OBJECTIVE:To diagnose and distinguish the swell in the infantile scrotum or testicle by the high frequency ultrasonoscopy so as to find the acoustic imaging characters and clinical application value.METHODS:With the high frequency linear-array probe used, the multi-section and two-side contrast scanning checks were conducted on 46 cases of the infantile scrotum or testicle swell and position with abnormal physical signs. The structures of scrotum, testicle, epididymis and spermatic cord as well as the positions, sizes, forms and interior echoes were observed. When it was necessary, the position should be changed, bladder filled up and the groin and two sides of bladder scanned.RESULTS:A total of 45 cases of infantile scrotum or testicle disease were diagnosed by ultrasound, which accorded with the clinical behavior and operation result while 1 case of one-side cryptorchid was not found.CONCLUSION:It is quick and accurate to diagnose the infantile scrotum or testicle disease by high frequency ultrasonoscopy.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of L-arginine on the microcirculation and survival of rat island skin flaps after ischemia-reperfusion.METHOD:A right lower abdominal island flap was created in SD rats and the microcirculatory blood flow in these flaps measured with laser Doppler velocimetry following L-arginine injection via the contralateral femoral artery. Both NO and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the flaps were assayed and the survival of the flaps replanted in situ was evaluated 1 week later.RESULTS:L-arginine treatment caused increase in the microcirculatory blood flow of the flaps and elevation of NO while and decrease of MDA levels. The survival rate of the flaps with L-arginine treatment was significantly higher than the flaps from saline-treated and normal rats.CONCLUSION:L-arginine can improve the survival of island flap through increasing the microcirculatory blood flow and lessening ischemia-reperfusion injury of the flaps.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical significance of changes in urine microalbumin (UM) and endothelin (ET) in different courses of type 2 diabetes. METHODS:A clinical analyses of 30 type 2 diabetic patients with vascular complications (group A) was conducted in comparison with type 2 diabetic patients without vascular complications (group B) and patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, group C). With 30 healthy subjects with family history of type 2 diabetes (group D) and 30 healthy subjects without such family history (group E) as controls, UM and ET were determined in all the subjects for a statistical analysis. RESULTS:Significant differences in UM content was noted between group A and the other 4 groups (P<0.05), while the content did not differ significantly between the latter 4 groups (P>0.05). ET content was significantly higher in group A than in the other 4 groups (P<0.01), and was the lowest in group E (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Type 2 diabetic patients sustain extensively impaired endothelium function, which is exacerbated with the progression of the disease courses. Synchronized changes between vascular complications and impaired endothelium function indicates that vascular endothelial injury relates to vascular complications and the progression of diabetes.
OBJECTIVE:To obtain full-length human urate transporter (hUAT) gene.METHODS:Primers was designed according to the sequence of hUAT reported in Genbank. The target fragments were obtained by reverse transcriptional (RT) PCR from the mRNA extracted from human renal tubular epithelial cell lines (HK-2), followed by cloning into pEGFP-C1 plasmid. The cloned fragment was subjected to restriction mapping and sequence analysis for confirmation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:hUAT gene with correct sequence is successfully cloned from HK-2 cells. The restriction maps and sequence analysis of the selected clones were consistent with the sequence reported in Genbank.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical value of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ((18)FDG-PET) in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for locally residual and recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).METHODS:Between July 1998 and October 2000, 36 patients with recurrent or residual NPC confirmed by biopsy after initial radiotherapy underwent treatment with 3D-CRT. CT simulation was performed and (18)FDG-PET carried out for delineating the gross tumor volume (GTV) in all the patients. The radiotherapy was designed by 3D treatment planning system and dose-volume histogram (DVH) was used to verify and optimize the radiation plan. Acute and late radiation injuries, survival rates and GTV delineated by CT and (18)FDG-PET were observed in all the cases after the treatment.RESULTS:In comparison with CT simulation, (18)FDG-PET delineated similar GTV in 36.1% (13/36) cases, larger and smaller GTV in 16.7% (6/36) and 47.2% (17/36) of the cases, respectively. After 3D-CRT, 97.2%, 75.0%, and 58.3% of the patients were free of evidence of 1-, 2-, and 3-year local failure, respectively, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rate of the patients were 94.4%, 86.1%, and 72.0%. The 1-, 2-, 3-year tumor-free survival rates were 85.7%, 76.6%, and 56.1% respectively. Acute xerostomia, nasopharyngitis and oropharyngitis were the most common complications in relation to the radiation, but all within acceptable range of grades 1 or 2. The lesions resulting from the radiation included hearing loss, trismus, dysphagia, chronic sinusitis, and cranial neuropathy, with the incidences of 5.6% (2/36), 25.0% (9/36), 8.3% (3/36), 33.3% (12/36), and 13.9% (5/36) respectively.CONCLUSIONS:3D-CRT combined with (18)FDG-PET for delineation of GTV is effective and feasible in the treatment of locally residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after initial radiotherapy, producing good responses without serious complications.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical value of serum tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) for primary hepatic cancer in comparison with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). METHODS TPS and AFP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 85 patients with primary hepatic cancer, 19 with metastatic hepatic cancer, 35 with liver cirrhosis, 22 with chronic hepatitis and 50 healthy control subjects. RESULTS Serum AFP levels were elevated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison with that in cholangiocarcinoma patients (P=0.037), but the difference was not significant (P=0.737). Serum TPS levels were significantly correlated with the tumor size (P=0.001), but not with the number of the tumors, portal invasion, extrahepatic metastasis, clinical stage or histological differentiation (P>0.05). A significant correlation was observed between AFP level and tumor size (P=0.028), portal invasion(P=0.005), and histological differentiation (P=0.000). CONCLUSION TPS alone offers no more clues than AFP for the diagnosis of primary hepatic cancer, though it can be helpful for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. It has only limited clinical utility as a marker for primary hepatic cancer.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the changes in the nutritional status and immune function in patients with colorectal cancer after operation.METHODS:The indexes of the nutritional status and immune function were measured in 40 patients with colorectal cancer before and after operation and compared with the control group.RESULTS:The levels of IgM, IgG, prealbumin and transferrin were lowered after operation in these colorectal cancer patients (P<0.05), but no significant difference was noted after operation in the control group.CONCLUSION:The nutritional status and immune function in colorectal cancer patients obviously deteriorate after operation.
OBJECTIVETo establish a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) for detecting Schistosome japonicum (Sj).METHODSEight monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Sj p38 antigen (1A6, 3C4, 3D12, 6F10, 6G12, 9H6, 9G7 and A5H) prepared previously were purified by protein-G affinity chromatography. The affinity constant (K(aff)) was determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All the mAbs were labeled with horseradish peroxidase by sodium oxidation method and the mAb pairs with high affinity and stability were identified according to their optical density at 450 nm (OD450). Four mAbs (1A6, 6G12, 9H6 and 9G7) were chosen for colloidal gold labeling. GICA was then performed by further optimization of the labeling and the conditions were determined. The sera of mice at different infection stages were examined with GICA dipstick, with the sera collected before infection and those of Toxoplasma gondii-infected mice as negative controls.RESULTSThe purity of the 8 mAbs was higher than 95% with K(aff) ranging from 2.8x10(-10) to 1x10(-8) mol/L. 9G7 coating (2.5 mg/ml) as the capture antibody and detection with 1A6 (diluted at 1:4) as the labeling antibody was determined as the best reaction model. With this combination, the positivity rates of the detection were 40%, 50%, 60% and 80% for mouse sera collected at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks after Schistosome japonicum infection, respectively, without positive results for the negative control samples.CONCLUSIONGICA established in this study is characterized by simplicity, rapidity and good sensitivity, and the prepared rSjP38 dipstick can test the circulating antigen SjP38 in early stage of infection.
OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnostic criteria and physiopathological features of severe bacterial pneumonia in rats.METHODSA total of 60 Sprague Dawleg rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely the model group (n=24), observation group (n=24), and control group (n=12). The rats in the former two groups were intratracheally instilled with Klebsiella pneumoniae suspension at different doses, while those in the control group received intratracheal administration of 1 ml saline. On the 2nd, 4th, and 6th days after intratracheal instillation, 1/3 of the rats in each group were killed to determine the hemodynamics, arterial blood gas (ABG), peripheral hemogram, leukocytes and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), followed by pathological examination of the lung.RESULTSObvious hemodynamic changes occurred in the rats of the model group on the 5th day and ABG changes appeared on the 4th day. The changes in peripheral hemogram, leukocytes and neutrophils in the BALF, and lung pathology of the rats in the model group were more obvious than those in the observation group on each time point. As the time prolonged, the changes in the hemodynamics, ABG, peripheral hemogram, leukocytes and neutrophils in the BALF and pathology of the lung exacerbated in the model group and observation group, but all these indices in the control group remain unchanged after bacterial inoculation.CONCLUSIONThe severity of pneumonia in rats increases with the dose increment of the administered Klebsiella pneumoniae suspension, which mimics the pathological changes in severe bacterial pneumonia in human.
1病历资料 患者男,42岁,因阵发性心悸,晕厥反复发作5年伴双下肢水肿6个月,诊断为扩张型心肌病,心力衰竭Ⅱ度、频发多源成对及成串室性早搏、心室颤动,于2001年12月26日在我院安装第三代,进行心衰纠正,临床症状缓解后于2002年1月16日出院.后因气短、夜间喘息不能平卧、双下肢水肿5 d于2002年12月9日在县医院住院治疗,12月15日晚9时关闭病房电灯开关时,ICD突然放电,患者紧张恐惧,急查血常规在正常范围,血清钾3.9 mmol/L,血清钠142 mmom/L.12月29日患者自觉心悸,随后ICD连续电击达20次,至12月31日,共电击73次.电击时震动剧烈,每次需静脉给予大量利多卡因和胺碘酮方能控制.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the necessity of prophylactic administration of antibiotic in patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).METHODS:Sixty patients without preoperative infection were randomized into two groups to receive a single dose of cefazolin (PA group) prior to TACE or no prophylactic antibiotics (NONE group). The incidence of postoperative infection was compared.RESULTS:The incidence of postoperative infection was 3.4% (1/29) in NONE group and 3.2% (1/31) in PA group, without significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Prophylactic antibiotics are not necessary for patients with primary liver cancer prior to TACE.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the value of laminar flow in the treatment of burns.METHODS:The air in the laminar flow chamber and the wound tissues of the patients were sampled for bacterial detection. The number and stains of bacterial colony from different classes of laminar air flow chambers at different time points were inspected and compared.RESULTS:The bacterial number was 0 in the laminar flow chamber of 1000 grade, which was obviously different from that in the public area. The mortality was obviously decreased in the laminar air flow chamber with shorter treatment time and hospitalization. No wound infection occurred and the wounds healed smoothly in all these patients.CONCLUSION:The application of laminar air flow can be helpful for the treatment of severe burns.
OBJECTIVETo fractionate mouse liver phosphoproteome by two-dimensional liquid chromatography.METHODSThe phosphoproteins were extracted from the lysates of normal mouse livers with phosphate metal affinity chromatography resin. The phosphoproteins were exchanged by the initial buffer and separated by chromatofocusing in the first dimension. The fractions with pH value between 8.5 and 4.0 were separated by non-porous silica reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Finally, the UV maps were converted into gel maps by ProteoVue software.RESULTSThe phosphoproteins of mouse liver were successfully extracted and fractionated by two-dimensional liquid chromatographic fractionation after concentration and desalting. The pI/UV map of mouse liver phospho-proteomic was obtained successfully. There were 16 fractions with pH between 8.5 and 4.0 after chromatofocusing in the first dimension and the UV maps of each fraction were converted into pI/UV gel maps.CONCLUSIONCombination of phosphoprotein enrichment and two-dimensional liquid chromatographic fractionation is an effective approach of phosphoproteomic studies.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for lower limb osteosarcoma by comparing the findings between X-ray and MRI.METHODS:Fifteen surgically or pathologically confirmed patients with lower limb osteosarcoma (11 males and 4 females) underwent both plain and enhanced MRI (with CT scanning in 4 cases) in addition to radiography, and the findings were compared.RESULTS:The diagnostic accuracy of both MRI and X-ray film was 100%. Compared with X-ray, MRI was capable of clear display of the lesion extent, perpendicular periosteal reaction, the two layers of Codman's triangle and the skip lesions.CONCLUSION:Plain X-ray film provides a convenient and practical diagnostic modality for lower limb osteosarcoma, but MRI has better performance in clearer display of the tumor range and identification of early-stage lesions.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effects of nasal endoscopic surgery combined with multiple radiofrequency in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. METHODS Sixty-three patients with perennial allergic rhinitis whose symptoms failed to be controlled by medication received nasal endoscopic surgery for submucous resection of the nasal septum combined with radiofrequency ablation of the bilateral sphenopalatine foramen, anterior ethmoidal nerve and inferior nasal concha. RESULT One month after operation, the rate of excellent recovery was 92.1% (58/63), efficacy rate of 7.9% (5/63), and total efficacy rate of 100%, which was 88.9% (56/63), 7.9% (5/63), and 96.8% (61/63) 1 year after operation, respectively, with 2 patients (3.2%) of the patients failed to respond to the treatment. Two years after the operation, the excellent rate, efficacy rate, and total effective rate was 82.6% (52/63), 12.7% (8/63), and 95.2% (60/63), respectively, with 3 patients failed to obtain good recovery. CONCLUSION Nasal endoscope combined with radio frequency may achieve good therapeutic effects on perennial allergic rhinitis with less adverse effects.
OBJECTIVE To categorize the patterns of abnormalities in exercise (201)TI myocardial scintigraphy and explore the mechanisms. METHODS Exercise (201)TI myocardial scintigraphy was performed in 203 patients with clinically suspected coronary artery disease, including 74 normotensive patients, 78 hypertensive patients without left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) and 51 hypertensive patients with LVH. All the patients underwent coronary angiography one month before or after (201)TI myocardial scintigraphy, and the patterns of abnormal findings were categorized as segmental, non-segmental and mixed patterns. Patients with abnormal (201)TI myocardial perfusion and normal coronary angiographic findings were followed up. RESULTS In hypertensive patients without and with LVH, the ratios of abnormal perfusion in segmental, non-segmental and mixed types were 52/60 and 32/58, 4/60 and 9/58, and 4/60 and 17/58, respectively. The ratios of normal coronary angiography in the 3 types were 17/84, 13/13 and 10/21, respectively. Among the 40 patients followed up, 5 with segmental abnormality and 2 with mixed abnormalities developed large coronary artery disease, which was found in none of the patients with segmental abnormality. CONCLUSIONS In hypertensive patients with and without LVH, segmental perfusion abnormalities may be attributed to the anatomic and functional stenosis of the large coronary arteries, and the non-segmental abnormal perfusion might be only possible with coronary microvascular diseases.
OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect of Yiyuan oral solution against radiation injury in mice. METHODS Yiyuan oral solution was administered in mice at 10.00, 3.33 and 1.67 ml/kg for 30 days. The mice were then exposed to (60)Co-gamma irradiation at 3 Gy once and the effect of the irradiation on the WBC, bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PEC) micronuclei and serum hemolysin antibody against sheep red cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Yiyuan oral solution at 10 ml/kg significantly increased WBC counts, decreased bone marrow PEC micronucleus rate and enhanced serum hemolysin antibody in mice, suggesting the protective effect of this preparation against radiation injury.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of high-salt diet on the expression of osteopontin (OPN) mRNA and its protein in Sprague-Dawley rat kidney. METHODS Forty-eight male SD rats aged 10 weeks receiving normal salt diet were enrolled in study, and were divided into two groups and fed with high salt diet (4%NaCl) or normal salt diet (0.6%NaCl) for 12 weeks respectively, with 24 rats in each group. Tail systolic blood pressure and bodyweight were measured in all rats every week. At the end of 4th, 8th and 12th week, 6 rats in each group were sacrificed for detection of the expression of OPN mRNA and its protein in the kidney with quantitatine real-time (QRT)-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS No significant difference was found in blood pressure, bodyweight and kidney weight/bodyweight between high-salt diet group and normal salt diet group (P>0.05). The expression of OPN mRNA (0.27+/-0.16 vs 0.15+/-0.13, P<0.05) and its protein (0.78+/-0.15 vs 0.61+/-0.11, P<0.01) in SD rat kidney with high-salt diet were up-regulated at the end of 12th week compared with the rats with normal salt diet. CONCLUSIONS High-salt diet increase the expression of OPN mRNA and its protein in SD rat kidney. Renal injury induced by high salt intake might be independent of blood pressure change.
脐带缠绕为妊娠晚期的多发病,及时准确地作出诊断,可给临床处理提供有效指导,减少胎儿宫内窘迫及死亡率.脐带绕颈发生率较高,而脐带绕头国内文献较少报道.我们回顾已检查诊断的3例脐带绕头,探讨超声对脐带绕头诊断的临床价值.
