In Norway, the focus on interoperability and communication across healthcare practices has increased the need to connect ICT portfolios at different levels of healthcare, into large-scale information infrastructures (II). Governing healthcare practices is exceptionally complex, due to the diverging goals and policies of the heterogeneous actors involved. Establish well-functioning ICT governance organizations to handle these large infrastructures is therefore important. Using information infrastructure theory, and governance literature from the IS field, this paper contributes with empirical insight to the longitudinal and political process of establishing ICT governance in a healthcare context, reporting from one of Norway's largest health ICT projects, situated in the North Norway Regional Health Authority in 2012–2016. Our focus was on the following research questions: How does organizational politics shape the process of establishing an ICT governance organization in a heterogeneous healthcare environment, and what does it take to establish such ICT governance organization?
Although the literature emphasizes the link between digital competence (DC) and IT adoption, there is a lack of understanding of how DC can be conceptualized in an SME context. Drawing on the literatures on SMEs and DC and on the change agentry perspective, this multi-case study proposes a multi-dimensional conceptualization of DC and empirically tests a typology of three DC archetypes of SME employees: Technical Expert, Organizer, and Campaigner. The results from a multi-case study of three Canadian SMEs suggest that the development of DC should focus on the complementarity nature of the technological, social and cognitive dimensions of the DC.
Nowadays, treating the data as a continuous real-time flux is an exigence explained by the need for immediate response to events in daily life. We study the data like an ongoing data stream and represent it by streaming egocentric networks Ego-Networks of the particular nodes under study. We use a non-standard node forgetting factor in the representation of the network data stream, as previously introduced in the related literature. This way the representation is sensible to recent events in users' networks and less sensible for the past node events. We study this method with large scale Ego-Networks taken from telecommunications social networks with power law distribution. We aim to compare and analysis some reference Ego-Networks metrics, and their variation with or without forgetting factor.
This paper focuses on challenges that arise because of the heterogeneous nature of digital innovation. These challenges are studied through a case study involving a two year long research and development project concerning the development of the e-newspaper concept and a demonstrator based on e-paper technology. To enable the exploration of these challenges, a multi-method approach was chosen. The paper is built using a two-step process; first, presenting a framework based on a review of related literature identifying characteristics and aspects of heterogeneity in digital innovation, and secondly, applying this framework into the analysis of the e-newspaper case. Based on the empirical findings, the paper presents a discussion which elaborates on how digital innovation can be organized in order to address the identified challenges with heterogeneity in digital innovation. Furthermore, it is suggested that digital technology targeted towards everyday use is inherently leading to innovation networks of heterogeneous actors as well as heterogeneous users of digital innovation.
This article aims to provide a critical review of the published literature related to retail marketing strategies and brand management in the global retail industry. The literature review covers the overview of marketing strategies; retail marketing strategies and technological utilization; international retail marketing strategies in the global retail industry; retail marketing strategies and internationalization; the challenges of retail marketing strategies in the fashion retail industry; the overview of brand management; and the significance of brand management in the global retail industry. Effective marketing is necessary to compete in the ever-growing worldwide retail industry sector. The improved retail profits are within reach with the purposeful retail marketing strategies. Brand management means defining the brand, positioning the brand, and delivering the brand. The literature review analysis provides both practitioners and researchers an important understanding about retail marketing strategies and brand management in the global retail industry.
Integration of Strategic Intelligence with corporate strategic management is becoming of vital importance for modern and flexible organizations in the last few years. The main achievement of this integration is to help decision makers to implement systemically their corporate strategies, adapt easily to changes in the environment, and gain competitive advantages. In this article, the authors will extend the studies in this domain, and clarify the relationships between Business Intelligence, Competitive Intelligence with Strategic Intelligence. They will also explain the impact of Business Intelligence on Corporate Performance Management, Operational Business Process, Competitive Intelligence, and Strategic Intelligence. Finally, the authors will explain the new proposed framework BSC-SI that can facilitate the integration of Strategic Intelligence with Balanced Scorecard methodology.
This article reviews the literature in the search for the multifaceted applications of data mining (DM), business intelligence (BI), and knowledge management (KM). The literature review highlights the overviews of DM, BI, and KM; the practical applications of DM, BI, and KM; and the prospects of DM, BI, and KM in terms of marketing, business, human resources, and manufacturing. DM plays a key role in organizing huge amount of data and condensing it into valuable information. BI involves the delivery and integration of relevant and useful business information in an organization. KM allows companies to manage a system of core competencies in order to maximize business opportunities and minimize the risk of losing business opportunities. The findings present valuable insights and further understanding of the way in which DM, BI, and KM efforts should be focused.
Managers, investors, financial institutions and government agencies have a major concern on forecasting enterprise bankruptcy. It enables the sustainability assessment of critical suppliers and clients, as well as competitors and the business environment. Throughout the 20th and the 21st century, advances in statistics and computer science fields enabled the development of different trends in financial distress assessment that co-exist today. However, recent Data Mining (DM) techniques are regarded as being the most precise. IT expertise requirements in the constantly evolving DM field may have been a major obstacle to the adoption of these techniques by decision makers. Furthermore, DM software tools that are now widespread offer a broad spectrum of Artificial Intelligence algorithms and the most difficult task may be the decision of selecting the appropriate algorithm. Hence, the adoption of a good workflow method for data processing and analysis is critical for having fast and reliable results. This work presents an overview of the available bankruptcy techniques and provides a comprehensive case study exploring the latest Data Mining techniques.
Connectivity and networking benefits of social media platforms have motivated organizations to deploy similar model in an organizational setting in the form of Enterprise Social Network (ESN) with an objective to increase collaboration among employees. Further, ESN is considered more relevant in today's digital business environment where organizations have to deal with collaboration and communication challenges faced by teams that have members operating from different locations and time zones. Once the ESN is implemented the next challenge for the organization is to ensure the participation of employees and keeping them motivated to use ESN for interacting with their peers. This paper aims to elucidate the factors that influence employees' decision to use ESN in the context of Indian organizations. In this study, a conceptual model is developed on the theoretical grounding of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology theory, Technology-Organization-Environment framework, Social Capital theory and Critical Mass theory. This study proposes that employees' ESN usage behavior is driven by individual factors (i.e. perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment), organizational factors (i.e. top management support, facilitating conditions, and collaborative norms), as well as social factors (i.e. perception of the critical mass). Data was collected using questionnaire survey method. According to the data analysis of this study, all the six factors were found statistically significant. While, support from top management was identified as the most significant factor that encourages the use of ESN, followed by the perception of critical mass regarding the usage of ESN in an organization.
IT projects often fail to be completed on time, on budget, within scope, with the required functionality and error free. The reasons for project failure are numerous and have been well studied and identified in the literature; however, most studies assume that project managers are completely devoted to the execution of the project and disregard any time wasting efforts that keep them from these duties. One such duty is the assignment and tracking of personnel to tasks within a project. As workers become over-allocated, the PM must redirect his or her efforts to balancing the overall schedule. This task is often performed manually causing PMs to spend much of their time attending to the details of the schedule instead of dealing with the issues critical to the project. The author describes here software that optimizes the schedule when resources are limited and describe its use in both single and multiple project environments.
This article aims to provide a critical review of the published literature related to retail marketing strategies and brand management in the global retail industry. The literature review covers the overview of marketing strategies; retail marketing strategies and technological utilization; international retail marketing strategies in the global retail industry; retail marketing strategies and internationalization; the challenges of retail marketing strategies in the fashion retail industry; the overview of brand management; and the significance of brand management in the global retail industry. Effective marketing is necessary to compete in the ever-growing worldwide retail industry sector. The improved retail profits are within reach with the purposeful retail marketing strategies. Brand management means defining the brand, positioning the brand, and delivering the brand. The literature review analysis provides both practitioners and researchers an important understanding about retail marketing strategies and brand management in the global retail industry.
Internet usage has shown drastic growth in the initial half of the year 2015 in India. The user base has increased over 354 million and with this India has become the top second country after China in terms of internet usage. Facebook is the prime social networking site which is used by 96% of urban users, followed by Google Plus (61%), Twitter (43%) and LinkedIn (24%). This extensive use of social media by the public had attracted the attention of the politicians to use it for election campaigns and has given researchers a reason to find out how politicians are engaging the public through this platform. Influence of Social media on the electorate has been proved from its successful use in the US presidential election in 2008 and by political parties in the 2014 Lok Sabha elections in India. This paper intends to explore the use of social media and its effectiveness in political elections through an extensive literature review. Social media has become an effective tool for political engagement and political participation as it is a low cost media as compared to traditional media. The low cost of this media has made it one of the main source to get information for advanced analysis and in-depth understanding of the electoral process. This paper will provide an insight to politicians, political analysts, journalists and electoral candidates regarding social media usage. The paper will also present a future research agenda to study how political parties can benefit from use of social media and change their strategies to engage workers and the voters.
Knowledge that exists within organization is a sustainable source of competitive advantage. Though enormous research on knowledge management (KM) has taken place, little focus has been on KM in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Globalization of supply chains, rapid technological advances, superior returns on intellectual capital, growing importance of knowledge-intensive industries would make KM a strategic tool in the growth and success of all, especially SMEs. KM-enabled SMEs are essential for competitive and sustainable growth. Hence a judicious approach for KM in SMEs is a must in current scenario. Done by an in-depth literature review and contextual analysis, the objective of this paper is twofold - to aid researchers in recognizing and understanding KM spectrum for SMEs in a globalized world and for SMEs to reckon that success and worth of businesses depend more on intellectual capital than physical assets merely.
Integration of Strategic Intelligence with corporate strategic management is becoming of vital importance for modern and flexible organizations in the last few years. The main achievement of this integration is to help decision makers to systemically implement their corporate strategies, adapt easily to changes in the environment, and gain competitive advantages. This manuscript per the authors will extend the studies in this domain, and clarify the relationships between Business Intelligence, Competitive Intelligence with Strategic Intelligence. It will also explain the impact of Business Intelligence on Corporate Performance Management, Operational Business Process, Competitive Intelligence, and Strategic Intelligence. Finally, it will explain the new proposed framework BSC-SI that can facilitate the integration of Strategic Intelligence with Balanced Scorecard methodology.
The ever-rising middle class coupled with high disposable incomes and burgeoning internet culture in the country has driven the e- commerce industry like never before. The resultant cluttered scenario has put pressures on the competing players & a rapid desperation to rise across social media and create relevance for their brand. Contextual hyper advertising by leveraging technology to own up key words is one such strategic formula applied by major players to make their brands more meaningful for optimally reaching out to consumers in the fastest and most economical way possible. The paper aims at evaluating the overall appeal of Contextual hyper-advertising as a strategy in creating Brand Relevance by adapting to certain models in integrating communication.
Companies focus on software development in order to survive in a highly competitive world. They not only need to keep up to date with the changes that are occurring in their environment, but they also need to assure the effectiveness of their processes. One way to do that is pursuing high quality standards by continuously improving the development processes. This article describes the decision of a software company specialized in information technology services for banking to pursue the improvement of its software development processes through CMMI ML3 certification and LEAN implementation. Throughout the article is shown the reasons why it was decided to take this enhancement step, the tools used to support the implementation, and the obtained results. The intent is to show that continuous improvement is not an immediate result of a certification or best practices implementation but the decision to make improvement as company's DNA.
Corporate-employed technologists have a special moral responsibility to themselves and to others to help oppose the dynamics of accelerating inequality in the US and globally. They have distinctive capabilities in this respect and they are in a special position to do so. There exists a moral-responsibility-to-self in this context, involving meta-coherence and integrity. Responsibility-to-others can be enacted by attempting to inject scientific and ethical habits-of-thought into the global distributed governance process, but also by standing in opposition to corporate-level strategies and practices that make inequality worse.
The fact that 'Man is a social being' is seen and felt in real as well as in virtual world. The paper discusses the advent of concept of social customer. All customers who use social media to share their experience through their positive or negative comments related with goods and services used as well as those who browse social media for getting reference to arrive at a decision to buy or choose are social customers. In the above backdrop the researchers have tried to highlight following issues: i definition of Social Customers, ii impact of Social media as a reference group on social customer. The researchers have conducted an empirical study and analyzed the data through Structural equation modeling and provided guidelines to marketers on the impact of social media in general and e-WOM in particular on buying behavior of social customers.
From the last decade, the Internet has become a new way of communication. Business firms use the internet for communicating with their stakeholder and expanding their business. Nowadays, in the complex environment of competition, companies just don't want to communicate the information rather they require feedback and response for the particular information. This kind of problem is resolved by the use of social media. Disclosing business information through social media companies get to know about the behavior of investors towards their particular information. Thus, the present paper aims to examine the extent of corporate reporting on Facebook. The results show that 64% companies have Facebook profile. Further, it was found that most of the companies cultivate relationship by presenting information on disclosure and involvement. It was revealed that, mostly companies presented the information on marketing and ignored the financial, social and governance components.
Recent web-based technologies such as social media offer new ways for involving users in system design. However, little is known about the concrete benefits and limitations of online user participation and how to organize such processes in a corporate context. This research reports on an approach that integrated an online-platform with face-to-face activities to design an ICT-based health care service together with health care staff. A qualitative, formative evaluation of the approach over two years revealed critical success factors for applying online participation within a participatory design process. The authors show how task-related, media-related and organizational characteristics, transaction costs of participating and the need for a shared context work as preconditions and drivers for online participation. The evaluation also revealed that the online platform and scenario workshops complement each other well by integrating online user-generated content with detailed context information derived from face-to-face interaction.
