Meagre, Argyrosomus regius, one of Europe's largest coastal top predatory fish species, plays an important role in commercial and recreational fisheries. However, this species is particularly vulnerable due to overfishing, high genetic fragmentation, late first reproduction, and the restriction of spawning to limited, heavily impacted coastal areas. Understanding its spatial ecology and behaviour is therefore essential for effective fisheries management and conservation. We used pop-up satellite archival tags to investigate the horizontal movements, and depth-temperature preferences of meagre in one of their main spawning areas, the Gironde Estuary, France. A total of 37 fish were tagged, of which 28 provided useable data for primary geolocation analyses, with attachment durations ranging from 1 to 176 days (mean = 50 days). These data revealed a seasonal shift in both vertical and horizontal habitat use, mainly influenced by environmental temperature shifts, with fish utilizing shallow warmer waters during the summer and deeper cooler waters during the winter. The maximum depth observed was 141.5 m and water temperatures experienced ranged between 12.6 °C and 24.9 °C (mean = 19.1 ± 1.92 °C). Depth use was broader in winter than in summer, while temperature variation followed the opposite pattern, being wider in summer and narrower in winter. A novel approach was developed to incorporate Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT)-derived thermal periodicity as auxiliary spatial evidence in geolocation models, using semidiurnal temperature oscillations to identify periods potentially associated with tidally influenced habitats in the Gironde Estuary. Reconstructed distributions predominantly supported estuary-associated, coastal and shelf habitat use, with more extensive coastal movements in some individuals and later use of deeper shelf habitats in the longest well-resolved record. These findings provide key insights into the habitat use and migration patterns of this economically important species and highlight the importance of protecting critical aggregation and spawning areas for effective spatial management.
The energy vulnerability of the Fisheries and Aquaculture Sector (FAS) threatens coastal livelihoods, food security, and the viability of small-scale fishers and aquaculture producers. This paper examines the interindustry energy relationships of the FAS in Greece using a fuel-specific, single-country, non-competitive Environmentally Extended Input–Output Analysis (EEIOA) framework from both demand and supply-driven perspectives. It estimates energy linkages and leakages and assesses the transmission of energy cost increases to output prices. The findings reveal that: (i) the FAS presents above economy-wide average energy linkages for liquid fuels, indicating an energy-intensive profile within its domestic supply chain; (ii) the sector demonstrates above-average energy leakages for gasoline and diesel, reflecting domestic energy requirements under import substitution; (iii) upstream energy dependence is mainly associated with transport and electricity-related activities, while downstream relationships are concentrated in food processing and tourism-related sectors; and (iv) the cost–price analysis indicates high sensitivity of FAS output prices to cost increases in ‘Coke and refined petroleum products’ and ‘Mining and quarrying’, whereas electricity cost increases generate relatively limited price effects. These findings support fuel-specific interventions and supply-chain coordination, providing evidence for more targeted energy-transition policies in FAS.
Coral reef tourism generates significant direct and indirect revenue worldwide. However, these figures do not reflect the total value of the non-material benefits they provide, nor the cost of conserving them or the value forfeited when they are damaged. Substantial funding is needed to address the major threats to coral reefs worldwide, as well as the uncertainty surrounding their restoration in the context of climate change. This paper uses choice modelling to evaluate the economic value of coral reefs' non-material contributions and the importance of their attributes to tourists in Huatulco, Mexico. Biodiversity, water visibility, crowding, tourist motivations, typologies and socio-economic variables are assessed as determinants of tourists' willingness to pay, as is the payment mechanism. The results show that water clarity is the most highly valued attribute at USD $258, followed by biodiversity at USD $188, with crowding valued at USD -43. The utility function of divers is positively related to improvements in ecological attributes, less crowding and tourists' motivations and specialization. In contrast, willingness to pay decreases with age, price and gender. These findings support the development of multi-institutional economic instruments for coral reef conservation and are useful for managing marine protected areas.
Sandy coast resilience reflects interacting geomorphic, ecological and management conditions, yet their spatial and temporal variation remains difficult to compare within a common assessment framework. We integrate 12 indicators representing geomorphological, ecological, socio-economic, institutional, and engineering factors into three functional dimensions of resistance (Res), recovery potential (Rec), and adaptability (Ada) to assess sandy coast resilience (SCR). We apply the integrated framework to the sandy coast of Haiyang City, China, using multi-source datasets from 2017, 2019, 2021, and 2023. A total of 970 shore-normal transects were grouped into 10 assessment units, which were used to assess the contributions of individual resilience dimensions, the spatio-temporal patterns of SCR, and the indicators strongly associated with SCR variation. The results showed that higher SCR classes covered larger areas in 2023 than in 2017, although the changes were spatially uneven. Normalized dimension scores indicated that Ada was generally higher than Rec and Res and increased more markedly over time, whereas Rec and Res changed relatively little overall but exhibited marked spatial variation. Higher resilience classes expanded mainly in the eastern sectors with more favorable coastal conditions, whereas lower classes persisted in the more fragmented western sectors. Descriptive Spearman coefficients and Geodetector q-statistics indicated that beach width, vegetation condition, coastal elevation and coastal structure factors showed the strongest internal associations with SCR variation. This case study shows that the integrated SCR framework can characterize spatial heterogeneity and dimension-specific constraints along a sandy coast subject to human activities, providing a basis for differentiated coastal management.
Ship collision liability analysis is an important component of maritime safety governance. However, generating complete and rule-consistent liability analyses from unstructured accident narratives remains difficult because accident facts, navigational duties, causal chains, and the COLREGs must be considered together. This study proposes a rule-constrained large language model framework with lightweight knowledge graph refinement. Firstly, this study proposes a Maritime Collision Causal Distillation method that converts accident reports into structured causal representations and supervised fine-tuning samples while preserving rule-relevant evidence and liability logic. Then, the large language model is fine-tuned to generate structured liability analyses. A COLREGs-based lightweight knowledge graph is further introduced as a post-generation quality gate. It corrects missing or inappropriate rule citations, liability-label inconsistencies, and incomplete liability allocations. Experiments on ship collision cases demonstrate improved consistency, traceability, and rule relevance. The framework provides preliminary analytical support for maritime accident review and safety governance.
