Osteoporosis is the bodys inability to regulate minerals, causes bones to become brittle so that microarchitecture changes occur in tissues. Osteoporosis is influenced by factors related to the characteristics of the elderly, such as gender, body mass index, smoking, and history of systemic diseases. Writing is done by means of literature reviews obtained from databases of medical journals, PubMed-MEDLINE, Science direct, and Google scholar. Articles using Indonesian and language support English and published in the years 2010-2020, a total of 21 articles were included. The characteristics of the elderly who have more sex differences in osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis, the function of estrogen, testosterone will decrease with age, so that bone density also decreases, and there are some results there are no differences in the characteristics of the elderly such as smoking, body mass index, diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism in osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis, because the results of statistical tests are not significant. . Keywords: o steoporosis, b ody m ass i ndex, s moking, d iabetes, h yperthyroidism Abstrak: Osteoporosis merupakan ketidakmampuan tubuh dalam mengatur mineral yang menyebabkan tulang menjadi mudah rapuh sehingga terjadi perubahan mikroarsitektur pada jaringan. Osteoporosis dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang berkaitan dengan karakteristik lansia seperti, jenis kelamin, Indeks Massa Tubuh, merokok, dan riwayat penyakit sistemik. Penulisan dilakukan dengan literature review yang didapatkan dari databse jurnal kedokteran, PubMed - MEDLINE , Science direct , dan Google scholar . Artikel menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia dan bahsa Inggris serta di publikasikan pada tahun 2010-2020, sebanyak 21 artikel yang disertakan. Karakteristik lansia jenis kelamin lebih mengalami perbedaan pada osteoporosis dan non osteoporosis, fungsi dari estrogen, testosteron akan menurun dengan bertambahnya usia, sehingga kepadatan tulang juga menurun, dan terdapat beberapa hasil tidak ada perbedaan karakteristik lanjut usia seperti merokok, Indeks massa tubuh, diabetes melitus dan hipertiroid pada osteoporosis dan non osteoporosis, dikarenakan hasil uji statistik yang dilakukan tidak signifikan. Kata-kata kunci: osteoporosis, indeks massa tubuh, merokok, diabetes, hipertiroid
The most recommended physical activitiy for hypertension patient is high intensity interval training. The aim of this literature review is to summarize the literatures about the effect of high intensity interval training to maximum oxygen consumption of hypertention patients. The method analizying the literature found in the search results on the medical journal database from Google Scholar and PubMed. These literatures were scrutinized in simultaneous manner as full article in English and published o n 2010-2020 at 20 different pieces. The high intensity interval training can increase the value of maximum oxygen consumption and fitness for daily activities by enhancement person's total pulmonary ventilation, skeletal muscle mass, and oxygen consumption. Twenty literatures state that this training is usefull for hypertension patients because of getting maximal oxygen for oxidation fuel of body metabolism rather than doing other trainings. Keywords: h ypertension, hypertensive, high intensity interval training, maximum oxygen consumption . Abstrak: Aktifitas fisik yang paling direkomendasikan pada penderita hipertensi adalah latihan interval intensitas tinggi. Penulisan literature review ini bertujuan untuk merangkum pengaruh latihan interval intensitas tinggi terhadap konsumsi oksigen maksimal penderita hipertensi. Penulisan ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis literatur terkait yang didapatkan dari hasil pencarian pada database jurnal kedokteran, yaitu Google Scholar dan PubMed. Literatur ini diteliti secara menyeluruh dalam bentuk full article berbahasa Inggris dan dipublikasikan pada tahun 2010-2020 sebanyak 20 literatur. Latihan interval intensitas tinggi dapat meningkatkan nilai konsumsi oksigen maksimal dan kebugaran untuk aktivitas sehari-hari melalui peningkatan ventilasi paru total, massa otot rangka, dan konsumsi oksigen pada seseorang. Dua puluh literatur menyatakan bahwa latihan ini berguna untuk penderita hipertensi karena dapat memperoleh jumlah oksigen maksimal yang dimiliki sebagai bahan bakar oksidasi untuk metabolisme tubuh dibanding melakukan latihan lainnya. Kata-kata kunci: hipertensi, hipertensif, latihan interval intensitas tinggi, konsumsi oksigen maksimal
Breastfeed affected by motivation, education, belief, and age of mothers. Research was conducted at working area of Puskesmas Pekapuran Raya Banjarmasin. Purpose of researched known of correlated breastfeed behaviour between motivation, education, belief, and age. Method of researched by observation analytic with analyse by cross sectional α 20 tahun - 35 tahun. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapatnya hubungan yang signifikan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan motivasi, pendidikan, dan kepercayaan, namun tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan terhadap perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan usia responden. . Kata-kata kunci : motivasi, pendidikan, kepercayaan, usia, perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif.
Among 53 unrelated individuals was found 1 patient with ultrarapid genotype phenotype, 44,3% homozygots extensive metabolisers and 34,8% patients with intermdiate metabolisers genotype.
A cognitive potential called P3 wave was tested as a possible reflection of movement triggering processes. Target and non-target visual stimuli were presented to 14 epileptic patients during the standard visual oddball task. A microswitch button was pressed in response to every target stimulus. The intracerebral EEG signal was obtained from various sites of the brain. Correlation between the P3 peak latency and the SRI was calculated for each site. Two main types of P3 waves were found: A type with no correlation, 79 sites (61%) of all 14 subjects; B type with a statistically significant correlation (p<0.01, r=1), 30 sites (23%) of 9 subjects. The rest of P3 waves revealed an ambiguous degree of correlation. We showed that the peak latency of some P3 waves correlated with the SRI and thus, were temporally linked to the movement onset. We suggest that some neuronal processes represented with the P3 waves are somehow engaged in the movement triggering.
Synchrozation of Electrocorticography activity during response to non-target stimuli in oddball task was studied in epileptic patients. Synchronization phenomenon was found in different brain structures.
Changes of EEG oscillatory activity were studied in epileptic patients. They performed a visual oddball task. Increase and decrease of oscilatory activity as a response to target and frequent stimuli was observed in various brain strucures. Results demonstrate partially different processing of two simple stimuli.
Prefrontal depth-recorded potentials during processing a salient auditory stimulus in humans
The aim of the study was to investigate whether the application of adhesive material on the sensitive tooth surface can change its pain perception. Complete pain suppression was found in 80%, morphological investigation proved good connection between dentine and adhesive material with hybrid layer and obturated dentinal tubules.
Results stress the role of 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonistic activity in the mediation of methamphetamine psychotropic effects in animals and these data can be of great importance for both experimental and clinical studies of potential impact of 5-HT2A/2C antagonists in methamphetamine dependence and even the treatment of methamphetamine withdrawal symptoms.
Cilem experimentu bylo, na modelu izolovaných perfundovanýchjater potkanů popsat vliv standardizovaneho extraktu třezalkyteckovane (LI160) na metabolickou aktivitu CYP2D2.
The aim of the present study was to ascertain the role of serotonin (5-HT) on locomotor/exploratory behaviour in laboratory rats. In the experiments, activity of selected 5-HT receptor subtypes was manipulated by exogenous administration of their ligands. We focused on the evaluation of influence of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B selective receptor ligands, and furthermore non-selective 5-HT2 receptor agents. We used two behavioural tests: staircase test (climbing the stairs and rearing are recorded) and open field test performed by Actitrack apparatus (Panlab, S.L., Spain) that enables recording of wide range of behavioural parameters. In comparison of the influences of all 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2 ligands tested on spontaneous locomotor/exploratory activities of animals there has been shown that the selective 5-HT1A mimetic agent 8-OH-DPAT possesses the most significant inhibitory efficacy.Present results underline the role of 5-HT1A receptor subtype in the mediation of locomotor/exploratory behaviour in animals and such observations should be of significance to experimental and clinical studies of the influence of 5-HT1A agonists upon depressive and anxiety disorders.
The olfactory bulbectomy (OB) in rats provides a well established animal model used for screening of drugs with a potential antidepressant activity. While currently some atypical neuroleptics and antiepileptics of the 3rd generation are reported from clinics to show mood stabilizing /antidepressant properties we studied effects of amisulpride (AMS), an atypical antipsychotic agent aproved at present for the treatment of at least dysthymia, and tiagabine (TGB), belonging to the newer antiepileptics, considering their activity in the OB model. Our second objective was to determine in the OB rat model, whether AMS and TGB influence the leukocyte phagocytic activity as a marker of cellular immune function. Only the results of the behavioural part of experiment resemble the reffered effects of classical antidepressants in the OB rats and indicate the hypothesized antidepressant activity of AMS and TGB in the present study.
Cilem experimentu bylo popsat vliv metamfetaminu v akutnim (dvou davkouvem) a sub-chronickem (sesti davkovem) podani na metabolickou aktivitu CYP2D1/2. Metamfetamin byl aplikovan v davkach 10., 20., 30. a 40. mg/kg.
The antiepileptics of the 3rd generation are currently reported from clinics to show antidepressant effects. Therefore the study investigated one of them, felbamate for its potential anti-depressant activity in an animal model based on agonistic interactions of non-aggressive group-housed male mice with aggressive isolates. After the repeated agonistic interactions the group-housed mice exhibit depressed locomotor/exploratory behaviour in a novel open field arena, which can be disinhibited by clinically used antidepressants (Steinberg H, 1990). In our experiment the group-housed mice responded to felbamate at the doses 60 and 240 mg/kg orally by a significant (p < 0.05) disinhibiton of their suppresed locomotor/exploratory behaviour, thus felbamate produced an antidepresive-like effect, which is in correspondence with clinical reports on a potential antidepressant action of felbamate.
The study investigated the effect of selective 5-HT1A receptor ligand agonist on paired social interactions in singly-housed male mice with non-aggressive group-housed partners which is known as a model of agonistic behaviour. From our results, there is the evidence that selective agonistic manipulation with 5-HT1A receptor subtype possesses marked antiaggressive and less pronounced anxiolytic activity.
The study show opposite effects of A2 receptor agonits (CGS21680) and antagonist (caffeine) on agonistic behaviour in mice while analysing changes of sociable, defensive-escape, aggressive and locomotor behavioural categories. The results confirmed a neuromodulatory role oof this receptor in regulation of social behaviour.
