西北民族大学（Northwest Minzu University），简称“西北民大”，位于甘肃兰州，是直属国家民族事务委员会的中央部属高校，由国家民族事务委员会、教育部、中国科学院和甘肃省人民政府共建，是中华人民共和国成立后创建的第一所民族高等院校。为少数民族骨干计划、国家首批卓越农林人才教育培养计划改革试点高校、甘肃省高水平大学建设单位，CDIO工程教育联盟成员单位、联合国教科文组织中国创业教育联盟理事单位 。 学校肇始于1949年9月中国人民解放军第一野战军在兰州开办的藏民问题研究班和藏民学校。1950年1月，改建为西北人民革命大学兰州分校第三部。1950年8月，正式成立西北民族学院。2003年4月，西北民族学院更名为西北民族大学。 截至2019年3月，学校建有两个校区，校园总面积1776亩，其中西北新村校区359亩，榆中校区1417亩，图书资料400万余册（含电子图书），博物馆馆藏文物2964件，教学科研仪器设备总值约4.7亿元；设有28个教学单位，有71个本科专业；有教职工1914人，全日制在校生26544人，其中本科生24258人，硕士、博士研究生1795人。
Severe fretting wear significantly restricts the reliable use of steel/zirconium (Zr) contact pairs in nuclear engineering. The present paper reports the evaluation of PAO10, the imidazolium-based ionic liquid C6NTf2, and the phosphorus-sulfur functionalized ionic liquid TODP-DBdtp as neat lubricants of steel/Zr contacts at 25 and 100°C. Both ionic liquids led to significantly lower friction coefficient and wear volumes compared to PAO10 at both temperatures, with C6NTf2 being the most effective in terms of overall tribology, especially at 100℃. Characterization of the surfaces showed that the ionic liquids had protective tribofilms made up of physically adsorbed species and tribochemical reaction products. C6NTf2 created a compact tribofilm having excellent load-bearing capabilities, whereas the most common product of TODP-DBdtp was a phosphorus-rich tribofilm that efficiently minimized friction but offered a comparatively low level of wear resistance. Additional molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the adsorption power on ZrO2 surface was in the sequence of C6NTf2 > TODP-DBdtp > PAO10, which means that the higher interfacial adsorption of C6NTf2 facilitates the development of a stable boundary film. Experimental and simulation findings together indicate the temperature dependent lubricating behavior of ionic liquids and show that they have great potential as improved lubricants of zirconium alloy parts working in extreme conditions of fretting.
Neuropathic pain (NP) remains a therapeutic challenge due to the limited efficacy of conventional pharmacotherapies. This review aims to systematically consolidate the pathogenic role of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in NP and to evaluate emerging translational strategies targeting this channel, including natural compounds, selective antagonists, drug repurposing, cell-based therapies, and neuromodulation. Recent studies indicate that P2X7R is highly expressed in the spinal cord or dorsal root ganglia across multiple preclinical models of neuropathic pain, including peripheral nerve injury, diabetic neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, and postherpetic neuralgia, underscoring its pivotal role in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. In preclinical studies, targeting P2X7R with agents such as Brilliant Blue G, A-438079, botulinum toxin A, mesenchymal stem cell-derived secretomes, and high-frequency spinal cord stimulation produces marked, P2X7R-dependent analgesic effects. P2X7R stands out as a promising therapeutic target for neuropathic pain. Future priorities should focus on optimizing P2X7R-targeted pharmacodynamics, developing CNS-penetrant oral antagonists, and exploring combination strategies to maximize analgesic outcomes in NP patients.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease influenced by host–microbiota interactions beyond traditional risk factors. Microbial communities in the oral cavity, gut, and blood contribute to vascular dysfunction through metabolic and immune mechanisms, yet an integrated perspective across these compartments remains lacking. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the distinct and interconnected roles of oral, gut, and blood microbiotas in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. We critically evaluate key microbial metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and secondary bile acids, and their mechanisms of host metabolic and immune modulation. We also examine cross-compartment interactions, emerging multi-omics approaches, and the translational potential of microbiota-targeted interventions. Oral pathogens promote systemic inflammation and endothelial activation. Gut-derived metabolites such as TMAO exacerbate foam cell formation and impair reverse cholesterol transport, whereas SCFAs exert protective effects via immune modulation and gut barrier maintenance. Emerging evidence suggests that blood microbial components contribute to vascular inflammation, though methodological challenges remain. Multi-omics integration (metagenomics, metabolomics, host genomics) reveals interconnected metabolic networks linking microbial activity to atherosclerosis. Microbiota-targeted strategies, including dietary modulation, TMA lyase inhibitors, and probiotics, show promise for risk stratification and therapeutic intervention. The human microbiota regulates atherosclerosis through immunometabolic metabolites, offering promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, clinical translation requires addressing interindividual variability, establishing causality, and standardizing methodologies. This review provides an integrated framework for leveraging microbiota–host interactions in precision cardiovascular medicine. Oral, gut, and blood microbiotas form an interconnected ecosystem that collectively contributes to atherosclerosis pathogenesis through niche-specific microbial communities and bidirectional cross-compartment signaling. Microbial metabolites, including TMAO, SCFAs, and secondary bile acids, serve as critical mediators linking microbial activity to host lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and endothelial dysfunction. Multi-omics integration (metagenomics, metabolomics, and host genomics) enables mechanistic insights into microbiota–host interactions and facilitates the discovery of composite biomarkers for improved cardiovascular risk stratification. Microbiota-targeted interventions, such as dietary modulation, TMA lyase inhibitors, probiotics, and prebiotics, offer promising therapeutic strategies for restoring metabolic homeostasis and mitigating atherosclerosis progression. Translating microbiota research into clinical practice requires addressing key challenges, including establishing causality, standardizing methodologies across studies, and accounting for interindividual variability to enable personalized cardiovascular care.
In this work, polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) were processed into nanofibers using single-nozzle solution blending and dual-nozzle co-electrospinning. These different fabrication methods effected the structural, mechanical, and thermal properties of the nanofibers. Morphological analysis shows that by increasing the PBS content in the dual-nozzle system led to finer fibers due to electrostatic repulsion between the polymer jets. In comparison, solution blending produced thicker fibers because of increased viscosity and phase separation between the immiscible polymers. The dual-nozzle nanofibers exhibited superior thermal stability compared to the blended versions. Mechanical testing at the composition of 8
In this paper, the coordinate descent (CD) method integrated with k-means clustering is proposed to address the least-squares problem of the large-scale matrix equation AX = B, where the coefficient matrix A is assumed to be of full column rank. Rigorous theoretical analysis shows that the iteration sequence generated by this method converges to the unique least-norm least-squares solution of the problem. The performed numerical results demonstrate that the method developed here is feasible and efficient.
