Journal Article Atrial Natriuretic Factor Get access ZAID A ABASSl ZAID A ABASSl Bethesda, MD, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 12, December 1993, Pages 2287–2288, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.12.2287 Published: 01 December 1993
Number of alpha-2-adrenoceptors on the thrombocyte membranes was measured with selective antagonists [H]3 yohimbine in 25 patients with ischemic heart disease (7 patients with unstable 12 with vasospastic and 6 with new onset angina pectoris) and in 16 patients without ischemic heart disease and coronary atherosclerosis (control group). The number of alpha-2-adrenoceptors in patients with unstable angina pectoris (571.0 +/- 92.9) was proved to exceed significantly that in patients with vasospastic (237.9 +/- 30.0) or new onset angina (126.2 +/- 19.3) and in the control group (200.0 +/- 22.5). The number of adrenoceptors tended to decrease during myocardial ischemia.
Late potentials (high-frequency oscillation of the initial part of ST-segment) reflect decelerated ventricular depolarization and predispose onset of reentry arrhythmias. Investigators are keenly interested in their possible exact registration. The article describes the experience of realization of late potentials registration method based on the method of Simson et al, with the use of a USSR-produced electronic apparatus. The first experience of clinical application of the late potentials registration method in patients with IHD is analysed. Presence of late potentials is correlated with spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias and possible disturbances of left ventricular contractility. The obtained data as well as analysis of technical possibilities of the developed system allow evaluation of the proposed technique as acceptable for late potentials registration.
The effect of several synthetic FMRF-like peptides in hemodynamics and tonus of isolated rat vessels was studied. Peptide pGlu-Aps-Pro-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 and its C-terminal fragment Arg-Phe-NH2 induced i.v. short-term increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate in narcotized rats. Benzpgexonium could reduce both effects of the drug. The peptide effect on blood pressure could be neutralized by prazosin; tachycardia could be prevented by propranolol. The studied peptide and its C-end tetra-, penta- and dipeptide produced relaxation of isolated rat aorta toned by prostaglandin F2 alpha. It is supposed that hypertensive effect of FMRF-like peptides is realized through central mechanisms.
Allapinin after i.v. bolus infusion in a dose of 30 mg is relatively quickly eliminated from blood (in patients without congestive heart failure half-elimination period is 2.4 +/- 0.5 h and clearance is 79.0 +/- 8.9 l/h) which makes a good reason for its intravenous infusion according to the scheme "load dose + drop infusion". Marked heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction compared to patients without heart failure results in reduced elimination rate, decreased clearance, significantly increased plasma allapinin concentration which should be taken in account when choosing the regime of drug infusion. The elimination of allapinin is mainly metabolic and not renal (only about 17% of the drug is excreted with urine).
Results are reviewed of the studies concerning genetics of hypertension. Evidence is provided for its genetic determination of the disease and biochemical control of blood pressure by the renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system. Approaches to the therapy and prevention of hypertension are proposed on the basis of own clinical and population studies. The methods are discussed to study genetics of hypertension using genetic markers.
The influence of acute volume-salt loading on renal excretory function and hemodynamics was studied in urethane-anesthetized and conscious immobilized, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats on osmotic diuresis. The SHR have been shown to response to the intravenous sodium chloride load with exaggerated natriuresis as compared with the WKY group. The increase in natriuresis in the SHR did not depend on diuresis changes but was due to the increased urinary sodium concentration. Blood pressure changes after sodium chloride load were greater in the WKY than in the SHR group, which may be associated with restricted responsiveness of the cardiovascular system in the SHR.
To study the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the determination of heart morphology and function, 47 patients with malignant arterial hypertension (MAH) were examined. The images of the both ventricles, ventricular septum (VS), left ventricular (LV) apex and posterior wall (LVPW), aortic root and left atrium were studied. In all the patients, symmetric LV hypertrophy was found and the thickness of LVPW was 1.46 cm, IVS, 1.53 cm. The heart chambers were not enlarged. The diameter of aortic root was 3.36 cm. There was a close correlation between LV hypertrophy and blood pressure. We conclude that the development of LV hypertrophy in MAH is not merely a compensatory process response to high blood pressure.
Combination of chronic salt loading with protein-poor diet produces experimental hypertension with natrium consumption near to physiological. The present model is characterized, compared to the existing one, by stage development, moderate arterial blood pressure elevation and absence of "salt toxicosis" and may be thus considered more adequate for experimental investigation of primary arterial hypertension pathophysiology.
33 patients with alcoholic heart damage (AHD) were studied. The diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms of chronic alcoholism, roentgenocontrast coronaroangiography and ventriculography (in some cases with endomyocardial biopsy), echocardiography, bicycle exercise test and on exclusion of other cardiovascular diseases. In all the patients intracardiac electrophysiological study was performed. Younger persons systematically abusing alcohol and having no pronounced clinical picture of cardiovascular damage exhibited symptoms of functional conduction disturbances located mainly in ventricular conduction pathways and AV-node and more rarely in the sinus node and His-Purkinje's system. AHD in younger persons could have 2 different clinical courses. 1) with prevailing damage in conductive structures; 2) with prevailing damage of contractile myocardium.
Combination of isolated blood ultrafiltration (IBUF) and hemosorption (HS) produced subcompensation of severe congestive heart failure (CHF) in 10 of 14 patients refractory of IBUF alone and to drug therapy. HS included in the therapy complex was the only way to correct secondary hyperaldosteronism, to reduce antidiuretic hormone blood level, to increase diuresis and natriuresis and to reduce kaliuresis as well as to normalize blood electrolyte level. The withdrawal of excessive water with IBUF and bilirubin and creatinine with HS as well as direct detoxication effect on the liver with HS reduced in most patients hyperbilirubinemia, hypoproteinemia and azotemia--aggravating factors in patients with CHF.
The aim of the study was to develop a compact questionnaire for analysis of the psychological status of patients who had survived a myocardial infarction (MI) meant for physicians with no special psychology or psychiatry training. For this purpose of 185 questions selected by expert method on the data of 236 cases of MI using the program of stepped discriminant analysis, 37 most informative questions were chosen. These questions allowed determination of the general response to MI (adequate or neurotic) as well as of the degree of overestimation or negation of the disease and the degree of anxious-depressive syndrome. On the basis of the obtained data a method of psychologic express diagnosis (PED) for assessment of the named variables was developed. PED is aimed at wide practical use for psychological screening of patients who had survived a MI.
184 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) were studied. 63 of them had essential hypertension, 49 had renovascular hypertension, 27 had Leriche's syndrome, 38 had aortal aneurysms and 7 had coarctation of aorta. MR-tomography (MRT) gave satisfactory enough findings in diagnosis of vascular pathology in patients with essential hypertension as well as in those with symptomatic hypertensions of vascular origin. Criteria for assessment of vessels state and symptoms of various types of vascular pathology, such as stenosis and aorta aneurysm, were developed. In essential hypertension MRT may show early aortic alterations and dependence of their degree on duration and severity of the disease. The method makes it possible to assess the state of inner organs simultaneously with the investigation of the vessels which is of great importance for the patients to whom surgical treatment is recommended.
In 22 patients with spontaneous angina pectoris, diagnostic value of 24-hour ECG monitoring for cardiac rhythm disturbances registration was compared to that of cold test (CT) and hyperventilation test (HVT). Ventricular extrasystoles or paroxysmal tachycardia during anginal attack (either spontaneous or induced) was registered in 40.9% of patients. 24-hour ECG monitoring proved to be the most valuable method for determination of the anginal attack character and connected with it's rhythm disturbances. Combination with CT and HVT increases occurrence of angiospastic angina pectoris and cardiac rhythm disturbances determination during myocardial ischemia. Repeated HVT in 14 patients using calcium antagonists (diltiazem, nifedipine) induced no coronary spasm.
