107 parous women wearing Szontágh-type IUDs were treated with either etamsylate or placebo tablets by a double-blind technique with random allocation. The length of the cycles, the duration of menstrual bleeding and the amount of bleeding were analyzed. Etamsylate treatment favourably influenced menstrual bleeding in IUD users. In the etamsylate group, the number of "bleeding days' and the amount of menstrual flow were significantly less than in the placebo group.
In 101 hypertensive gravidae the selective beta-blocking agent metoprolol alone or in combination with hydralazine has been used. The effects of the mother and fetus have been compared with those of 97 hypertensive gravidae treated with hydralazine. In both groups a small dose of a thiazide was added. Perinatal mortality was lower in the metoprolol group (2.0%) than in the hydralazine group (8.0%). The rate of fetal growth retardations also was lower when using metoprolol (11.7 and 16.3% respectively). No abnormal effects of the beta-blocker was noticed on the fetus.
Research Articles| March 18 2010 Abortifacient Effect of Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices? Subject Area: Further Areas , Women's and Children's Health P.J. Keller; P.J. Keller Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Zürich, Zürich Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E. Soyka E. Soyka Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Zürich, Zürich Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Gynecol Obstet Invest (1978) 9 (4): 219–221. https://doi.org/10.1159/000300987 Article history Received: November 30 1978 Accepted: January 17 1979 Published Online: March 18 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P.J. Keller, E. Soyka; Abortifacient Effect of Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices?. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1 April 1978; 9 (4): 219–221. https://doi.org/10.1159/000300987 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsGynecologic and Obstetric Investigation Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal 1978Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
The systemic absorption and the plasma concentrations of chloroquinaldol have been determined after local application of one vaginal tablet of Sterosan. A peak plasma concentration of 33 ng/ml was determined 12 h after application. A mean absorption of 6.0% of the applied dose was estimated.
As important discrepancies in blood concentrations of LH-RH remain, the basic problem of the specificity of the radioimmunoassay was reinvestigated using an antiserum raised against a new conjugate (33). Cross-reactions with related and unrelated peptides were studied in both charcoal-dextran and second antibody methods of separation. The possible relation between the nature of the conjugate and the specificity is discussed.
The lecithin content of 157 amniotic fluid samples taken from 60 patients who had been treated with Fenoterol over a long period of time (longer than 30 mg/daily per os for 14 days; intravenous infusion for longer than 7 days) was calculated thin-layer chromatographically according to Kynast and Saling. These lecithin levels were statistically compared with the levels in a control (Wilcoxon test). It emerged that the lecithin levels in the long-term beta-mimetic therapy group were significantly lower, i.e., from 33/0 to 39/6 (33/0-34/6, p less than 0.05; 35/0-39/6, p less than 0.01). The answer to the question how often levels occur in the long-term group which are below the as critical described level of 3 mg Lec/100 ml amniotic fluid appears to be clinically important. It is shown that values below the critical level from 33/0 to 39/6 are much more frequent in the long-term beta-mimetics therapy group than in the control group. There is no known explanation for this. It was concluded that the application of beta-mimetics in cases of long-term tocolysis should only be discontinued when the lecithin content of the amniotic fluid lies above the critical limit of 3 mg Lec/100 ml.
To acertain whether human placental lactogen (HPL) functions as a luteotropin during pregnancy in humans, studies were performed to determine if receptors for HPL are present in cells of the human corpus luteum of late pregnancy. Preparations of 125I-HPL which demonstrated specific binding to late pregnant rabbit mammary gland cell homogenates showed specific binding of less than 2.5% to homogenates of human corpora lutea of late pregnancy. These studies indicate that HPL is not luteotropic at this stage of pregnancy in humans. The action of HPL upon the corpus luteum appears to vary considerably according to species.
Comparison of standard curves with different concentrations of human plasma in the medium of incubation is presented. It appears that Bo varies with the dilution although the ratio B/Bo is independent of the dilution. This last observation was used to research 'endogenous' LH-RH in four menstrual cycles, in postmenopausal women and in men. The validity of the dosage is discussed in a more general way in the light of the results published in the literature.
Secretion of progesterone and 20α-dihydroprogesterone by dispersed rat luteal cells was studied as a function of the age of the corpora lutea from which the cells were derived and the gonadotropic hormone content of the perifusion medium employed. Progesterone secretion by luteal cells gradually declined during 5-h perifusion under conditions simulating tonic in vivo PRL-LH levels. Initial rates of progesterone secretion from cells obtained from the 5th and 8th days of pregnancy were double that from the 2nd day. Supplementation of tonic gonadotropin levels with a simulated PRL surge maintained initial progesterone secretion by day 5 cells. PRL withdrawal markedly reduced progesterone secretion, while supplemental LH was ineffective. Conversely, progesterone secretion from day 8 cells could be maintained undiminished with supplemental LH, but PRL was ineffective. Total deprivation of LH from day 8 cells resulted in acute decline of progesterone secretion. Luteal cell density of the corpora lutea increased to a maximum on the 5th day of pregnancy, which was 1.4 times that observed on the 2nd day. Beyond the 5th day, luteal cell density remained constant until the 9th day and decreased thereafter. These changes in gonadotropic response and luteal cell density seem to account accurately for changes seen in peripheral plasma progesterone levels observed during early pregnancy and further define a qualitative transition in the luteotropic mechanism occurring between days 5–8 of pregnancy, paralleling observations made in vivo.
An attempt of granulosa cell tumor (GCT) induction by prolonged administration of exogenous pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to young, mature, and middle-aged Balb-C mice resulted mainly in stromal luteal cell proliferation. 48.9% of young mice, 64.5% of mature mice and 65% of middle-aged mice developed luteal cell proliferation. This effect seemed to be dependent on duration of treatment, mainly in young mice. Young mice injected for less than 6 months developed significantly less luteal cell proliferation than those injected for more than 6 months. Only 1 GCT was found. This study seems to support the contention that besides gonadotropin stimulation, other factors may be involved in GCT development. A large number of PMSG-injected mice developed generalized lymphosarcoma, the mechanism of which remains unknown.
The supine hypertensive or 'roll-over' test (ROT) was performed serially in 24 primigravid patients between 27 and 35 weeks of gestational age. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) developed in 3 women (12.5%). Test producibility one week to the next in the same patient was poor. A false-positive ROT was noted for 83% of our patients a false-negative test for 12.5%. We conclude that serial testing reveals marked variations in response that reflect inherent biologic fluctuations that limit the predictive value of the ROT for screening outpatients.
Late deceleration of the fetal heart rate (FHR) is a sign of severe fetal asphyxia, but is also seen occasionally when the fetus is neither acidotic nor hypoxic. In a search for other possible causes we postulated that with partial occlusion of the umbilical cord during uterine contractions, the low pressure venous flow would be reduced before changes in arterial flow. This would result in the accumulation of fetal blood in the placenta. Release of the partial occlusion after the contraction would be followed by an increase in venous return and brodycardia from parasympathetic stimulation. Catheters & electrodes were inserted into 12 fetal baboons, mean gestational age 153 days & an occluding device was placed round the intra-abdominol portion of the UV. After 2 hours recovery (fetal pHa 7.36 ± 0.004 and SaO2 62 ± 2.3%) water was gradually injected into the cuff in a volume previously shown to partially occlude the UV. With partial occlusion, FHR rose from 189 to 203 beats/min. These changes in heart rate were significantly different from control (p<.001). The brodycardia was accompanied by a significant elevation of BP. These observations provide an alternative explanation for the pattern of late deceleration of the FHR & stress the importance of monitoring the fetal acid-base state for correct interpretation of fetal heart rate patterns.
Addition of soluble supernatant to testis microsomes results in 42% increase in steroid 17,20-lyase activity and a 65% increase in 17alpha-hydroxylase activity. This stimulatory activity could be partially purified by salt fractionation. The activating factor(s) was not removed by dialysis nor did it appear to be lipid. It was destroyed by trypsin. Differential effects of heat were observed with the hydroxylase and lyase activators. The activation did not affect Km but only increased Vmax. The supernatant could be added to each enzyme to the point of maturation. No binding of steroids by the supernatant could be detected. Corpus luteum and placental supernatant did not stimulate enzymic activity, but supernatant from an adrenal adenoma was active.
The syncytial trophoblast has previously been shown to have minimal intrasyncytial galactosyltransferase activity at term. The biochemical and autoradiographic study reported here shows that the microvillous surface of term human placental syncytial trophoblast has a galactosyltransferase activity capable of transferring 3H-galactose from uridine diphosphate-D-galactose-1-3H to trichloroacetic-acid precipitable, endogenous acceptors. This capability of resynthesizing cleaved galactose moieties in the glycocalyx, without dependence on cytoplasmically located galactosyltransferases, would allow for reinstatement of the original surface molecular configuration without requiring synthesis and insertion of a completely new membrane molecule. It is suggested that the surface galactosyltransferase might function to repair damage to syncytial trophoblast glycocalyx induced by the enzymes in maternal blood.
Estrogen induced retardation of tubal ovum transport was examined in rabbits using microsurgical techniques. Rabbits underwent unilateral microsurgical transection or resection of the ampullary-isthmic junction of the oviduct (AIJ) followed by microsurgical end-to-end tubal anastomosis. Neither treatment interfered with the ability of 250 µg depo estradiol given at the time of hCG administration to retard tubal ovum transport. Mean ovum recovery rates of 85 to 97% were obtained. All ova were located within or in close proximity to the AIJ or anastomosis site in all animals 72 h post hCG, estrogen administration. It is concluded that estrogen retards transport in the rabbit by acting upon the tubal isthmus rather than through selective action upon the AIJ.
A mathematical description of ovum transport based on Langevin's diffusion equation is presented. The proposed model is deduced from qualitative features of this phenomenon, not induced from numerical fitting of experimental data. We demonstrate that egg transport in the ampulla of the rabbit oviduct can be represented as a one-dimensional random walk in a field of external force. The application of the model to describe isthmic ovum and sperm transport on the basis of simple random walk process is also discussed. The present formulation identifies and characterizes the forces involved in the motions of the ovum and predicts specific alternatives for physiological regulation of egg transport in the oviduct.
