There was a marked decrease in the RES phagocytic activity during the first 12 hours after injection of high concentrations of endotoxin in rats. Phagocytic activity then increased considerably, reaching maximum values on days 3 to 5 and it was still higher than in control animals 20 days later. Parallel studies on 3H thymidine incorporation showed a significant increase in the rate of DNA-synthesis of reticulum cells of the liver during the 5 days period following endotoxin injection. Peak values were obtained on day 2 when the number of labelled cells was 50 times higher than in the controls. A likely reason for the increased DNA-synthesis is a repair of RES following endotoxin induced damage but it may also represent an endotoxin induced proliferation of reticulum cells that may at least partly account for the enhanced phagocytic activity.
A case of rheumatoid disease with localised granulomatous involvement of the leptomeninges is described. This meningeal disease apparently caused a symptomatic epilepsy. This is thought to be only the second reported case of rheumatoid granulomatous involvement of the leptomeninges.
The structural features of 26 spontaneous pituitary tumors in aging female Long-Evans rats have been investigated by different morphologic techniques including immunoperoxidase staining and electron microscopy. By light microscopy, the tumors corresponded to chromophobic-sparsely granulated acidophilic adenomas, containing numerous pigment granules and showing congestion as well as focal hemorrhages. Positive cytoplasmic staining was obtained with Herlant's erythrosin as well as with Brookes' carmoisine methods, used to detect secretory granules of prolactin cells. Immunoperoxidase technique revealed the presence of immunoreactive prolactin in the cytoplasm of many adenoma cells. Growth hormone and TSH immunostainings were negative. By electron microscopy, the tumors were found to consist of prolactin cells exhibiting marked variability in subcellular morphology and differing considerably from non-tumorous resting prolactin cells. A decrease in size and number of secretory granules, proliferation of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, formation of “Nebenkerne”, accumulation of free ribosomes, prominence of Golgi complex and the presence of misplaced exocytosis were characteristic features of the adenoma cells and were interpreted as indicating enhanced secretory activity. Crinophagy and transformation of secretory granules into pigment deposits were striking findings in many adenomas. Since all the adenomas seemed to derive from prolactin cells and belong to the same tumor class, it is assumed that prolactin cells in female Long-Evans rats are more susceptible to oncogenic stimuli than other hypophysial cell types.
This is a report of two brothers with mucopolysaccharidosis. The 8- and 10-year-old boys presented the characteristic clinical symptoms of the syndrome in their entirety. Both had a highly increased excretion of heparan sulfate in urine. The elder boy died and was autopsied and diagnosed as having Sanfilippo disease Typ A by a drastic reduction of heparan sulfate sulfamidase activity in organ extracts. Histochemically, highly water-soluble, sulfated acid mucopolysaccharides were demonstrated in liver, spleen, and cerebrum of the deceased child. Chemical analyses revealed a 12-fold increase of sulfated mucopolysaccharide in the patients liver and a 4.5-fold increase in the cerebrum when compared with normal controls. The sulfated polysaccharide consisted mainly of heparan sulfate, which was of low molecular size, heterogeneous in charge, and rich in its sulfamino hexose content. In addition, the gangliocytes of cerebrum and cerebellum had accumulated glycolipids. Electron microscopically the storage cells were overloaded with lysosomal residual bodies. The mitral valve was also involved in the storage process, which is a rare manifestation of the Sanfilippo syndrome. Acid mucopolysaccharides were deposited intracellularly as well as extracellularly in the mitral valve tissue. Polarisation microscopically there was found a change from normally positive to negative birefringence in the connective tissue ground substance of the mitral valve when containing stored mucopolysaccharides.
According to German law the physician shall not disclose secrets that were confided or made known to him.
Among 5 875 children with a lifetime between 24 hours to 14 years, autopsiated during period 1951-1970, were found 115 cases of naked eye pulmonary thrombo-embolism. 96 cases occurred in children with a lifetime between 24 hours and 4 years. This extremly high frequency is caused by an unusualy high number of thrombosis in renal veins and craneal sinuses, following severe diarrhetic diseases with deshydratation and haemoconcentration Severity and frequency of this enterocolitis of different aetiology, affecting especially children of poor people, are favoured by the climatic, sanitarious and socio-economical conditions of Valencia. Surprisingly, literature do not mention comparables observations about infantil pulmonary thrombo-embolism, observed in territories of similar structure.
A histological method for large series sectioning of larynx is described. The decalcification consists of 5% HNO3, absolute alcohol and 0,5 chromic trioxide. The larynx is imbedded in paraplast. Sections of 6-10 μm in thickness can be cut from blocs 8 X 6 X 5 cm and stained by general histological methods. The complete procedure took only six to seven weeks.
Siebzehn menschliche hypernephroide Nierenkarzinome (hellzellige, granuliertzellige und gemischte) wurden in adulte nu/nu Mäuse beiderlei Geschlechts implantiert. Die Morphologie der Primärtumoren und der Transplantate wurde licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht.
There was a marked decrease in the RES phagocytic activity during the first 12 hours after injection of high concentrations of endotoxin in rats. Phagocytic activity then increased considerably, reaching maximum values on days 3 to 5 and it was still higher than in control animals 20 days later.
Verrucous endocarditis in the newborn is not only a rare but also a problematic disease as concerns its etiology and pathogenesis. In the older literature septic infections of mother and child were said to be the causative factors. Recent experiences with the pathophysiology and pathomorphology of shock have also shown new aspects of the origin of this kind of endocarditis.
Introduction: Using cytophotometry it was possible to determine some components of the single cell. During carcinogenesis of the human cervix uteri there were found atypical values of DNA. The additional determination of RNA and histones resulted in relationship. Histones are accepted to be the stabilizers of DNA molecules. A lysine rich histone fraction was more found in heterochromatin whereas a arginine rich histone fraction seemed to be more linked to the euchromatin. It was the question of this investigation to prove these relationships during cancerization of the human cervix uteri.
