance (60.20%). Most of them were office workers (42.85%), and the most common mechanism was RTA (55.1%), followed by sports injuries (33.67%). The AOFAS score in the normal ankle was 96.55 ± 1.07, and in the operated side was 95.40 ± 1.17, which was not statistically significant (P>0.05) up to 17.19 months. The mean ankle dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, eversion, and inversion of the normal side were 17.28,45.76,16.66 and 33.47 degrees, respectively. Likewise, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, eversion and inversion on the operated side were 17.18,45.22,16.44 and 33.36 degrees, respectively. In range of motion, only eversion was statistically significant (P=0.013). Conclusion: The study concludes that peroneus longus harvesting has no major functional impairment in ankle or foot function.
Pinna perichondritis is a potentially deforming auricular infection that poses treatment challenges in low-resource settings, particularly where auricular trauma and trans-cartilaginous piercing are common. The aim of this study was to establish clinico-epidemiological data on pinna perichondritis, including its hospital-based incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in patients presenting to a tertiary-level referral hospital in Nepal. This was a retrospective observational study conducted by reviewing charts of 55 patients admitted with confirmed pinna perichondritis between May 2016 and May 2020 where those with incomplete records were excluded. Exposures assessed included auricular trauma, piercing, otologic surgery, allergic skin reactions, or community-level antibiotic use. Hospital management included intravenous antibiotics, surgical intervention when indicated, and supportive therapies. Main outcome measures were clinical presentation, predisposing factors, type and duration of antibiotic therapy, need for surgery, length of hospital stay, and outcomes including residual pinna deformity at discharge. Mean age was 32.6 ± 19.6 years; 63.6
