Background: As the United States and other countries face the prospect of a rapidly aging population, promoting health for people as they get older should become a strategy for preventing disease, and assuring the maximum quality of life possible. This review examines how selected risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) evolve during the aging process. The authors seek to elucidate the variations in selected CVD risk factors based on age in the Jackson Heart Study African American cohort in Exam 1 (2000-2004). Methods: Risk factors selected for examination in this report include: anthropometry measures, including Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, and neck circumference; biological measures that included systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and glucose levels; lipids that included HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol; structural risk factors that included Left Ventricular Mass and Cystatin C; psycho-social factors that was represented by depression scores. The JHS participants’ mean scores were compiled and stratified by age and gender. The analyses were examined to determine how the risk of cardiovascular disease manifests in African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study by age. Results: This study confirmed an interaction between age and selected cardiovascular risk factors among the African American cohort of the Jackson Heart Study which can facilitate an understanding of differences in risk factors in at-risk populations. Conclusions: An understanding of the age-associated transitions can assist with strategies to promote health and prevent, reduce, delay, or treat cardiovascular diseases in the people as they advance in years. Keywords: Jackson Heart Study, Aging, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Disease, African Americans.
Pulmonary sepsis is one of the main causes of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs), especially among patients with severe organ dysfunction, as assessed by scores such as SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment). Given this scenario, the aim of this systematic review was to analyze the impact of an interdisciplinary approach and the application of integrated protocols on reducing mortality in patients with pulmonary sepsis with a SOFA score ≥ 2. The search was carried out on the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Embase and Web of Science databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. After screening and applying the eligibility criteria, 42 studies were included. The results showed that the integration of multi-professional teams, combined with the implementation of structured care protocols, resulted in a significant reduction in mortality, shorter hospital stays and early clinical improvement. Interventions such as early administration of antimicrobials, protective ventilatory support, respiratory physiotherapy and the role of the clinical pharmacist proved to be effective when applied in a coordinated manner. The use of early warning systems also contributed to the rapid identification of sepsis and the immediate start of treatment. The findings of this review reinforce the need for standardized, protocol-based and interprofessional care to optimize outcomes in patients with severe pulmonary sepsis. It is concluded that an interdisciplinary approach based on integrated protocols is an effective strategy and should be promoted as standard practice in ICUs. Keywords: Pulmonary sepsis; SOFA; Intensive care; Interdisciplinary approach; Clinical protocols; Hospital mortality
Evidence based decision making in medical care includes the clinical expertise of the clinician, patients’ values, patient circumstances and preferences along with the scientific data collected from multiple resources for rendering a better health care facility. It making refers to planning treatment and management based upon available research materials and experimental confirmation. With effortless availability of immense knowledge in the form of experimental and observational studies in this electronic leviathan, it is imperative that treatment decisions should be supported by the best available scientific evidence in order to optimize the treatment outcomes. Planning a treatment strategy on the basis of evidences is definitely appreciable, but a facility should also be created on the databases regarding easy intimation of review of the clinician, after patient management based on various evidences. Studies regarding usefulness of the treatment provided and the outcomes achieved, should be encouraged in each and every health care system, so as to make the concept of evidence-based decision making an accomplishment. Keywords : Decision-making, informatics, diagnostic systems, Evidence, Clinical Judgement, decision-aids, patient participation, patient preference.
THE WILD RAT AS A CARRIER OF ORGANISMS OF THE PARATYPHOID-ENTERITIDIS GROUP Elizabeth Verder CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.10.1007 Published Online: August 30, 2011
LAKE ERIE AND THE NIAGARA RIVER J. W. Ellms, Engineer of Water Purification and Sewage DisposalFellow A.P.H.A. CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.5.457 Published Online: August 30, 2011
LABORATORY LABORATORY PROCEDURES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF UNDULANT (MALTA) FEVER C. C. Young, and Alice C. Evans CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.4.399 Published Online: August 30, 2011
PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY OF MILK-BORNE DISEASE—1926 * Henry F. VaughanD.P.H., and S. J. Crumbine, General ExecutiveM.D.Fellow A.P.H.A. CopyRight*Read at Annual Conference of State and Provincial Health Authorities of North America, Washington, D. C., May 14, 1927. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.7.746 Published Online: August 30, 2011
OCCURRENCE OF THE COLON GROUP ON COMMERCIAL CANDIES John Weinzirl, Professor of BacteriologyPh.D.Dr.P.H.Fellow A.P.H.A. CopyRight*Read before the Food and Drugs Section of the American Public Health Association at the Fifty-fifth Annual Meeting at Buffalo, N. Y., October 12, 1926. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.7.708 Published Online: August 30, 2011
AGGLUTININS IN HUMAN SERA FOR SCARLET FEVER STREPTOCOCCI Leona Baumgartner CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.8.814 Published Online: August 30, 2011
INFANT MORTALITY AS SHOWN BY CANADIAN VITAL STATISTICS E. S. Macphail, SuperintendentFellow A.P.H.A. CopyRight*Read before the Vital Statistics Section of the American Public Health Association at the Fifty-fifth Annual Meeting at Buffalo, N. Y., October 12, 1926. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.5.476 Published Online: August 30, 2011
American Agricultural Villages W. W. Peter CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.12.1262-c Published Online: August 30, 2011
LABORATORY BRILLIANT GREEN BILE CULTURES IN 126 CASES OF TYPHOID FEVER C. C. Young, Leon C. HavensM.D., and Sophie A. DehlerA.B. CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.5.516 Published Online: August 30, 2011
North Manchurian Plague Prevention Service Reports, 1925-6, Vol. V W. W. Peter CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.6.625-b Published Online: August 30, 2011
Popular Education in Public Health Evart G. Routzahn CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.11.1168-b Published Online: August 30, 2011
ENTERIC INFECTIONS SIMULATING TYPHOID IN VIRGINIA Aubrey H. Straus, Director of LaboratoriesFellow A.P.H.A. CopyRight*Read before the Laboratory Section of the American Public Health Association at the Fifty-fifth Annual Meeting at Buffalo, N. Y., October 13, 1926. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.3.247 Published Online: August 30, 2011
SPRAY COATING PROCESSES Henry Field SmythM.D.Dr.P.H.Fellow A.P.H.A. CopyRight*Abstract of the Report of a State-Wide Investigation of Spray Coating Processes. Read before the Industrial Hygiene Section of the American Public Health Association at the Fifty-fifth Annual Meeting at Buffalo, N. Y., October 14, 1926. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.17.5.440 Published Online: August 30, 2011
