AIM:To compare the abrasive wear of reused rotary cutting diamond instruments and tungsten carbide burs used for tooth preparation, through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) based morphological evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty teeth samples were divided into five groups, with four groups (Group A, B, C, D) prepared using diamond rotary cutting instruments from different manufacturers and one group (Group AC) prepared with tungsten carbide burs. It was further subdivided into a number of tooth preparations for porcelain-fused-metal restorations. The rotary cutting instruments were reused five times, and each time before reuse, they were evaluated for surface roughness under ×45 magnification SEM. The rotary instruments were evaluated along the length at 2 and 4 mm from the tip under ×45 magnification. The data on abrasive were recorded and statistically analysed with ANOVA One-way and Tukey Honest Significant Difference (HSD) mean differences. RESULTS:The mean abrasive wear varied with the height of the rotary cutting instrument, with values ranging from 0.85 to 1.26 mm at 2 mm height and 1.01 to 1.22 mm at 4 mm height. One-way ANOVA displayed statistically significant differences between groups at both heights of 2 mm (F (5,24) = 8.998, P = 0.001) and 4 mm (F (4,25) = 4.311, P = 0.01). Post hoc analysis expressed that most pairwise comparisons were not significant, except for certain differences involving group AC ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSION:The reused rotary cutting diamond instruments had decreased abrasive wear than tungsten carbide burs.
Introduction: Class II Division 2 malocclusion requires precise torque control due to retroclined maxillary incisors. This study evaluates the biomechanical efficiency of attachment designs in clear aligner therapy using 3D finite element analysis (FEA). Methods: A digital FEM model of the maxilla was reconstructed from CBCT data. Three attachment geometries—labial horizontal attachments (LHA), palatal horizontal attachments with labial power ridges (PHALPR), and labial-palatal reciprocal power ridges (LPRPR)—were analyzed under controlled torque simulations. Results: LPRPR showed the greatest displacement (0.1418 mm) and stress (384.89 MPa), followed by PHALPR and LHA. Lateral incisors exhibited higher stress concentrations than central incisors. Conclusions: Attachment geometry significantly influences torque expression in aligner therapy. The LPRPR design provided superior control, offering enhanced biomechanical performance in Class II Division 2 cases.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare salivary Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) levels in periodontally healthy individuals and patients across different stages of periodontitis, and to assess its potential role as a biomarker for disease progression. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving three groups: periodontally healthy individuals (n = 30), patients with stage I–II periodontitis (n = 30), and patients with stage III–IV periodontitis (n = 30). Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from all participants. Salivary LXA4 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Intergroup comparisons were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc testing to identify significant differences among groups. Results: Salivary LXA4 levels were significantly higher in periodontally healthy individuals compared to those with periodontitis. A progressive decrease in LXA4 levels was observed with increasing severity of periodontal disease, with the lowest levels detected in stage III–IV periodontitis patients. Conclusions: Salivary Lipoxin A4 levels decrease with the progression of periodontitis, reflecting impaired resolution of inflammation. LXA4 may serve as a promising non-invasive biomarker for distinguishing periodontal health and assessing disease severity, with potential implications for early diagnosis and monitoring.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare cytological changes in the periodontal pocket/gingival sulcus epithelium of individuals with and without type II diabetes mellitus for early detection of periodontitis. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted including three groups: periodontally and systemically healthy individuals, systemically healthy periodontitis patients, and periodontitis patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Pocket epithelium samples were collected from sites with the deepest probing depth and bleeding on probing in periodontitis patients. Samples were stained using the Papanicolaou method and analyzed for nuclear abnormalities including micronucleation, condensed chromatin, nuclear buds, nuclear extensions, pyknotic nuclei, karyolysis, and other apoptotic changes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: A significant difference in cells with pyknotic nuclei was observed between diabetic periodontitis and non-diabetic periodontitis groups. Binucleated cells showed significant differences between healthy individuals and diabetic periodontitis patients. Periodontitis groups demonstrated a significant increase in apoptotic markers such as karyorrhexis, pyknosis, and condensed chromatin compared to healthy controls. The presence of diabetes further amplified these cytological alterations. Conclusions: Exfoliative cytology is a simple, non-invasive, and effective technique for detecting cellular changes associated with periodontitis. The presence of diabetes mellitus enhances nuclear abnormalities, indicating its potential role in early detection and prognosis assessment of periodontal disease. This method may serve as a valuable screening tool in both clinical and community settings.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the antibacterial efficacy of virgin coconut oil (VCO) and 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash against Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Methods: An in vitro experimental study was conducted over a period of two months. P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277) was cultured, and antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method and broth microdilution technique to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Study groups included VCO (experimental), 0.2% CHX (positive control), and a negative control. Optical density was measured at 600 nm. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U test, and Spearman’s correlation. Results: Both CHX and VCO exhibited antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis. The MIC values were 2.56 μg/mL for CHX and 1% for VCO. CHX demonstrated slightly higher efficacy; however, VCO showed significant antibacterial activity at 1% concentration. Statistical analysis indicated a dose-dependent inhibition, with no significant difference between groups at individual dilutions (p = 1.0). Conclusions: Virgin coconut oil demonstrated promising antibacterial activity comparable to chlorhexidine against Porphyromonas gingivalis. It may serve as a natural adjunct or alternative in periodontal therapy due to its biocompatibility and minimal side effects. Further in vivo studies are recommended to validate its clinical applicability.
Background: Three-dimensional shape of the teeth, missing dentition, pattern of smile lines, and various morphological developmental anomalies make the whole dentition unique for each individual. In the absence of ante-mortem clinical dental data, non-clinical digital smile photographs with visible dentition sourced from social network sites or next of kin may serve as an important tool for forensic dental identification. Methods: In this paper, we present a semi-automated method of forensic identification of humans that uses deep learning for extraction of visible dentition from smile photographs. A novel semi-quantitative method was developed for comparing these photographs over digital dental casts using computerised superimposition and metric analysis of six unique dental landmarks. The proposed method was validated using a paired dataset containing fifty 2D- smile photographs captured using a digital camera (simulated antemortem data) and fifty 3D-digital dental casts (simulated postmortem data). Results: Among all the unique features, we found that the smile line in a digital photograph of an individual aligns with the visible anterior dentition in 3D-digital dental casts without statistically significant inter-arch mismatch. Conclusion: Hence we propose a method indicating the utilisation of smile photographs as a strong forensic identifier when combined with machine learning, computerised superimposition and semi-quantitative metric analysis of interarch distances.”
Objectives: This review aimed to explore the emerging role and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in paediatric dentistry, focusing on its potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, optimize treatment planning, and improve the overall patient experience in children. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies utilizing machine learning and deep learning techniques in paediatric dental care. Key areas reviewed included AI applications in caries detection, enamel defect identification, radiographic analysis, malocclusion prediction, and behaviour management. The role of AI in clinical workflows, including documentation, triage, tele-dentistry, and administrative automation, was also examined. Results: AI technologies, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and other deep learning models, have demonstrated high accuracy in detecting early carious lesions and enamel defects from bitewing radiographs and intraoral images. Advanced segmentation models have improved interpretation of CBCT and panoramic imaging, while predictive algorithms have shown promise in early malocclusion screening and treatment timing. Additionally, AI-driven tools support personalized treatment planning based on individual risk profiles and enhance patient engagement through interactive technologies such as virtual reality for anxiety management. Administrative applications, including scheduling and resource optimization, further streamline paediatric dental practice. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence is transforming paediatric dentistry by integrating data-driven precision into clinical decision-making and patient care. Its applications extend beyond diagnostics to include treatment planning, patient management, and workflow optimization. Continued advancements and integration of AI technologies hold significant promise for improving clinical outcomes, enhancing patient experiences, and shaping the future of paediatric dental practice.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the cytocompatibility and biodegradation characteristics of three commercially available resorbable collagen membranes used in guided tissue regeneration. Methods: An in-vitro study was conducted using L929 mouse fibroblast cells cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium supplemented with antibiotics and fetal bovine serum. Cytocompatibility was assessed using the alamarBlue® cell viability assay, with fluorescence measured at excitation 530–560 nm and emission 590 nm. Biodegradation was evaluated using the Bradford assay following incubation of membranes in trypsin-EDTA solution, with protein release quantified spectrophotometrically. The membranes tested were Cologide, Healiguide, and Surgicoll. Statistical analysis was performed to determine intergroup differences. Results: All tested membranes demonstrated good cytocompatibility. Surgicoll showed the highest cell viability (97.92%), followed by Healiguide (92.80%) and Cologide (90.69%). Biodegradation analysis revealed that Cologide exhibited the fastest degradation rate, while Surgicoll showed comparatively slower degradation. The differences observed among the groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Among the tested membranes, Surgicoll demonstrated superior cytocompatibility, whereas Cologide exhibited faster biodegradation. These variations may be attributed to differences in structural properties such as thickness, porosity, and fiber architecture. The findings highlight the importance of appropriate membrane selection based on clinical requirements in periodontal regenerative procedures.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm efficacy of phytofabricated magnetic iron nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis, a key pathogen implicated in persistent endodontic infections. Methods: Methanol-water solvent extraction of Murraya koenigii was performed and utilized for the phytofabrication of iron nanoparticles using iron (III) chloride under controlled conditions. Nanoparticle formation was confirmed using UV–Vis spectroscopy and further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine structural properties and particle size. Antibiofilm activity against mature E. faecalis biofilms was assessed using crystal violet assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Statistical analysis was performed to validate the findings. Results: Successful phytofabrication of iron nanoparticles was indicated by the formation of a dark black-colored solution. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed nanoparticle synthesis, while XRD analysis revealed crystalline nanoparticles with an average particle size of 19 nm. Crystal violet assay demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation, with a maximum suppression of 76% at 1000 μg/ml (p < 0.001). CLSM analysis showed a significant reduction in microbial load and biofilm thickness from 15 μm to 3.5 μm following nanoparticle treatment. Conclusions: Green-synthesized iron nanoparticles derived from Murraya koenigii exhibit significant antibiofilm activity against Enterococcus faecalis. Their eco-friendly synthesis and potent biofilm disruption highlight their potential as an adjunctive strategy for root canal disinfection and management of persistent endodontic infections. Further in vivo studies are warranted to establish clinical applicability.
Objectives: This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of mint, Aloe vera, and henna plant extracts against Candida albicans on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic resin. Methods Mint leaves, Aloe vera, and henna leaves were processed into fine powders and dried. Heat-cured PMMA acrylic resin specimens were fabricated and divided into four groups: distilled water (control), Aloe vera extract, mint extract, and henna extract. Each specimen was inoculated with Candida albicans and seeded onto Sabouraud dextrose agar plates. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by evaluating Candida survival across groups. Results Both mint and Aloe vera extracts demonstrated significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans, showing a marked reduction in microbial survival compared to the control group. Mint extract exhibited the highest efficacy, followed by Aloe vera, while henna extract showed the least antifungal activity among the tested groups. All experimental groups showed statistically significant differences when compared to distilled water. Conclusions Plant-based extracts, particularly mint and Aloe vera, exhibit promising antifungal properties against Candida albicans on acrylic surfaces. Increasing extract concentration may enhance antimicrobial efficacy through greater release of active compounds. These natural agents have potential applications in denture care products as cost-effective and biocompatible alternatives for the prevention and management of oral candidiasis.
Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity is a common problem occurring in majority of the elderly population, due to carious or non-carious loss of tooth structure. Commercially available remineralising agents replenish and restore only the superficial inorganic mineral phase of these lesions, without stabilizing the organic collagen network. Hence, the proposed study focusses on developing a strontium-based flurorophosphate glass (SrFPG) incorporated with phytosphingosine (PHS) for rejuvenation of the lost minerals as well as organic collagen matrix for dental remineralisation. Furthermore, it will also synergistically promote adhesion, and improve the antibacterial activity, providing wholistic and long-lasting treatment for hypersensitivity. Aim: To develop a strontium-based fluorophosphate (SrFPG) glass incorporated with Phytosphingosine for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Methodology: 6.5% PHS was incorporated with 6% SrFPG in varying proportions and characterized. Antimicrobial activity of the material was assessed against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Teeth specimens (N=104) were subjected to de-mineralisation procedure by immersing in an acidic medium for 48 h. Microhardness (n=50) and collagen stabilization (n=54) of the specimens before and after the treatment was analysed using Vickers microhardness tester and hydroxyproline assay respectively. Results: XRD revealed the presence of crystalline hydroxyapatite and FTIR confirmed the presence of apatite calcium phosphate and fluorapatite layers. The highest antibacterial efficacy was observed in the PHS group against Streptococcus mutans and Staphlycoccus aureus. The microhardness value increased in all the samples treated with SrFPG-PHS combination, this increase being directly proportional to the concentration of SrFPG. The collagen concentration in the SrFPG-PHS group was comparable to that of the PHS group and significantly higher than that of the other groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, SrFPG- PHS proves to be a promising collagen-mediated biomineralization material which can facilitate intra and interfibrillar apatite deposition that can provide long term treatment for dentine hypersensitivity.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception of medical undergraduate students regarding the association between periodontal disease and systemic diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among interns and clinical undergraduate students from medical colleges across Kerala using a prevalidated questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. The questionnaire comprised 33 items assessing knowledge, attitude, perception, practices, and barriers. Knowledge scores were graded as poor (<50%), moderate (50–75%), and good (>75%). Ethical clearance was obtained prior to the study. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results: A total of 273 students participated, with a mean age of 24.45 ± 3.84 years. The majority (83.1%) reported no prior training or lectures on periodontal disease. While participants demonstrated overall good knowledge and a positive attitude toward the periodontal–systemic link, clinical practices were suboptimal. Few students reported routinely discussing oral health with patients, educating them about systemic implications, or referring patients with periodontal signs to dental professionals. More than half (52.4%) identified lack of knowledge or training as the primary barrier, and 42.2% expressed a preference for additional training. Conclusions: Despite adequate awareness and positive attitudes, there exists a gap between knowledge and clinical practice among medical students regarding periodontal–systemic health. Strengthening interdisciplinary education and increasing awareness through targeted training programs may enhance early detection, appropriate referrals, and collaborative patient care.
Objectives: This review aimed to evaluate recent advances in behaviour guidance techniques in paediatric dentistry, integrating traditional methods with emerging technologies and innovative approaches to enhance child cooperation and clinical outcomes. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted focusing on both conventional and contemporary behaviour management strategies. Traditional techniques such as Tell-Show-Do, voice control, and positive reinforcement were compared with newer non-pharmacological interventions, including virtual reality distraction, audiovisual aids, cognitive-behavioural approaches, and artificial intelligence-based behaviour prediction tools. Additional emphasis was placed on parental involvement, cultural considerations, and management strategies for neurodivergent children. Results: Traditional behaviour guidance techniques remain fundamental in paediatric dentistry; however, emerging technologies have significantly enhanced their effectiveness. Virtual reality and audiovisual distraction methods have demonstrated improved anxiety reduction and patient cooperation. Cognitive-behavioural strategies provide structured psychological support, while AI-based tools show promise in predicting child behaviour and tailoring individualized management approaches. Increased parental involvement and culturally sensitive adaptations further contribute to improved acceptance and treatment outcomes, particularly in children with special healthcare needs. Conclusions: Behaviour guidance in paediatric dentistry is evolving toward a more holistic, patient-centred approach that integrates traditional principles with technological innovations. The incorporation of evidence-based modern techniques can significantly improve the dental experience for children, reduce anxiety, and optimize clinical efficiency. Future research should focus on standardizing these approaches and evaluating their long-term effectiveness across diverse populations.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the antibacterial efficacy of 7-0 polypropylene microsutures coated with nanocurcumin and povidone iodine against Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Methods: Polypropylene microsutures were coated with nanocurcumin using a slurry dipping technique and with povidone iodine using a dip-coating method. Antibacterial activity was assessed on Brucella blood agar using the agar well diffusion method. Porphyromonas gingivalis cultures were inoculated, and zones of inhibition were measured after 48 hours of incubation. Tetracycline was used as the positive control for comparison. Results: Both nanocurcumin- and povidone iodine-coated sutures exhibited antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis. Povidone iodine-coated sutures demonstrated a larger zone of inhibition (3 mm) compared to nanocurcumin-coated sutures (2 mm), indicating relatively higher antibacterial efficacy. Conclusions: Coating microsutures with antimicrobial agents such as nanocurcumin and povidone iodine effectively reduces bacterial growth. Povidone iodine showed slightly superior antibacterial activity compared to nanocurcumin. These findings suggest that antibacterial-coated sutures may help reduce surgical site infections and improve healing outcomes, although further in vivo studies are required to establish long-term clinical effectiveness.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and diode laser-assisted periodontal flap microsurgery in diabetic individuals, based on clinical parameters and microbiological changes using RT-PCR. Methods: A split-mouth prospective study was conducted on 75 sites from 25 patients with moderately severe chronic periodontitis (probing depth 5–8 mm) and moderately controlled type II diabetes mellitus (HbA1c 7–8%) diagnosed with Stage II Grade B periodontitis. Sites were randomly allocated into three groups: Group A (Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted flap surgery, n=25), Group B (diode laser-assisted flap surgery, n=25), and Group C (conventional flap surgery, control, n=25). Microsurgical flap procedures were performed with adjunctive laser therapy on inner and outer flap surfaces. Clinical parameters assessed included relative attachment level (RAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and wound healing index at specified intervals up to 6 months. Microbiological evaluation included total microbial count and PCR-based quantification of Porphyromonas gingivalis at baseline and 3 months. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v21 with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Group B showed a significant reduction in plaque index (1.4600 ± 0.22546 to 0.4528 ± 0.17377; p=0.000). Group A demonstrated a marked reduction in gingival index (1.4880 ± 0.24718 to 0.3640 ± 0.14967; p=0.000). Significant improvements in probing pocket depth were observed across all groups. RAL improved significantly (7.4000 ± 0.81650 to 5.4400 ± 0.65064; p=0.000). BOP scores showed statistically significant intergroup differences (p=0.031). Pain reduction (VAS) was significantly better in laser groups compared to control (p<0.001). PCR analysis revealed significantly higher Ct values at 3 months in Group A, indicating greater reduction in P. gingivalis. Conclusions: Periodontitis modified by type 2 diabetes mellitus can be effectively managed using minimally invasive microsurgical flap techniques with adjunctive laser therapy. Both Er,Cr:YSGG and diode lasers demonstrated superior clinical and microbiological outcomes, including reduced inflammation, enhanced wound healing, decreased microbial load, and improved patient comfort.
Objectives: This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of three commercially available probiotic formulations against key oral pathogens associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. Methods: An in-vitro study was conducted to assess the antimicrobial activity of Darolac (2.0 mg), Bifilac (0.5 mg), and Econorm (250 mg) against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277). Probiotic suspensions were prepared in MRS broth, enzyme-treated, and filtered. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using broth microdilution, with optical density measured at 630 nm. Streptomycin and ampicillin were used as positive controls. Statistical analysis was performed to compare intergroup differences. Results: All probiotic formulations demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both test organisms. Econorm exhibited the largest zones of inhibition and the lowest MIC values against S. mutans and P. gingivalis (p < 0.05). Darolac showed comparatively greater efficacy against P. gingivalis, whereas Econorm was more effective against S. mutans. Bifilac demonstrated relatively lower antimicrobial activity compared to the other formulations. Conclusions: Among the tested probiotic formulations, Econorm showed the highest antimicrobial efficacy, followed by Darolac and Bifilac. The superior performance of Econorm may be attributed to the presence of Saccharomyces boulardii, which exhibits strong adaptability and inhibitory effects against oral pathogens. Probiotic-based oral rinses may serve as promising adjuncts in periodontal therapy; however, further in vivo studies are required to validate these findings.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the oral microbiome in patients with Stage III periodontitis before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and advanced bioinformatic analysis. Methods: Subgingival plaque samples were collected from patients diagnosed with Stage III periodontitis at baseline and 4 weeks following non-surgical periodontal therapy. Microbial DNA was extracted and subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Comprehensive bioinformatic pipelines were employed for taxonomic profiling and functional gene analysis, enabling detailed characterization of microbial composition and shifts over time. Results: Non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in a significant reduction in key periodontopathic microorganisms. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing facilitated the detection of low-abundance and previously unculturable microbial species, including several novel taxa. Post-therapy samples demonstrated a shift toward a more balanced microbial community, with decreased pathogenic anaerobes and relative enrichment of commensal species. Conclusions: Shotgun metagenomics provides superior taxonomic resolution and functional insights compared to conventional 16S rRNA sequencing. The observed microbial shifts following non-surgical periodontal therapy support the ecological plaque hypothesis and highlight the potential of metagenomic approaches in identifying biomarkers and monitoring disease progression. This approach offers promising applications in personalized periodontal diagnostics and treatment strategies.
Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-based software for accurate prediction and correction of vertical angulation errors in intraoral periapical radiography, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and imaging efficiency. Methods: This study employed a two-phase approach. In the development phase, a dataset of intraoral periapical radiographs with a radiopaque marker placed at varying vertical angulations was collected. Angulation errors were calculated and used to train a custom AI model for error prediction. In the validation phase, the trained AI software analyzed a new set of radiographs, and its predictions were compared with a gold standard reference radiograph obtained using a position indicating device (PID). Statistical analysis was performed to assess the correlation and agreement between AI predictions and PID-based measurements. Results: The AI model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting vertical angulation errors. A strong correlation was observed between AI-predicted values and PID-based measurements, indicating reliable performance. The model showed potential to achieve precision comparable to, or exceeding, conventional methods, while offering advantages in speed and automation. Conclusions: The developed AI-based system represents a promising advancement in dental radiography by enabling real-time detection and correction of angulation errors. Its implementation in clinical practice could reduce the need for repeat exposures, minimize patient radiation dose, and enhance workflow efficiency. This technology has the potential to establish an automated standard for optimizing radiographic quality and improving diagnostic outcomes.
Objectives: This study aimed to fabricate and evaluate the antibacterial properties of Vicryl surgical sutures coated with green-synthesized chitosan nanoparticles using Mimosa pudica extract. Methods: Methanolic extract of Mimosa pudica leaves was prepared and used for phytosynthesis of chitosan nanoparticles. Chitosan was mixed with acetic acid, centrifuged, and processed to obtain nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were coated onto Vicryl sutures using an immobilization technique via slurry dipping. Antibacterial efficacy of the coated sutures was evaluated using the disk diffusion method and compared with uncoated sutures. Results: Chitosan nanoparticles were successfully synthesized and effectively coated onto surgical sutures. The nanoparticle-coated sutures demonstrated significant antibacterial activity compared to uncoated sutures, indicating enhanced inhibition of microbial growth. Conclusions: Green-synthesized chitosan nanoparticle-coated sutures show promising antibacterial properties and may serve as an effective strategy to reduce postoperative wound infections. Their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and eco-friendly synthesis make them a potential alternative in surgical applications, although further in vivo studies are needed to confirm clinical efficacy.
