Epidemiologists recommended contact-tracing as an effective control measure for the global infection like COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its effectiveness in infection containment, it has many limitations such as labour-intensive process, prone to human errors and most importantly, user privacy concerns. To address these shortcomings, we proposed location-aware blockchain-based hierarchical contact-tracing framework for anonymised data collection and processing. This infectious disease control framework serves both the infected users with localised alerts as well as stakeholders such as city officials and health workers with health statistics. Our proposed solution uses hierarchical network design that offloads individual infection block data to create hospital and city-level 'chains' for generating macro-level infection statistics. Results demonstrate that our system can represent the dynamic complexities of contract tracing in highly infection situations. Overall, our design emphasises on data processing and verification mechanism for large volume of infection data over a significant period of time for active risk assessment.
The proposed work aims to discover the international technology competition and development of human-artificial intelligence (AI) collaboration on content creation in the film and animation industries to support the strategic planning, decision-making of R&D, and soft innovation. The study demonstrates a hybrid approach that combines technology life cycle (TLC) and latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modelling. We analyse 1,982 patents of AI collaborating on creating film and animation in the primary patent application countries (i.e., patents applied to the intellectual property offices of the USA, China, Korea, Japan, and European Patent Office, EPO) from 2010 to 2020. The TLC results show growing trends in the international technology competition. The major topic trends corresponding to TLC phases denote strong potential or future stagnation signals in different countries. The study provides the future R&D signals and suggests stimulating soft innovation with human-AI collaboration to face growing competition.
Recently, interest in the correlation between 'contract' in transaction governance and 'trust' in relational governance mechanisms has been growing. This study focuses on issues related to the evolution of contract and inter-organisational trust dynamics in transaction governance and uses mixed research method to investigate sectors related to transaction governance in Taiwan's electronics industry. The study finds higher flexibility in contract implementation to be a promoter of trust between two parties in a relationship, thereby promoting project execution efficiency in the case of Taiwanese firms. Organisational management differs between the East and West; therefore, Western firms should understand how various contractual provisions can be used to accommodate different transactions when cooperating with Taiwanese electronics companies.
Cloud computing is offering various solutions to the world and in this paper we are exploring the possible solutions in higher education system. The emphasis is on cloud adaptation in Arab world education system. We took case study of Oman higher education system. We explore the factors that have slowed cloud adoption mainly in higher education and find meaningful solutions to improve the usage of cloud in colleges and universities. Responses to examination inquiries give information about the present condition of moderate cloud selection in higher education. A possible solution could be the adoption of cloud computing and its services. The examination will give knowledge about why higher education work force is reluctant to adapt to this technology. Cloud computing additionally has a few issues and concerns like virtualisation, security and trust. This study explores into the slow adoption of cloud in higher education. Cloud adaptation in developing countries specially in Arab world is needed where higher education is in developing stages. In this study we focused on education sector especially higher education.
This paper presents target on the security of store management system from unauthorised access control using face recognition. We propose a service system which is composed of three modules in order to work cooperatively: the store management for multiple locations warehouses provides the location maps; the process of goods withdrawal by confirming biometric face identity; and the module for data analytics to provide statistic report of warehouses store based on individual, date, time and location of the warehouse, where goods are requested. The system is designed in a form of web application to support the organisation with the accuracy and security for the stakeholders who are involved in store management task. The results contribute to producing a certain level of information to suit data analytics, and that it can be beneficial to support managerial decision-making in enhancing business performance.
Trust continues to be a major focus of information systems research as technology pushes further into both our personal and professional lives. However, little attention has been paid to how personal use of technology influences professional trust in its value for modern business processes such as business analytics activities. We conduct an empirical study to examine whether emotional trust formed by personal use of technology impacts workplace trust in business analytics activities. In the context of personal use of social media technology, we examine trust as an antecedent to adoption and look at whether trust in social media will lead to a perceived relative advantage for its use in business analytics processes. Our findings suggest that personal use-based emotional trust influences the trust in social media-based business analytics processes. Additionally, we find evidence suggesting that trust towards social media communities affect the perceived advantage of using social media in analytics.
The proposed work aims to develop an ethical framework for the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI). The present work changes the discussion from 'What is AI ethics' to 'how AI system developers can implement AI ethics'. The current work deploys cybernetics principles to address the challenges pertaining to AI ethics implementation. With the help of two pillar elements of cybernetics, i.e., man and machine, AI ethics principles have been elucidated in the present work. The study demonstrates that cybernetics provides a different dimension to implement AI ethics principles and dispenses a basis to deploy already existing AI ethics principles. The combination of cybernetics theory and AI ethics principles serves as a firm foundation for implementing AI ethics. The present work provides a comparative study of IBM principles for AI ethics, Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence's (JSAI's) AI ethics principles, and the proposed cybernetics-based AI ethics framework to provide holistic visualisation.
The Likert-type scale is commonly used in the hotel industry to measure service quality. This type of scale adopts classical sets concept defined by means of crisp boundaries, which does not allow for ambiguity in mathematical operations. In order to cope with the vague and subjective nature of linguistic measures, this study applied the fuzzy set concept. A translational model with 11 linguistic values and the equilateral triangular model were utilised to reduce the converting bias of service quality measures. While generating the overall rating of service quality in a hotel context, a weighted fuzzy membership function was considered to reduce the bias from midpoint misrepresentation and the bias from being unable to differentiate the dimensions based on importance to the respondent. This study contributes to the literature by using the fuzzy method to precisely represent the perceived service quality of hotel guests.
The Chinese white dolphin, along the west coast of Taiwan, is claimed as on the brink of distinction species. A top priority before entering the policy process of conservation is to have a well plan of accurate observation. Objective of this paper is to evaluate a proposed novel alternative, which applies the internet of thing (IoT) concept, in the observation of wild animal instead of the conventional way which is manpower intensive. The IoT observation system is consisted of the hydrophone laid on the sea floor, camera/IR sensor carried by quadcopter, and land control center. Monte Carlo simulation was developed for getting insight of the interaction between dolphin and IoT observation system. The result showed IoT observation system has a significant effect. The contribution this paper made is to prove that the IoT observation system is far more cost effectively than the manpower intensive boat watching method.
Language difference has always been a barrier to communication among people. Majority of the people in India do not know how to speak in another language than their mother tongue. As a result, if a tribal person wants to communicate with an official, the person cannot express his/her views/issues to the other due to the language barrier. This is also a problem to the government official to understand the need of the tribal people, who are willing to help them. The technology can fill this gap and can bring the two parties on communication so that the work can be done. In order to help in such type of scenario, we have designed a tribal voice to Hindi voice translation system for mobile systems. Using this system, a tribe person need to speak in the tribal language and the official would get its version in official language which s/he understands. The system acquires a Chhattisgarhi sound in real-time and processes the uttered translated text in Hindi which then converted into the corresponding Hindi speech. This Android application is developed on Android Studio, Android Library, and Google Speech API.
In the past decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are gaining a lot amount of importance in the field of research and development. These UAVs have applications ranging from surveillance, the cinematography in movies, communication, transportation, agriculture, delivery of goods, and rescue operations in various scenarios. The navigation in drones is always a significant challenge as it depends on multiple aspects of technologies, which include both hardware and software. This survey paper lists the importance of UAVs and their various applications. The paper encompasses both the indoor and outdoor aspects of navigation. It describes various properties for navigating, like drone control architecture, deployed hardware-technologies, implemented algorithmic models, drone trajectory planning, and drone communications technologies requirements. Additionally, we also focus on the role of artificial intelligence paradigms for autonomous drone navigation. Vision-based navigation of UAVs using locality sensors and cameras has also discussed with the safety aspects of a drone's successful operation. This paper presents a review of the essential aspects of drone navigation methods and their applications. In the end, this survey reports the essential requirements of UAVs in civil applications from a navigation point of view.
