An 80-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma developed pulmonary nocardiosis caused by Nocardia gipuzkoensis, with a concomitant central nervous system lesion. The isolate was identified as N. gipuzkoensis by secA1 gene sequencing. To our knowledge, this is the first reported human infection caused by N. gipuzkoensis in Japan.
Spontaneous thyroid hemorrhage is rare but can cause life-threatening airway compromise. Rupture associated with a thyroid arteriovenous malformation is exceptionally rare; to our knowledge, only one case has been previously reported. We report a case of an 82-year-old Japanese woman who presented with acute neck swelling and airway compromise secondary to rupture of a thyroid arteriovenous malformation supplied by the superior thyroid artery. The patient underwent early intubation for airway protection, followed by interventional radiology and surgical resection, which resulted in complete recovery. This case highlights the importance of prioritizing airway management and a multidisciplinary approach that combines interventional radiology and surgery for life-threatening thyroid hemorrhage.
Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are locally destructive, blood-filled benign bone lesions traditionally regarded as reactive rather than true neoplastic lesions. ABCs typically affect the proximal humerus, distal femur, proximal tibia, and spine. Involvement of the calcaneus is rare, representing approximately 1.6
Type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a unique form of pancreatitis characterized by IgG4-related inflammation and corticosteroid (CS) responsiveness, but long-term outcomes remain unclear. We evaluated 10-year relapse, malignancy, metabolic/nutritional changes, and survival. We retrospectively analyzed 83 CS-treated patients with type 1 AIP followed for ≥ 10 years or until death, assessing: relapse and risk factors; standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and risk factors for malignancies; 10-year changes in HbA1c and serum albumin; CS-related adverse events; and overall survival (OS). Cumulative relapse rates at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years were 11.0
Enteric-type thymic adenocarcinomas are rare histological variants with limited treatment options. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with stage IVB enteric-type thymic adenocarcinoma who was treated with lenvatinib. The patient underwent chemoradiotherapy and subsequently received lenvatinib for local recurrence. Despite the patient receiving a low dosage owing to side effects, the size of the recurrent lesions decreased. However, 5 months later, new brain metastases and carcinomatous meningitis developed, and the patient eventually succumbed to cancer. This case suggests that lenvatinib may be an effective treatment for enteric-type adenocarcinomas. However, at low doses, its efficacy may be limited to intracranial lesions.
