The Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas (Chiapas University of the Sciences and Arts, UNICACH) is an institution of higher education located in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico. Along with the Tuxtla Gutierrez Institute of Technology, it is considered one of the two most important educational institutions in the state of Chiapas.
El presente artículo propone el Modelo de Superposición Cuántica de Valor (SQV) como una alternativa innovadora para abordar la ambivalencia en las decisiones de consumo, superando las limitaciones de los modelos de utilidad esperada y la Prospect Theory. El objetivo principal fue demostrar que las preferencias no son entidades fijas, sino estados probabilísticos dinámicos que se colapsan en una elección observada al interactuar con un contexto particular. Para alcanzar este propósito, se aplicó un enfoque teórico-exploratorio acompañado de simulaciones computacionales, comparando el desempeño del SQV frente a un modelo clásico de elección racional en escenarios caracterizados por efectos de dominancia asimétrica y atracción. Los resultados muestran que el modelo cuántico logra replicar con mayor exactitud patrones empíricos, reflejados en divergencias de Jensen–Shannon y log-verosimilitudes negativas más bajas en comparación con los enfoques tradicionales. Estos hallazgos corroboran que el valor económico no constituye una magnitud lineal ni estática, sino un fenómeno emergente y contextual, en sintonía con descubrimientos recientes en econofísica y neuroeconomía. En consecuencia, el marco SQV ofrece un vínculo formal entre las ciencias del comportamiento y la teoría cuántica de decisiones, con aplicaciones prácticas en la fijación dinámica de precios, el diseño de experiencias para usuarios y el desarrollo de algoritmos de recomendación en mercados digitales complejos.
Pocos estudios se han centrado en modelar la distribución espacial de las cinco especies de Cynomys, a pesar de que se reconoce su importante papel ecológico en la composición del suelo, los patrones de vegetación y de la biodiversidad. Mediante el uso de Modelos de Distribución de Especies (MDE), integrados con registros de campo y variables ambientales, la investigación buscó determinar si es posible utilizar el concepto de la transferencia de MDE, y contestar a la pregunta de si es más eficaz modelar a nivel de género que a nivel de especie. Se utilizó el algoritmo de MaxEnt, correlacionando la presencia de las especies con factores ambientales en una vasta área desde Canadá hasta México. Se encontraron diferencias considerables en la distribución espacial entre las especies, siendo C. ludovicianus la que presentó áreas de distribución espacial más extensas y C. parvidens las más reducidas, así como bajos valores de superposición. Modelar cada especie individualmente es más eficaz que modelar el género debido a las significativas diferencias interespecíficas en preferencias ambientales y rasgos genéticos y comportamentales. La investigación destaca las adaptaciones ecológicas, fisiológicas y comportamentales únicas de cada especie, moldeadas por sus condiciones ambientales específicas y su historia evolutiva.
The transition toward sustainable synthesis routes plays a crucial role in advancing scalable and environmentally responsible photocatalytic materials. In this study, a green combustion synthesis of bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) was developed, using orange peel powder (OPP) as both a renewable fuel and a multifunctional complexing agent. The incorporation of OPP eliminated the need for hazardous reagents and promoted waste valorization, aligning with the principles of green chemistry and the circular economy. Comprehensive structural, morphological, and optical characterizations were performed using XRD, Raman, XPS, FTIR, SEM/TEM, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. An increasing OPP content induced a phase transition from a mixed tetragonal-monoclinic system to a predominantly monoclinic BiVO4 structure, which correlated with improved photocatalytic performance. Although the residual organic components of OPP were not explicitly identified, the data indicated enhanced crystallinity and the formation of oxygen vacancies. These vacancies contributed to bandgap narrowing (2.21 eV), improved charge separation, and reduced electron–hole recombination. The optimized BiVO4 sample (N3-350) exhibited remarkable photocatalytic activity, achieving over 95
The triple junction between the North American, Caribbean and Cocos plates at the Guatemala-Mexico border is not well understood. It forms a broad region from around the active Tacan & aacute; volcano up to the Guatemala City graben. Tacan & aacute; is the westernmost active volcano of the Central American volcanic arc and is located at the intersection of four major active faults: the Polochic, Motagua, Jalpatagua and Tonal & aacute; faults. Using seismicity around the Tacan & aacute; volcano, we show that there is moderate to low tectonic seismic activity between the Guatemala City graben and the Tacan & aacute; volcano, possibly related to the ancient extremes of the Motagua and Jalpatagua faults. Therefore, we speculate that the triple junction would be located onshore, around the Tacan & aacute; volcano.We located earthquakes around the Tacan & aacute; volcano between January 2017 and October 2018, a period that includes the large Mw8.2 Tehuantepec (Chiapas) earthquake of 2017 September 8, located similar to 190 km away. We identified four distinct types of seismicity, interpreted as having tectonic, hydrothermal, intermediate depth magmatic and deep magmatic origins. The tectonic seismicity occurred at depths between similar to 5 and similar to 30 km b.s.l., and may be associated with three faults around the Tacan & aacute; volcanic complex. These faults are oriented in NE-SW, aligned with the four Tacan & aacute; volcanic edifices; NW-SE, consistent with the Jalpatagua fault; and approximately EW, corresponding to the Motagua fault. The hydrothermal seismicity is observed at shallow depths, from the subsurface to about 2 km b.s.l., predominantly in the western sector of the Tacan & aacute; summit, and partially beneath the San Antonio volcano, an area known for intense hydrothermal activity. This seismicity is spatially related to the shallow portions of the same three faults described above. The intermediate depth magmatic seismicity is detected at depths between 5 and 12 km b.s.l. and is interpreted to be related to the presence of a shallow magma chamber beneath the Tacan & aacute; volcanic complex. Finally, the deep magmatic seismicity is located in the eastern part of the Tacan & aacute;, at depths ranging from 15 km to about 22 km b.s.l. This seismicity is interpreted to be due to a vertical dike intrusion that connects a deep magma reservoir located between 30 and 40 km depth, to the hypothesized shallower magma chamber associated with the intermediate depth seismicity.
The use of psychoactive Psilocybe mushrooms as entheogens by the Mazatecs of Oaxaca became known to the world in 1957. While the Mazatec Region has been the focus of research, historical records indicate that other indigenous groups in Mexico, including the Zapotecs, also used these mushrooms for ceremonial and medicinal purposes. However, the linguistic, cultural and ecological diversity of the Zapotec people suggests that their practices cannot be generalised. In contemporary times, changes in cultural and environmental factors, as well as the rise of psychedelic tourism, have contributed to the transformation and commodification of these traditions. The purpose of this paper was to document the changes in the use, customs and knowledge of Psilocybe species in a Zapotec community in the Valles Centrales of Oaxaca. Through informal in-depth interviews, 30 people from the community of El Peral, San Antonino El Alto were interviewed. These testimonies were recorded in a field diary and entered into a database for categorical analysis. In this way, it was possible to document that the use of Psilocybezapotecorum, called Hongo Borracho or Hongo Santo and in Zapotec Ni'to be'ya, for healing and divinatory purposes, continues in the community. However, its use is decreasing and the mushrooms are more difficult to find, likely due to changing climatic patterns, according to those interviewed. We found that there are still people dedicated to the sale of these mushrooms. For the Zapotecs of El Peral, these mushrooms can do whatever is asked of them according to a ritual, but they are aware that outsiders used them for recreational purposes, although they did not oppose it. This study underscores the importance of documenting and understanding cultural practices related to mushrooms, as well as the need to address environmental challenges that affect their availability and traditional use. Finally, this is the first formal record of the use of Psilocybe mushrooms amongst Zapotecs of the Valles Centrales Region in Oaxaca.
