Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) analysis from two-dimensional (2D) clinical imaging is hindered by uncontrolled slice tilt and geometric inconsistencies that violate the assumptions of pose-agnostic deep learning (DL) models. This paper proposes a unified geometry-aware, frequency-domain framework for tilted slice localization and ischemic stroke segmentation that explicitly decouples pose estimation from lesion analysis. The method first recovers the full six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) rigid pose of arbitrarily tilted slices using frequency-domain slice-to-volume registration, converting a geometrically ill-posed segmentation problem into an anatomically normalized one. Building on this normalization, a frequency-domain segmentation network is introduced that exploits Hermitian symmetry and discriminative spectral bands to enhance sensitivity to ischemic tissue, complemented by a teacher–student knowledge distillation (KD) strategy to improve generalization. Extensive experiments on four public benchmark datasets across multiple imaging modalities demonstrate consistent state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance under controlled geometric variability, with notable improvements on the clinically critical core–penumbra segmentation task and preliminary evidence of robustness to certain domain shifts. The results confirm that explicit geometric modeling combined with spectral-domain analysis provides a robust foundation for medical image segmentation under controlled geometric variability.
In this study, a novel CoZnAl-LDH coating was synthesized in-situ on anodized aluminum through a hydrothermal method without introducing trivalent metal salts. Subsequently, a vanadate-intercalated LDH-VS coating was fabricated via ion exchange and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) self-assembly, which integrated longterm corrosion resistance, friction reduction, and superhydrophobicity into a single coating. The morphology and structure of the coatings were investigated using SEM, EDS, XRD, FT-IR, and XPS. The coating performance was evaluated through scratch tests, contact angle, electrochemical, and friction wear tests. The results demonstrated that the contact angle of the LDH-VS increased from 26 degrees to 154 degrees and remained above 120 degrees even after prolonged immersion, exhibiting outstanding self-cleaning and antifouling properties. After 28 days of immersion in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution, the corrosion current density of LDH-VS decreased by four orders of magnitude to 8.09 x 10(-9) A.cm(- 2) compared to bare aluminum alloy and the microstructure remained intact, indicating excellent long-term corrosion resistance. Friction tests confirmed the superior friction reduction of the modified coating, with the average friction coefficient of LDH-VS decreasing to 0.28, significantly lower than that of the aluminum alloy. Scratch tests also verified the coating's excellent adhesion strength. This study provides new insights into the development and application of LDH in superhydrophobicity, long-term corrosion protection, and wear resistance.
The widespread use of carbamazepine (CBZ) as an anticonvulsant poses common side effects, health risks, and significant environmental concerns, necessitating the development of sensitive and efficient detection platforms. While metal oxide nanomaterials are known, the potential of beryllium, magnesium, and calcium oxide nanoclusters (Be12O12, Mg12O12, and Ca12O12) as electrochemical sensors for CBZ remains unexplored. This study presents the first comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) investigation into these nanoclusters for this purpose. Thermodynamic analyses confirmed spontaneous and exothermic adsorption processes across all nanoclusters. While Ca12O12 exhibited the strongest adsorption energy (−49.71 kcal mol−1), the Be12O12 nanocluster demonstrated superior sensing characteristics. It showed the most significant change in the energy gap (
An intimately mixed hydroxyapatite/cobalt tungstate (HA/CoWO4) nanocomposite was prepared via a sol–gel-assisted mixing and thermal treatment approach and systematically evaluated as a multifunctional electrode for high-performance supercapacitors. Comprehensive structural [x-ray diffraction (XRD)], vibrational [Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR)], surface chemical [x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)], and morphological [field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)/energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX)] characterizations verified the coexistence of stoichiometric hexagonal HA and monoclinic CoWO4 phases with intimate interparticle contact and evidence of interfacial interaction inferred from XPS and morphology analyses. The presence of mixed Co2+/Co3+ valence states and hydroxylated oxygen species contributes to rapid and reversible redox transitions, enhancing interfacial charge mobility. Electrochemical evaluations in a symmetric two-electrode configuration using 6 M KOH electrolyte revealed pronounced pseudocapacitive behavior with contributions from both surface-controlled faradaic reactions and diffusion-regulated processes. The HA/CoWO4 electrode delivered a specific capacitance of 319.29 F g−1 and an energy density of 15.96 Wh kg−1 at 0.5 A g−1, outperforming pristine HA and CoWO4. Nyquist analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in both equivalent series resistance (RESR = 3.23 Ω) and charge-transfer resistance (Rct = 10.33 Ω), confirming superior ionic diffusion and electronic conductivity. Furthermore, the device retained 90.88
The study was performed on 08Cr18Ni10Ti corrosion-resistant steel with a two-phase ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure formed by rotary forging (RF) at room temperature. Bars with a diameter of 6 mm exhibit high tensile strength and a non-uniform hardness distribution across the bar cross-section. The influence of annealing temperature on the microstructure parameters and mechanical properties of UFG steel was determined. It was shown that TiC particles form in the annealing temperature range of 450–550°C, the reverse transformation of martensite into austenite occurs in the range of 550–650°C, and recrystallization processes begin at annealing temperatures above 700°C. Fatigue tests on smooth cylindrical specimens using the “bending with rotation” scheme were performed at room temperature, at a frequency of 50 Hz. Fractographic analysis of fractures was performed using scanning electron microscopy. The fatigue curves were analyzed using the Basquin power equation: σa = AN–k. It was shown that RF and annealing lead to a decrease in the coefficient A in the Basquin equation. It was found that coarse-grained and UFG steels have the same fatigue limit: the physical fatigue limit based on 107 cycles is 500–550 MPa, and the conditional fatigue limit, calculated using the Basquin equation, is σ–1 = 150–155 MPa based on 108 cycles. It is shown that the dependence of σ–1 on the annealing temperature of UFG steel is non-monotonic with a maximum. Fatigue test results were analyzed using a model of plastic deformation at the crack tip.
