Patients with vascular dementia (VD) have high mortality and frequent acute care use, and no treatment has been shown to improve these outcomes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are associated with a lower incidence of dementia and with cardiovascular benefit in type 2 diabetes, but their association with clinical outcomes in patients with established VD is unknown. This retrospective cohort study using a national database identified patients with VD from 2016 to 2025. Patients receiving GLP-1RAs within one month of diagnosis were propensity-score matched with non-users (n = 613 per group). Primary outcome was mortality at 1, 3, and 5 years; secondary outcomes included hospitalizations and emergency visits. GLP-1RA use was associated with lower risk of mortality at 1 year (8.7
Gamma Knife (GK) thalamotomy is a minimally invasive treatment option for medically refractory essential tremor (ET), but clinical improvement is typically delayed for several months. Machine learning may enable individualized prediction of treatment response using routinely available data at the time of treatment.Structured abstract. We retrospectively analyzed 163 GK thalamotomy procedures performed in 139 patients with ET. A random forest model was developed using demographic, clinical, baseline Fahn–Tolosa–Marín (FTM), and radiosurgical planning variables available before or at treatment. The primary outcome was percentage improvement in a four-domain composite FTM score. Validation included patient-level 80/20 hold-out testing and repeated 5-fold cross-validation. Performance was assessed using R², mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). On hold-out validation, the model achieved an R² of 0.79 and an MAE of 16 percentage points. Repeated 5-fold cross-validation demonstrated a mean R² of 0.72 (95
