The Yaoundé General Hospital (Hôpital Général de Yaoundé - HGY) is a hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon, established in 1985. It serves as a teaching center, and is a reference hospital for other hospitals in the Yaounde region.The hospital was designed by the C. Cacoub and Buban Ngu Design Group and built by SBBM & Six Construct. It covers an area of 20,301 square metres and as of 2001 had 302 beds.The hospital provides medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynaecology and pediatrics.It is the only hospital in the Central Region with a dialysis center.However, as of July 2011 patients were being turned away due to shortage of dialysis units.
The commissioning of a new radiological facility or practice requires a comprehensive process for shielding design and verification process. Traditionally, shielding design has relied on deterministic methods, such as those described in NCRP Report No. 147, and Monte Carlo codes, whereas verification has been performed using dosimeters and survey meters. Although deterministic methods remain the conventional approach, Monte Carlo simulations enable more detailed assessments of complex geometries and three-dimensional (3D) dose distributions. In this study, a Monte Carlo model based on the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) version 3.33 was developed to support shielding design, workplace zoning, and verification procedures in a conventional radiography room equipped with a remote-controlled examination table. Shielding parameters were determined using both deterministic and Monte Carlo methods, while experimental dosimetric measurements were performed to validate the model. The deterministic method was used to estimate barrier thicknesses, while on-site measurements yielded dose rates and actual lead sheet thicknesses. The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate ambient equivalent dose rates and weekly air kerma. The simulation results demonstrated a mean deviation of 8.11
Introduction L’hydrocèle vaginale est une collection de liquide clair séreux entre la vaginale et le testicule. La résection subtotale de la vaginale (RSTV) est le traitement standard de l’hydrocèle vaginale. Elle offre des taux de complication variable de 17,5 à 27,5 %. Nous avons évalué si la résection totale de la vaginale (RTV) pouvait réduire le risque de complication de l’hydrocelectomie. Méthodes Soixante-douze patients ayant une hydrocèle vaginale symptomatique ont été sélectionnés consécutivement et traités par RSTV (n=36) ou par RTV (n=36) de façon prospective. Trois mois après la chirurgie le risque de complication et de ré-opération a été calculé par groupe. Les patients ont été réexaminés un an après la chirurgie pour évaluer le taux de guérison et de récidive. Résultats Le risque de complication grade I à III était de 4/36 (11,11 %) dans le groupe RSTV contre 3/36 (8,33 %) dans le groupe RTV ; p=0,86. Le risque de ré-opération due à un hématome grade III était de 1/36 (2,78 %) par groupe ; p=1. Le risque relatif était de 0,75. Le risque absolu était de 2,77 % (IC95 % : −10,91 % à 16,45 % ; p=0,86). Après un an d’observation, le taux de guérison et de récidive était respectivement de 100 % et 0 % dans chaque groupe. Conclusions La RSTV et la RTV sont efficaces et sûres pour traiter l’hydrocèle vaginale de l’adulte. La réduction absolue de risque imputable à la RTV était de 2,77 %. La RTV est autant performante que la RSTV.
Objectives To compare antibiotic-impregnated composite bone grafts (AIBG) with the standard autologous cancellous bone graft for reconstruction of infected segmental bone defects (ISBD) using the induced membrane technique (IMT). Design: Retrospective study of prospectively collected data Setting: Four tertiary care hospitals in Cameroon Patient Selection Criteria: All adult patients with ISBD treated with the IMT between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2024, were included. At the second stage, bone reconstruction was performed using an autologous cancellous bone graft (standard group, 2020–2022) or a handmade antibiotic-impregnated composite bone graft (AIBG group, 2023–2024), corresponding to two consecutive time periods. Outcome Measures and Comparisons: The primary outcomes were bone union and infection recurrence. Outcomes were compared between the AIBG group and the standard group. Subgroup analyses compared outcomes according to culture status at stage 2 and treatment group. Results: Forty patients were included, with 13 in the AIBG group (84.6% male; mean age 38.7 ± 19.9 years) and 27 in the standard group (70.4% male; mean age 39.9 ± 16.6 years). Mean follow-up was 20.7 ± 12.1 months. Bone union was achieved in 92.3% (12/13) of the AIBG group and 85.2% (23/27) of the standard group (p = 0.52). Recurrent infection occurred in 7.7% (1/13) of the AIBG group and 29.6% (8/27) of the standard group (p = 0.22). Twelve patients (30.0%) had positive cultures at stage 2. Positive cultures at stage 2 were associated with a higher risk of treatment failure (nonunion or infection recurrence) compared with culture-negative patients (66.7% vs 14.3%, p = 0.002; OR = 12.9, 95% CI [2.4–59.4]). Among culture-positive patients, infection recurrence occurred in 75.0% (6/8) of the standard group and 0.0% (0/4) of the AIBG group (p = 0.01). Bone union without infection recurrence occurred in 75.0% (3/4) of the AIBG group and 12.5% (1/8) of the standard group (p = 0.03). Conclusion In patients with persistent positive cultures at the second stage (bone grafting) of the induced membrane technique, antibiotic-impregnated composite bone grafts were associated with lower infection recurrence and higher rates of bone union without infection recurrence. Level of evidence: Therapeutic Level II
Background: Fracture-related infection (FRI) represents one of the most challenging complications in trauma care and disproportionately affects patients in low-resource settings, where diagnostic capacity, surgical infrastructure, and access to microbiology and reconstructive expertise are limited. Methods: An expert group was convened through the African Bone and Joint Infection Network (ABJIN) under the auspices of the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) and with support from the AO Alliance. Recommendations were developed through a three-step process: (1) a two-part survey assessing current practice and priority needs among clinicians from African countries, (2) an in-person multidisciplinary consensus meeting during the COSECSA Congress (Harare, 2024), and (3) an iterative collaborative review by a wider panel of clinicians from 14 countries. Results: The group produced context-adapted recommendations covering prevention, terminology, diagnosis, investigations, holistic patient optimization, antimicrobial therapy, local antibiotic delivery, and surgical management of FRI in low-resource settings. Key themes include the following: management of open fractures; diagnostic pathways prioritizing clinical criteria and intra-operative sampling; antimicrobial strategies reflecting local microbiology and drug availability; affordable local antibiotic carriers; and the importance of soft-tissue management, multidisciplinary collaboration, and centralization of complex cases. Barriers specific to low-resource settings - delayed presentation, restricted microbiology services, limited implant availability, and high burdens of comorbidities - were integrated into the recommendations. Conclusion: These consensus-based, context-specific recommendations provide practical guidance for FRI in low-resource settings. They aim to support clinicians in delivering safe, cost-effective care, accepting structural limitations while promoting standardization and audit. Further clinical research from low- and middle-income countries is needed to strengthen the evidence base and refine these recommendations.
