Jo & atilde;o de Loureiro (1717 - 1791) is best known for his magnum opus Flora Cochinchinensis (Vietnam). Even though the history of his collections was treated by Elmer Drew Merrill (1876 - 1956) in 1935, doubts remained regarding the existence of the Loureiro Herbarium and additional, associated materials that could be construed as original, especially for typification purposes of the names that Loureiro published. Loureiro's work and legacy is also linked to ethical, political, and legal issues that remain particularly pertinent to reconsider. These issues are addressed and discussed against a historical background. Even though the focus of his work was the flora of Vietnam, Loureiro was also the first collector in East Africa and recorded 50 taxa in that region. These are reviewed and catalogued, with reference to the specimens that have been located.
Morphological and molecular analyses using target sequencing were employed to investigate the generic classification of Ochnaceae subtribe Ochninae. The universal Angiosperms353 and Ochnaceae-specific probe kits were used to recover low copy nuclear genes on a sampling of 65 samples including 59 Ochninae and 6 outgroups to reconstruct a multi-species coalescent phylogenetic tree. We confirmed that the genus Campylospermum Tiegh. as currently recognised includes two clades that are not closely related, despite remarkable similarity in flower and fruit form. The two clades can however be separated on a combination of characters including embryo morphology, stipule form and leaf venation. By appropriate lectotypification, Campylospermum s.s. becomes a genus of 41 species confined to Continental Africa that is sister to the genus Rhabdophyllum Tiegh. The Asian, Malagasy and remaining African species are transferred to the genus Philomeda Noronha ex Thouars from Madagascar with no validly published species names. Philomeda is sister to Brackenridgea A. Gray. Here, 11 new combinations in Philomeda are made. Certainly, more will be needed for Madagascar and Asia, but further taxonomic research is required before they can be published. One new combination in Campylospermum is included to resolve a nomenclatural problem, and several new lectotypes are designated. An identification key to the genera of Ochninae is presented.
Pierre-Joseph Redout & eacute;'s Les Liliac & eacute;es is a famous work on petaloid monocots with a complex background published in Paris in 1802-1815. While the plant illustrations were produced by Redout & eacute; and a team of engravers and printers, Augustin-Pyramus de Candolle, Fran & ccedil;ois Delaroche and Alire Raffeneau-Delile provided the plant descriptions. Based on archival evidence it is shown that the text for volumes 5-7 was written by Delaroche (not as previously believed for volumes 5-6), while volumes 1-4 are by Candolle and volume 8 with a few exceptions by Raffeneau-Delile. The pertinent herbarium record is extremely fragmentary, but a small number of specimens has been traced in the herbarium of the Conservatoire etJardin botaniques in Geneva, which help to interpret the names validated in Les Liliac & eacute;es. In addition, the archives of this institution preserve a selection of black proofs and colour proofs of the engravings which offer a peephole to Redout & eacute;'s studio, while several letters offer additional information on the working process. Augustin-Pyramus de Candolle's role in the project, his special interest in Narcissus L. resulting in the current subdivision of this genus and his contacts with Delaroche and Raffeneau-Delile are discussed. In an appended list the historical and correct names are provided for all plants illustrated on tab. 1-240 and 480-486, which have been provided with descriptions and comments by Candolle.
The new species Synsepalum longi1orum Nzoyeuem, O. Lachenaud & Sonk & eacute;, endemic to the Sanaga basin in Cameroon, is described and illustrated. It is easily separated from its congeners by its red and yellow corolla with an exceptionally long tube (20-42 mm vs. <= 7 mm in other species). These characteristics are strongly suggestive of bird pollination, so far undocumented in African Sapotaceae. The species is preliminary assessed as "Vulnerable" [ VU] in accordance with the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
The new species Pentacalia formosaJ. Calvo & & Aacute;.J. P & eacute;rez (Compositae) is described from southern Ecuador, where it was found in remnants of subtropical and montane forest. It belongs to the species group with mostly terminal, corymbiform synflorescences with radiate capitula and indumentum on the abaxial leaf surfaces. Among them, it differs by its pentagonal stems, denticulate leaf margin, quite large capitula with 10-11 involucral bracts on long peduncles, 12-13 ray florets showing well-developed limbs, and 34-36 disc florets. The species is preliminary assessed as "Endangered" [EN] using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. A distribution map and pictures of living plants are provided.
The genus Belosynapsis Hassk. (Commelinaceae) is morphologically related to Cyanotis D. Don but can be distinguished by having polypetalous corollas. Belosynapsis ciliata is reported to range from southern China and Japan to New Guinea, with three disjunct collections from southern Madagascar. New observations of the Malagasy collections revealed that several characters to separate them from Belosynapsis exist, in particular, the fact of displaying gamopetalous corollas. A phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplast trnL-trnF intergenic spacer DNA sequence data confirms that the Malagasy collections belong to Cyanotis; however, their morphology does not match any known species. We describe a new species, Cyanotis natalia Boluda & Tahinarivony, to accommodate the individuals previously recognized as B. ciliata (Blume) Bakh. f. from Madagascar, thereby restricting the latter species to Asia-Pacific region. The new species is characterized by the production of terminal, turion-like shoots that become free when the stem dies off during the dry season. In the absence of turions, it can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: plants without underground storage organs, basal rosette of leaves absent, stems short-lived, long and creeping, leaves ovate to lanceolate, and lateral inflorescence comprising 1-5 flowers enclosed within a leaf-like bract.
Quintanar, A., M. Cheek, P. Barber & aacute; & D.J. Harris (2025). Lost in the swamp: Drypetes corrugata, a threatened new species from Central Africa, and its two sister species, D. chevalieri and D. tessmanniana (Putranjivaceae). Candollea 80: 197-211. In English, English abstract. We present a new species of Drypetes Vahl (Putranjivaceae), D. corrugata J. L & eacute;onard ex Quintanar et al., a small tree found in riverine forests, often periodically flooded, of the Congo Basin, in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. It is known from 11 gatherings and we compare it with the most similar species, D. chevalieri Beille and D. tessmanniana (Pax) Pax & K. Hoffm., of which we have studied 157 gatherings from West Africa and another 66 from Central Africa, respectively. A taxonomic treatment of the three species is provided, including detailed descriptions, typification of the names, a comparative table summarising their main morphological differences, and an illustration of the new species. Preliminary conservation assessments using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria indicate that D. corrugata is "Vulnerable" [VU] and both D. chevalieri and D. tessmanniana are "Least Concern" [LC].
The Oak Spring Garden Library, Upperville (VA), keeps a manuscript which contains drawings and proof prints subsequently published in Fran & ccedil;ois Delaroche's Eryngiorum nec non generis novi Alepideae historia, Paris, 1808, the first monograph of the genus Eryngium L. (Apiaceae). Prepared by Pierre-Jean-Fran & ccedil;ois Tur pin and Marie Castanet Delaroche the drawings are analyzed here. It is shown that they can in part be correlated with herbarium specimens gathered by various collectors. However, this material shows marked signs of erosion over time and is less complete than the pictorial record. In an appendix at the end of the present contribution, Delaroche's taxonomic novelties are listed together with their current names, the folio numbers of the Oak Spring Garden Library manuscript and the names of the illustrators involved.
The replacement name Helichrysum henrici J. Calvo & Callm. is proposed as a substitute for the illegitimate name H. lanuginosum Humbert, later homonym of H. lanuginosum A. Cunn. ex DC. (= Coronidium lanuginosum (A. Cunn. ex DC.) Paul G. Wilson). A lectotype is further designated here for Humbert's name.
Two new species of Senecio L. (Compositae) are described from the high Andes of Bolivia: S. huperzioides M. Z & aacute;rate and S. tricrucensis M. Z & aacute;rate & J. Calvo. Senecio huperzioides presents a morphology quite unique among its Bolivian congeners and is known from a single locality in southeastern Cochabamba Province. This species keys out near S. potosianus Klatt but any confusion is unlikely; it is tentatively accommodated within Senecio subser. Polyphylli. Senecio tricrucensis is described from the Cordillera Tres Cruces (Cordillera Quimsa Cruz) in the province of La Paz. This new species has hitherto been misidentified as S. aquilaris Cabrera but it clearly differs from the latter one in having, among other characters, whitish corollas and blackish anthers and style branches; it is placed in Senecio subser. Caespitosi. The new species are taxonomically discussed, illustrated, and their conservation status preliminary assessed. An identification key and pictures of living plants are also provided.
Luetzelburgia sotoi D.B.O.S. Cardoso, L.P. Queiroz & H.C. Lima, a species described from Santa Cruz Department in Bolivia, is recorded for the first time in Paraguay. A succinct morphological description is provided, as well as data concerning phenology, ecology, distribution, and conservation status in Paraguay.
Two new Combretum Loefl. subg. Combretum (Combretaceae) species are described and illustrated from north-east Madagascar. They are restricted to the forests of the Loky Manambato protected area [Paysage Harmonieux Prot & eacute;g & eacute; de Loky Manambato]. Combretum microflorum Jongkind & Nusb. can be distinguished from all other Combretum subg. Combretum species on Madagascar by the small size of the flowers (receptacle c. 2.5 mm long), whereas C. nanophyllum Jongkind & Nusb. differs in having small leaves (blade 0.8 -2.7 x 0.6 - 1.5 cm). The distribution and ecology of the two new species are discussed and their conservation status is provisionally assessed following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
While revising the Malagasy Sapotaceae, a new species belonging to the Western Indian Ocean Islands' endemic genus Labramia A. DC. was discovered. Sympatric with the widespread littoral forest L. bojeri A. DC., type of the genus, L. samiana Randriarisoa & L. Gaut. is a taller tree with smaller leaves and flowers, and its habitat is rather the lowland moist evergreen forest inland. It is more similar to L. capuronii Aubr & eacute;v., to which it is morphologically compared. The species is described and illustrated, and a distribution map is presented. A preliminary conservation assessment using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria indicates that the species is "Endangered".
