The decision to extract the last teeth represents for the patient an aesthetic, functional and moral damage. The realization of an immediate complete removable denture is indicated to remedy these difficulties. This will make it possible to ensure a rational and efficient management of this transition to total edentulous. The restorations of aesthetics and functions as well as patient comfort constitute the essential therapeutic objectives to be achieved and this thanks to the immediate denture. This work presents, through clinical cases, the indications and the management of four patients who have never worn a removable denture.
Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of Ebola Haemorrhagic fever (EHF) among the University of Benin clinical dental students.Methods:The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study among consenting clinical (4th, 5th and 6th year) dental students of the University of Benin. The data collection tool was a 17-item self-administered validated questionnaire with a Chronbach's alpha value of 0.84. Data from the questionnaires were scored and graded, coded and finally entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 for data analysis. All data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics to generate frequencies, percentages and Chi-square values at a significance of P < 0.05.Results:Out of the 79 questionnaires distributed, 76 were returned duly filled, giving a response rate of 96.2%. The sample consisted of 67.1% male and 32.9% female clinical dental students, with a male to female ratio of approximately 2:1. About 89.5% of the respondents were in the 3rd decade of life. The average score for the participants was 11.34 ± 2.20 which was above the average category. More than half (55.3%) of the clinical dental students had good knowledge. Over 98% of the students knew that EHF outbreaks occur primarily in Central and West Africa, however, only 16.7% of the students were aware that infected persons spread virus to others up to 7 weeks after recovery from illness.Conclusion:The clinical dental students easily identified EHF as a viral infection with the fruit bats as the natural host of the Ebola organisms. However, their knowledge of communicability and diagnostics was on the average. Proper knowledge regarding EHF and infection preventive measures can be the key to safety of the dentists and patients in the event of an EHF epidemic.
Myxoma is a rare variety of benign tumors of the jaw, whose origin is embryonic mesenchymal dental follicle. Clinical and radiological manifestations are variable and non-specific and can lend confusion with other lesions. We describe a case of very invasive odontogenic myxoma , observed in a woman of 51 years. Clinically, the patient had left maxillary swelling, painless, firm to the touch. CT facial bones showed an expansive osteolytic process blowing the jaw. The treatment consisted of a wide excision of the tumor by endobuccal way, the tumor is individualized well from the bone. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen was diagnosed odontogenic myxoma. The short-term trend has shown no clinical and radiological local recurrence. The diagnosis is based on clinical, radiological and histological. This tumor is locally aggressive, which can lead to significant facial deformities and dental disturbances. The recurrent nature of myxoma imposes a broad radical treatment beyond the limits of the lesion. The loss of important substance required surgical repair or prosthetic.
This is the case of a 12-year-old African young girl with bialveolar protrusion and night mouth breathing. Orthodontic treatment without dental extraction consisted after tonsillectomy in retraction of anterior teeth in the diastema spaces. The normalization of the angle of the upper incisor has improved bialveolar protrusion without alteration to the prior balance of soft tissue.
To meet the growing aesthetic demand of the patient, a multidisciplinary care was considered: a gingivectomy has been carried out, in order to align the collar of the 11 with that of the 21, associated with a coronal elongation landscaping biological space on the lingual side of the 11. And to optimize the therapeutic outcome, a frenectomy of the upper labial brake was performed.
The Stafne defect is a benign, asymptomatic, non-progressive and rare bone depression, mainly discovered by chance in the posterior mandibular region. It is described radiographically as an oval radiolucency located below the mandibular canal, in the molar region, close to the submandibular gland.Sialography is a traditional technique in the radiographic examination of salivary glands that involves the injection of an iodine-based contrast medium into the main salivary duct. The Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is a 3D imaging technique that has modernized the dental and maxillofacial practice with its advantages such as high speed, good spatial resolution and low radiation exposure. The CBCT Sialography that consists in a 3D Sialography with cone beam offers the same benefits as traditional sialography and allows three-dimensional viewing. It is a new imaging test for an accurate anatomical study of the major salivary glands and their relationships with their environments.The aim of this report is to present a case of Stafne bone cavity containing right submandibular gland tissue, occurring in a 58-year-old man and diagnosed by using CBCT sialography.
Oral health is an important component of general health and a determinant factor for quality of life. Though oral diseases are largely preventable, many people across the globe still suffer from pain and discomfort associated with oral diseases. The attainment of optimum oral health is impeded by a number of obstacles which include the cost and affordability of treatment, poor access due to workforce shortages and inequitable distribution of the dental workforce and low oral health literacy amongst others. The provision of oral health services is oriented towards curative care. There appears to be no coordinated national strategy for preventive dental care in Nigeria. Effective public health strategies are required to prevent oral diseases and promote oral health across the population. Generally, strategies to prevent oral diseases will be most effective when priority is given to the multi-sectoral approach rather than a single-sector approach, population-based interventions rather than those aimed at high-risk individuals, and primary rather than secondary prevention. The aim of this paper was to highlight some of the oral diseases in Nigeria and discuss public health approaches to promote oral health and prevent the diseases.
BACKGROUND:Single visit root canal treatment (RCT) is being advocated around the world. This study profiles RCT in a Nigerian population and compares pattern of single versus multiple visit RCT to tooth type and skill level of the doctors.METHOD:A retrospective study was carried out on RCT performed in one year by fresh graduates and postgraduate dentists. Records retrieved included patients' sex and age, tooth type, location in the jaw and whether single- or multiple-visit RCT was done.RESULTS:Records of 705 teeth were reviewed, 54.6% belonged to females. Age range was 18-87 years, mean of 31.76 (± 12.31) years. Majority (70.1%) belonged to 20-39 years' age group. Most teeth were located in the maxilla (60.8%) and in posterior regions (73.6%). The most frequently root filled tooth was the mandibular first molar (20.7%) followed by maxillary central incisor (18.4%) then maxillary premolar (12.8%). However, all molars accounted for 47.3%, premolars 26.3% and incisors 25.0%. Canines (1.45%) were least frequently root-filled. Incisors (54.8%) were the teeth most frequently treated in single-visit followed by premolars (28.8%). Most frequently treated by multiple-visit were molars (51.0%). All doctors performed multiple-visit RCT in an approximately equal proportion but a significant percentage of single-visit RCT was carried out by senior doctors (71.2%).CONCLUSION:The most frequently root filled teeth were mandibular first molars. Teeth most likely to be treated by single-visit RCT were incisors. Appropriate operator skill and experience is important in the decision to perform single-visit RCT. Single-visit RCT is advocated in the developing environment.
Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease of the peri-implant mucosa with the loss of supporting bone. Because of the absence of an un-inflamed connective tissue zone between the healthy and diseased sites, peri-implant lesions are thought to progress more rapidly than periodontal lesions, suggesting the importance of early diagnosis and intervention if possible. A number of risk factors have been identified that may lead to the initiation and progression of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, eg., previous periodontal disease, poor plaque control, inability to clean, residual cement, smoking, genetic factors, diabetes, occlusal overload, rheumatoid arthritis, increased time of loading and alcohol consumption. At present there is not much literature available, highlighting the relationship between implant surface characteristics and peri-implant diseases. Implant surface characteristics vary with respect to topography, roughness and clinical composition, including turned, blasted, acid etched, porous sintered, oxidized, plasma sprayed and hydroxyapatite coated surfaces and their combinations. So the aim of this review is to explore the relationship between the characteristics of implant surface, the prevalence and incidence of peri-implantitis. This would help to identify plausible influence of surface characteristics, oral hygiene instructions and maintenance of implants for the long-term uneventful success of implant therapy.
OBJECTIVE:This study aims to evaluate dental decay incidence and DMF index, plaque index and gingival index, and to assess the satisfaction/dissatisfaction in acrylic removal partial denture wearers (ARPD) and in partial edentate no wearers. It aims to improve the therapeutic management in prosthetic oral rehabilitation in DR Congo.MATERIAL AND METHODS:This prospective cohort interventional randomized study on 376 patients enrolled and divided into two groups (with and without denture prosthesis) was performed in University Clinics of Kinshasa, Kinshasa Medical Center and Clinic Glory during the period August 2008 to August 2010.RESULTS:Three hundred seventy-six patients (376) with 163 men (47 ± 16 years) and 213 women (42 ± 15 years) were followed. Of the 376 patients randomized, 189 were of "prosthesis" group and 187 were in the group "without aid". Both groups were regularly reviewed every 6 months for 2 years. Ten thousand four hundred and fifty-two (10452) teeth were examined (5149 teeth to the group "prosthesis" and 5303 for the teeth "without prosthesis" group. On hundred and twenty-nine (129) teeth that presented caries, 110 (82.96 per cent) are decayed teeth in the "prosthesis" group and 19 (17.04 per cent) are in the group "without prosthesis" (p = 0.00). The index Tooth Decayed, Missing, Filled (CAD) to start of the study for each group was 0.2. Two years after the index rose to 0.3 for the group "prosthesis" and remained steady (0.2) for the group "without prosthesis". The "prosthesis" group showed plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) above 0.99 (SD: ± 0.28) and 1.27 (SD: ± 0.43) than normal compared to those of the "no aid" group (0.46 ± 0.15 and 0.32 ± 0.12). The differences were statistically significant for both indices between the two groups (p = 0.00). Overall satisfaction rate for the "prosthesis" group was 26.4% while for the group "without prosthesis" satisfaction rate is 80.9%.CONCLUSION:This study shows that improved oral hygiene and regular check of the RPD acrylic resin carriers become a concern for establishing a true oral health policy.
Orthodontic needs to reply on a reliable anchoring as fixed as possible to ensure the best orthodontic movements. The orthodontic mini-screws provide a fixed anchorage for performing movements and treatments considered until then to be difficult or even impossible, particularly the treatment of ingression in the posterior area. The orthodontic anchorage mini-screw has the advantage of being cheaper, easier to place and do not require surgical procedure. This article illustrates two clinical indications of orthodontic mini-screws namely the intrusion of incisors and cross tooth movement.
PURPOSE:This laboratory study conducted to evaluate and compare the influence of different flask closure methods on linear dimensional changes of standardized simulated maxillary complete dentures.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty casts were made from a silicone mold representing an edentulous maxillary arch. Thirty identical maxillary dentures were made and randomly assigned to 3 test groups (A, B, C). In Group A, flasks were placed directly in pressure clamp after trial closure. Group B: The final closure was done in a hydraulic press then transferred to pressure clamp. Group C: After trial closure flask was positioned between the two iron plates of the Restriction System flask closure (RSFC) method. Then linear distances were measured three times before and after polymerization: right incisor to left incisor (RI-LI), right premolar to left premolar (RPM-LPM), right molar to left molar (RM-LM) and left incisor- to- left molar (LI-LM) and right incisor- to- right molar (RI-RM) with the help of digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.01mm. ANOVA and Tuckey's test were used to compare the groups (p < 0.05).RESULTS:Inter molar (LM-RM) width showed the greatest dimensional change after processing and Linear dimensions were not significantly influenced by the packing procedure.CONCLUSION:Within the limitations of this study, Restriction System flask closure (RSFC) method demonstrated a similar performance in reducing the tooth movement when compared with other flask closure methods. The posterior region of the denture may present changes in the tooth position after processing, which need to be clinically adjusted.
BACKGROUND:A growing body of evidence suggests a relationship between periodontal disease and non-communicable systemic diseases with rising prevalence in developing countries, Nigeria inclusive.OBJECTIVES:To determine the periodontal status and its association with self-reported hypertension among non-medical staff in a university teaching hospital in Nigeria.METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted among non-medical staff using self-administered questionnaires and periodontal clinical examination between July and August 2013. Multivariate analysis was explored to determine the independent variables associated with self-reported hypertension. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS:A total of 276 subjects were enrolled into the study. Shallow pockets (CPI code 3) constituted the predominant periodontal disease (46.7%), calculus (CPI code 2) 46%, bleeding gingiva (CPI code 1) in 3.3% and deep pockets ≥ 6mm (CPI code 4) in 2.2%. Self-reported hypertension was the most prevalent self-reported medical condition (18.1%) and found to be associated with periodontitis, increasing age, lower education, and a positive family history of hypertension.CONCLUSION:Periodontal disease was highly prevalent in this study. Self-reported hypertension was associated with periodontitis, older age, lower education and a positive family history. Periodic periodontal examination and regular blood pressure assessment for non-medical staff is recommended.
Rehabilitation by combined prosthesis is a therapy that requires a methodical approach especially in the case of large unilateral edentulous when all occlusal parameters are to be restored. The recording of the maxilla-mandibular position is requested at various stages of the treatment. In this context, the use of polymerized diagnostic wax up, is an evident tool for accurately recording and transfer of all occlusal data previously validated, yet concerning the global rehabilitation of unilateral distal edentulous, its stability and exact re-positioning at various prosthetic sequences remain uncertain.The aim of this study was to develop an original conception of the polymerized diagnostic wax up that will allow us to benefit from all its advantages in complex rehabilitation of edentulous unilateral of large extent.
The aim of this review is to update healthcare professionals about the prevalence of various hepatitis viruses in the Saudi population. A perspective on the global and regional prevalence of hepatitis A, B and C viruses has also been given. The oral manifestations of hepatitis infection, the risks of patients and healthcare workers acquiring these infections, as well as the management of dental patients with hepatitis infection in the dental clinical setting has also been discussed. The universal precautions which should be observed while treating these patients have been reiterated, whereby detailed steps as pertaining to the management of these patients have been described, so as to optimize patient treatment, and at the same time to prevent dental healthcare workers from acquiring infection. The purpose of such management is therefore to ultimately improve the quality of life of patients infected with hepatitis viruses.
This study aimed to investigate the root apex morphology in permanent teeth of a Moroccan population using scanning electron microscope. Eighty-seven teeth were collected from Moroccan patients attending the Oral Surgery Department of the faculty of dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. The extracted teeth were then prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation at a root apex slice thickness of 5 mm. The median distance of the apical foramen from the apex was about 0.37 [0-0.62] mm, 0. 60 [0-0.82] mm, 0.71 [0.36-0.94] mm in incisors/canines, bi-rooted and multi-rooted teeth respectively, the mean apical foramen diameter was 0.30 [0.23-0.34] mm, 0.24 [0.18-0.33] mm, 0.27 [0.19-0.35] mm in incisors/canines, bi-rooted and multi-rooted teeth respectively. The apical foramen coincided with the apex in 33.5%, 33%, and 30.8% in incisors/canines, bi-rooted, and multi-rooted teeth. 16.45% of incisors, and 10.1% of the bi-rooted teeth with pulp and peri-apical diseases showed apical resorptions.
Objective:To determine the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on pattern of removable partial denture use in a tertiary institution over a one-year period.Methods:This was a retrospective study using records of partially dentate patients seeking replacement for their missing teeth within one-year duration. Information retrieved from the patients’ records included demographic characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, occupation, arch type, number and reasons for missing teeth and type of removable partial denture. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 17 (Chicago, IL.). The analysis was done using frequency distribution, cross tabulations, t test and test of significance with chi square. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:A total of 98 patients were seen over the study period with a male/female ratio of 1:1.45. The patients’ age ranged from 20 to 89 years with a mean age of 47.19 ± 18.37. The number of teeth replaced ranged from 1 to 17 with a mean of 3.13 ± 3.30 teeth. The mean number of missing teeth was significantly higher among patients aged 50 years and above (p = 0.002). Majority (69.4%) of the patients were married and 59.2% were working class (skilled and unskilled). The Kennedy’s Class III saddle was the most prevalent in the maxilla while Class IV was most prevalent in the mandible; a difference that was statistically significant.Conclusion: Socioeconomic status, age and gender influenced the use of removable partial denture.
Context:Periodontal diseases are multifactorial infectious pathologies. They affect tissues of support of the tooth and so end in dental losses. No sector of society is spared.Objective:To estimate the state of periodontal health of the patients admitted in consultation in the dental services of the city of Kinshasa.Material and Methods:It is a descriptive and transverse study. It was led on patients admitted in consultations in three dental services of the city of Kinshasa during the period going from January to August, 2015. The study included patients of 12 years old and more who consulted in one of the selected dental service. The selected patients supplied sociodemographic information in particular zone of residence, gender, level of education and social level. Dutch Periodontal Screening Index (DPSI) was used to estimate the periodontal state of every patient.Results:On a total of 642 patients 374 were females and 268 were males. The mean age was of 38.12 years ± 16,303. The patients of upper or more university level and those who had no employment represented successively 58.3% and 35.5%. Dental pain was the main motive for consultation. Majority of the patients had a DPSI around 3, that is 49.1%. 99.9% of the patients presented gingivitis whereas those 64% who suffered from periodontitis were subject to specialized periodontal care.Conclusion:Periodontal disease was present in all patients. The majority of the people had consulted dental surgeons only when they had pain.
Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate oral health in asthmatic children using inhaled therapy and to compare the oral health status according to β2 agonist and corticosteroid dose administrated. Methods:The study group composed of 160 children aged between 2 and 15 years old who had bronchial asthma at different degrees of severity, the children followed at university hospital of Casablanca. A questionnaire was filled referring to oral health habits. For dental examinations, world health organization criteria and for plaque indices the Silness and Löe plaque index were used. Oral mucosal was examined to detect candidiasis or ulcerations. Results:The dental plaque registered was 1,13 ± 0,64. The mean DMFT was 3,75 ± 1,53 and the mean DMFT was 5,50 ± 3,02. A statistically significant higher average DMFT and DMFT values were observed with higher dose of β2 agonist (p < 0,05). Almost a third of studied population had oral candidiasis and 6,9% had ulcerations. These oral mucosal lesions were particularly observed in children receiving inhaled corticosteroid higher than 400 µg/j (P < 10-5) and they were lower in children using a spacer device and rinsing the mouth after treatment (P < 10-5). Conclusion:The results suggest higher caries susceptibility and oral mucosal lesions among asthmatic children undergoing inhaled treatment with β2 agonist and corticosteroid. A special attention by doctors and health professionals of these patients is necessary and asthmatic children are recommended to adopt more precautionary oral hygiene practices.
Background:This study aims to analyze the effects of the national program for individual dental prevention "M'T Dents" to 6-years-old children living in the neighborhoods of deprived areas Saint-Mauront and Belle de Mai from 2009 to 2012 (Marseille, France). These children having received an additional collective awareness and individual monitoring as part of the experimental program of health promotion "La Santé à Saint Mauront - Belle de Mai: on s’y met tous!" led by the PACA Regional Health Agency.Materials and Methods:Awareness sessions in oral hygiene were led in CP grades of 5 schools and each child was then followed and encouraged to resort to dentist. Data on the use of the bucco-dental examination (BDE), the use of consecutive care and the oral health status of children were collected.Results:Of the three years considered by this study, 56 classes and more than 1000 children were involved by this prevention program. The average use of BDE was 27.70%. Among children who received the BDE, 44.33% required treatment, approximately 26% with 1-3 untreated caries, 12%: 4-6 caries and 6%: 7 caries or more. Nearly 60% were completely cured, 15% partially and 25% not treated within 6 months following the BDE. Care utilization varied by initial caries index: the percentage of children fully treated was significantly higher for children with 1-3 caries than those with 4-6 caries (p <0.05) and those with 7 caries or more (p < 0.001) when the BDE.Conclusion:Modes of action that are reinforced in this territory seem possible to achieve results comparable to those observed in the same age group at the national level for children. More children were able to use the dentist and receive consecutive care under this program contributes to reducing inequalities in oral health.
