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According to the International Labour Organization's latest figures, women make up just 16.8% of those working in transport globally. This makes it one of the worst-performing industries worldwide- both across the public and private sectors, from boardroom to engine room. Improving gender diversity in the transport sector workforce is essential to achieve its innovation, sustainability and financial goals, while tackling the current, and profound, skills shortage. This paper provides an insight into the challenges and opportunities women face when they choose to work in transport. It is grounded in a review of published literature and primary data collection among a sample of men and women working in the sector. The findings offer an overviewofwomen's global employment in transport, including all modes and sectors of transport. The study is presented as a toolkit highlighting the challenges women face when entering, working, and progressing in the transport sector, identifying five main areas or entry points where actions and measures could provide the most impact in accelerating gender balance and some 25 case studies. This paper presents the main findings from the study.
Shifting to healthy, sustainable transport modes is essential to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, improve air quality, and promote physical activity in European cities. To date, a major barrier to monitoring progress towards this objective has been the absence of harmonized passenger transport data across cities. This Perspective synthesizes the outcome of a workshop bringing together experts in urban transportation, climate change mitigation, and health with the aim to identify solutions to overcome this barrier. We identified four data streams that could improve monitoring shifts towards active and public transport at the European level: (i) surveys, (ii) mobile phone data, (iii) street view data and (iv) bicycle and pedestrian counters. We examined the strengths and limitations of each data source and mapped publicly available datasets. We identified few coordinated efforts to collect active travel data among European cities; data gaps remain a critical bottleneck for research, benchmarking, and monitoring progress. Priorities for addressing these gaps include survey harmonization and support for longitudinal monitoring, the expansion of street view data and bicycle counter networks and the sustainable development of open access data repositories.
To ensure cities’ livability, a significant modal shift from car use towards more sustainable modes of transportation, such as walking and cycling, is required. To establish such a modal shift, a better understanding is needed of the psychological components that affect people’s likelihood of shifting to active transport modes. To this end, a behavioural survey was conducted among more than 2000 respondents across nine European cities in four countries. Using factor and cluster analysis, two groups of respondents are identified that have common determinants of their variations in intentions to shift to active transport modes, i.e., a “pro-cycling” cluster (55.6% of the respondents) and a “non-pro-cycling” cluster (44.4%). The findings highlight the intrinsically different nature of walking and cycling as transport modes, underlining the importance of distinguishing walking and cycling policies. The main obstacle to cycle more frequently is perceived traffic safety. Therefore, the main priority should be the improvement of traffic safety. The most important obstacle hindering more frequent walking is time. Hence, reducing travel time, for instance, by creating shortcuts for pedestrians and denser and more diversified urban areas will be an important strategy. Future research could extend this research to cities in other countries and regions. By repeating the survey periodically, changes in people’s motivations and perceived barriers can be analysed over time.
Tujuan Penelitian Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pertanggungjawaban pelaku tindak pidana terhadap korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang di wilayah hukum Polda DIY Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana perdagangan orang Dalam hal ini penelitian digunakan beberapa metode penelitian sebagai sarana untuk memahami objek permasalahan. Metode yang digunakan adalah sebagai berikut: Sifat penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris. Yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pertanggungjawaban pelaku hukum pidana terhadap korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang di wilayah hukum Kepolisian Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini diharapkan diperoleh informasi, informasi dan data secara utuh dan dilakukan secara sistematis sesuai fokus penelitian. Membahas hasil materi hasil penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan: pertanggungjawaban pelaku hukum pidana terhadap korban perdagangan orang di wilayah hukum Polda DIY untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku di tindak pidana perdagangan orang
