浙江海洋大学

Chestnut tannin, a bark-derived renewable polyphenolic product from the forest industry, was converted into porous carbon through hydrothermal carbonization and potassium-based activation. The effects of activator type and potassium hydroxide/carbon microspheres (KOH/CMS) mass ratio on pore evolution, surface chemistry, and electrochemical behavior were investigated to clarify the relationship between activation-regulated structure and charge storage. At a fixed activator/CMS mass ratio of 1:1, KOH produced a more electrochemically favorable porous framework with uniformly developed micropores, a higher defect level, and improved ion-accessible pathways, although K2CO3 and KHCO3 also induced visible pore development and surface roughening. Subsequent optimization of the KOH/CMS ratio identified CMS-KOH-3 as the best-performing sample, with a high specific surface area of 3069.9 m(2) g(-1) and a total pore volume of 1.989 cm(3) g(-1). Benefiting from its balanced micro/mesoporous architecture and reduced ion/electron transport resistance, CMS-KOH-3 delivered a specific capacitance of 243.2 F g(-1) at 0.5 A g(-1) and retained 76.9% of its capacitance at 10 A g(-1) in 6 M KOH electrolyte. A symmetric aqueous supercapacitor assembled with CMS-KOH-3 electrodes achieved an energy density of 16.04 Wh kg(-1) at 375 W kg(-1) and retained 91.3% of its initial capacitance after 18000 cycles. This study clarifies how potassium-salt activation regulates the pore evolution and surface chemistry of chestnut tannin-derived hydrochar, providing a thermochemical route to biomass-derived porous carbon electrodes for aqueous supercapacitors.

Safety-critical systems operating under strict mission deadlines must balance mission completion with system safety. This paper studies evaluation and optimization of an abort and rescue policy for a multi sector k-out-of-n:F balanced system. We develop a two stage continuous time Markov chain framework to characterize stage dependent mission evolution and derive analytical expressions for mission success probability and system survivability over a finite horizon. The analytical results are then validated by Monte Carlo simulation. Based on these results, we formulate a policy optimization model that jointly selects the threshold and deadline to maximize mission success probability. Model extensions are also discussed for phase type component lifetimes and workload dependent continuation after the abort boundary is reached. A zone balanced cloud-service case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework for performance evaluation and policy optimization.

Engineering advanced S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts represents a prospective strategy for efficient antibiotic-contaminated wastewater decontamination. However, the practical realization of such systems is hindered by difficulties in achieving seamless interfacial integration and precise control over charge-carrier dynamics. Herein, we proposed a shell-core 0D/2D Mn0.5 Cd0.5 S/C3 N5 S-scheme heterojunction with compact interfacial contact, synthesized by in-situ solvothermal growth of Mn0.5 Cd0.5 S nanodots on C3 N5 nanosheets. This optimized Mn0.5 Cd0.5 S/C3 N5 heterojunction performs extraordinary catalytic performance and enables approximately 1.3- and 3.2-fold tetracycline abatement rate greater than that for Mn0.5 Cd0.5 S and C3 N5 , respectively, which arises from the synergy of efficient spatial photo-carrier separation and well preserved great redox capacity of the heterojunction enabled by the S-scheme mechanism. Mechanistic validation was achieved through systematic characterizations and computational analyses. This study advances the rational design of shell-core S-scheme heterojunctions for photocatalytic antibiotic wastewater treatment. (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

Solar-driven catalytic decontamination of emerging organic pollutants is of significance for achieving environmental sustainability. The cardinal challenges in this technology are swift charge carrier reunion, weak redox capability and poor sunlight utilization capacity of photocatalysts. Here, an innovative Ag/Ag2 O/C3 N5 S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst with plasmonic effect was developed for antibiotic decontamination by coating Ag/Ag2 O nanodots on the surface of C3 N5 nanosheets. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect from Ag nanodots augments sunlight response and exciton production. Meanwhile the "nanodots-on-nanosheets" 0D/0D/2D heterostructure with a plasmonic S-scheme interface significantly boosts separation and utilization of highly energetic photo-carriers. As a result, the optimized Ag/Ag2 O/C3 N5 demonstrates extraordinary stability and achieves a photocatalytic levofloxacin removal rate constant of 0.0278 min-1 , which is about 3.9-, 11.6-, and 1.9-fold greater than that of Ag2 O, C3 N5 , and Ag2 O/C3 N5, respectively. The photocatalytic decontamination mechanism and degradation route of levofloxacin over Ag/Ag2 O/C3 N5 are elucidated using LC-MS analysis and DFT calculation. This research highlights the potential of LSPR modulated S-scheme heterojunctions as robust photocatalysts for wastewater decontamination, paving the way for innovative solutions to environmental pollution challenges. (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

Tuna is one of the most economically important seafood products, particularly in the sashimi market, where visual appeal, texture, and freshness are crucial to consumer acceptance. The bright red color of sashimi-grade tuna meat is governed by the redox state of myoglobin, which is highly susceptible to oxidation during post-harvest handling, processing, and storage. In addition, lipid and protein oxidation, microbial proliferation, and enzymatic degradation accelerate discoloration and lead to significant economic losses. This review explores the chemical and biochemical mechanisms underlying tuna discoloration, including brown discoloration and burnt tuna, with particular emphasis on myoglobin redox dynamics and its interplay with oxidative and microbial factors. Furthermore, natural additives, especially plant polyphenols, modified atmosphere packaging, and emerging non-thermal technologies such as ultraviolet-C irradiation and cold plasma are discussed as promising preservation strategies to retain color and maintain superior quality attributes. Future directions for integrating these hurdles, validating industrial scalability, and applying omics techniques to characterize key metabolites are also highlighted.