This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in Marathi Sign Dialect (MSL) recognition and interpretation, focusing on the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Existing research demonstrates the effectiveness of CNNs in extracting and classifying features from MSL gestures, leading to promising accuracy rates. Despite these advancements, challenges such as data scarcity and the inherent complexity of MSL remain. To address these limitations, future research should explore hybrid approaches that integrate CNNs with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) systems. By combining the strengths of these techniques, we can anticipate further improvements in MSL recognition and interpretation, ultimately enhancing communication accessibility for the Marathi sign language community
This project focuses on designing and developing a smart mirror, a digital device that integrates calendar synchro- nization and customizable widget functionality to enhance ev- eryday convenience. By providing real-time updates on weather, news, and schedules, the smart mirror aims to improve per- sonal productivity. Built on user-centered design principles, the interface is intuitive, ensuring seamless interaction. The project explores the technical aspects of integrating APIs, such as the Google Calendar API, while incorporating advanced features like voice command systems, touch interfaces, and IoT integration for synchronization with other smart devices. It delves into the methodologies, tools, and technologies used during development, highlighting the challenges faced, including technical limitations and interface optimization. Future iterations of smart mirrors will benefit from these insights, improving functionality and user experience. Ultimately, this report will conclude with a discussion on how smart mirrors can play a central role in future smart homes, enhancing connectivity and everyday routines.
The purpose of this study was to compare the motor ability and physiological variables between men soccer players and bachelor of Physical Education Students. A total of thirty (N=30) subjects were selected randomly from North 24 parganas district for this study. Out of 30 players, 15 players were from soccer players and 15 from bachelor of Physical Education Students. The age of the players ranged from 18 to 21 years. The variable undertake for the study are: speed, agility and resting plus rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure. Mean standard deviation and t-test ware used as statistical calculations at 0.05 level of confidence. The result of study ware reflects that speed significance and agility, resting pulse rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure no significance deference observed between men soccer player and bachelor of physical education students.
This systematised literature review explores current materials that optimise both strength-to-weight ratio and sustainability in aerospace applications, a critical challenge to reducing the industry's environmental impact while maintaining high-performance standards. The review focuses on the properties and applications of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs), Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymers (GFRPs), and Aluminium Alloys (AAs). Through a detailed review of these materials, the paper evaluates their ability to address the issues of both high performance through strength-to-weight ratios and sustainability through recyclability and reusability. The findings highlight that CFRPs offer superior strength-to-weight ratios but face sustainability challenges due to recycling difficulties. GFRPs, while less strong, provide a more cost-effective and recyclable option suitable for secondary structures. Aluminum Alloys, particularly the 2XXX and 7XXX series, offer high performance and recyclability with some drawbacks, making them a viable choice for various aerospace components. This study addresses the need to understand which materials provide high strength while maintaining low weight in aerospace applications; simultaneously, there is a pressing need to address sustainability through recyclability and reusability in the aerospace industry.
Arun Joshi, prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award winner novelist for his The Last Labyrinth is a distinct name in the field of Indian English fiction. He holds a place of singular merit in Indian writing in English dealing with the relevant themes of modern period. He has given a new direction to Indian literary scene mainly concerning his writing with the moral and spiritual problems of contemporary man and defines the nature of man and his confrontation with society while he is constantly drifting between right and wrong choices of living. Arun Joshi has given a new shape and treatment to modern man’s vision turning his existentialist quest and identity crisis to a positive direction. He has aroused a genuine faith in the integrity of human values, relations and culture and tried to mould the individual towards a fruitful and hopeful life. He has to his credit five novels – The Foreigner (1968), The Strange Case of Billy Biswas (1971), The Apprentice (1974), The last Labyrinth (1981) and The City and the River (1990) along with a collection of short stories entitled The Survivor. Joshi has renounced the larger world in favour of the inner nature of man and has engaged himself in a search for the essence of human living. The Apprentice narrates the story of an honest young individual Ratan Rathore, who, out of the problem of joblessness and corrupt ways of society is forced to adopt the corrupt practices and becomes apprentice of corruption but after the awakening of his soul involves self to be of good use to people and society through redemption.
The traditional educational model, long anchored in teacher-centric and rote learning methods, is increasingly seen as insufficient for today’s diverse student needs. These conventional practices, which focus on passive absorption of information and uniform teaching approaches, often lead to disengagement and diminished enthusiasm among students. A key limitation of this system is its one-size-fits-all nature, where educational content and methods are applied uniformly, neglecting individual learning differences and interests. This can result in some students falling behind or losing interest, while others may find the material repetitive and uninspiring. In contrast, modern, technology-driven, student-centric learning methods offer a more personalised and engaging approach. Advances in technology enable the creation of adaptive learning environments that cater to individual learning styles and paces. These methods use digital tools and resources to provide interactive and tailored educational experiences. For example, adaptive learning platforms utilise data to adjust content and activities based on each student’s unique needs, promoting a more effective and individualised learning process. This paper explores the shift from traditional to innovative educational practices by reviewing literature, case studies, and recent research. It argues for embracing technology-driven approaches that enhance student engagement, improve learning outcomes, and increase overall satisfaction with the educational experience. The transition to these modern methods represents a significant improvement over outdated practices, fostering a more dynamic and supportive learning environment that meets the needs of today’s learners and better prepares them for future challenges.
The music industry and its evolution are closely tied to the growth of technology, including both the creation and distribution of music in the 21st century. However, such technology has yet to impact the protection of music IP. Judicial courts handle the cases of compositional copyright infringement in a subjective manner–taking in the opinions of many factfinders as if the two songs “sound” similar with regard to explicit tune, style, and authorship, to arrive at a final verdict. Thus, this research explores the extent to which deep-learning models can bring forth objectivity in the proceedings of court hearings to provide a holistic view of the entire case, therefore, increasing the certainty of a court’s verdict to be justifiable.
Numerical method plays a vital role in solving real time problems that are related to Mathematics, Science, Business, Medicine and Engineering etc. As we all know that every technology is related to mathematics. Hence, among all methods present in Numerical methods, through this paper we are going to discuss about Gauss Jacobi method by considering a problem, with the parallel solution is implemented in trending programming language as in PYTHON.
Geographical location significantly impacts green marketing strategies in medium-scale industries in Kerala. The state's rich natural environment, characterized by forests, rivers, and a fragile ecosystem, encourages industries to adopt eco-friendly practices. Kerala’s vulnerability to climate change, including floods and coastal erosion, further pushes businesses to incorporate sustainability into their marketing. Industries often emphasize the use of renewable energy, locally sourced materials, and waste reduction. Additionally, Kerala’s environmentally conscious consumers drive demand for green products, prompting industries to highlight eco-certifications and sustainable practices in their marketing strategies to appeal to this market. The present study is aim to find out effect of geographical location on green marketing strategies in medium-scale industries in Kerala. The sample size used for the present study was 300. Multi-stage sampling was used in this study. 100 respondents are selected from each of the 3 zones. t-test is the statistical test used in this study. The result shows that there is a significant effect of geographical location on green marketing strategies in medium-scale industries in Kerala.
Increasing reliance on technology has significantly heightened the risk of cyberattacks, making them a pervasive issue for individuals and businesses alike. Cyberattacks, such as ransomware, phishing, malware, and data breaches, affect people of all ages and technical expertise. This paper examines the common cybersecurity threats and underscores the critical need for robust cybersecurity protocols. It explores the severe consequences of cyberattacks, including financial losses, disruption of personal and business activities, and identity theft, emphasizing the importance of preventive measures. Utilizing secondary research, this discussion highlights trends in cyberattacks, practical solutions for risk mitigation, and emerging technologies and strategies to enhance cybersecurity. By implementing these essential protocols, individuals and businesses can safeguard their data, create a safer online environment, and foster greater trust in digital interactions.
Background: According to all of the Rasashastra texts, Pravala (Coral) is one of the nine ratnas (precious stones). Pravala is a great source of natural calcium and other trace elements, which is why it is utilized extensively in ayurvedic medicine. But Pravala has been extensively used even before the advancements in Rasa Shastra. In some era, it has been exclusively used for aesthetic purposes, in some other, it has been included as crude ingredient along with other herbal ingredients for using internally. The real application of Pravala as medicine seems to have happened between 9th and 14th century. Objective: To critically review the presence and utilization of Pravala from Vedic period to treatises of Rasa Shastra. Materials and Methods: Present work has been reviewed and complied the description and utilization of Pravala in different contexts, the change of mode of usage as and how we read over through the course of history, starting from Samhita Kala ( 10th Cent BC ) to Treatises of Rasa Shastra ( 9th Cent AD to 14th Cent AD). Result: Data from the critical review of different historical era has been compiled to understand the application of Pravala. Conclusion: Although Pravala was first only appreciated for its aesthetic qualities, as time went on, its potential for therapeutic use was discovered, and by the end of the 14th century, Rasa Shastra Books has provided more information on the many preparations of Pravala as well as its uses, with its indications in the management of various ailments.
दृश्य कलाएँ संस्कृति और समाज को आकार देने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाती हैं, जो विभिन्न समूहों के बीच अभिव्यक्ति, संचार और संबंध के लिए एक शक्तिशाली माध्यम के रूप में कार्य करती हैं। यह लेख सांस्कृतिक पहचान, सामाजिक टिप्पणी, आर्थिक विकास और शिक्षा में दृश्य कलाओं के बहुमुखी योगदान की जाँच करता है। यह इस बात पर प्रकाश डालता है कि दृश्य कलाएँ सामाजिक मूल्यों को कैसे दर्शाती हैं और सामुदायिक जुड़ाव को बढ़ावा देती हैं, साथ ही तेज़ी से बदलती दुनिया में नवाचार को भी बढ़ावा देती हैं। स्वदेशी कला, समकालीन प्रथाओं और सार्वजनिक कला पहलों सहित विभिन्न उदाहरणों के विश्लेषण के माध्यम से, यह लेख सांस्कृतिक विरासत को बढ़ाने और सामाजिक सामंजस्य को बढ़ावा देने में दृश्य कलाओं की आवश्यक भूमिका को दर्शाता है। स्वदेशी कला रूप ऐतिहासिक आख्यानों और सामुदायिक परंपराओं को समाहित करते हैं, जो अपनेपन की भावना को बढ़ावा देते हैं। इस बीच, समकालीन प्रथाएँ सामाजिक मानदंडों को चुनौती देती हैं और असमानता और पर्यावरणीय गिरावट जैसे मुद्दों पर आलोचनात्मक चर्चाओं को उत्तेजित करती हैं। इसके अतिरिक्त, दृश्य कलाओं का आर्थिक प्रभाव महत्वपूर्ण है, जो रोजगार सृजन और शहरी पुनरोद्धार में योगदान देता है, जबकि कला शिक्षा छात्रों के बीच रचनात्मकता और आलोचनात्मक सोच को बढ़ावा देती है। दृश्य कलाओं की विविध भूमिकाओं को पहचान कर और उनका समर्थन करके, समाज एक अधिक समावेशी और जीवंत समुदाय का निर्माण कर सकता है। अंततः, यह लेख सांस्कृतिक अनुभवों को समृद्ध करने और विभिन्न सामाजिक समूहों के बीच संबंधों को बढ़ावा देने में दृश्य कलाओं के महत्व को रेखांकित करता है।
This comprehensive document addresses the global issue of food insecurity and starvation, examining its prevalence, causes, prevention strategies, health impacts, agricultural practices, healthcare access in rural areas, and community initiatives. With statistics revealing the severity of the problem, the paper emphasizes the importance of addressing hunger through collaborative efforts, early alerts, effective programming, and financial and political actions. Furthermore, it explores the impact of malnutrition on hospital outcomes and delves into the link between climate change and starvation. The research also presents interventions categorized by their focus on buying power, food prices, and the social environment, providing insights into potential solutions. Finally, the document illustrates the impact pathways from climate change to starvation.
Modern studies have suggested a positive correlation between the process of chewing, medically known as mastication, and brain function. The major brain parts associated with mental activity are the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, which are integral for memory and learning. Regarding this relationship, declined mastication causes dysfunction of brain parts. Reduced mastication produces the degeneration of hippocampus neurons, leading to the risk of the development of dementia and increasing the probability of having Alzheimer’s disease. The declining process generally happens to old people undergoing teeth loss, salivary defect, or motor impairment. This paper indicates several in-depth research studies and the results derived from epidemiologists, as well as additional researchers from various fields on both the negative and positive effects of mastication on brain activity.
The Pythagorean Theorem has been a cornerstone of mathematics since its discovery, offering profound insights and practical applications across various fields. This paper explores the historical origins and numerous proofs of the theorem, emphasizing its enduring significance. Through an analysis of classical and modern proof techniques, including dissection proofs, similar triangle proofs, and newly discovered frame arrangements, this study highlights the theorem's versatility and impact. Additionally, the paper discusses the wide-ranging applications of the Pythagorean Theorem in contemporary society, from computer graphics and navigation to physics and engineering, demonstrating its essential role in both theoretical and practical contexts.
The present study is a proposal for an investigation into the role of emotional intelligence in ensuring environmentally friendly behavior in the Ambikapur region, Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh is well known for its biodiversity and cultural heritage, both of which have thrived together in blissful consonance with each other for years. However, in recent times, the region has not remained untouchable from the influence of incessant westernization and modernization leading to changing lifestyles of the natives and their consumption patterns causing growing environmental concerns. This study examines the psychological antecedents of changing predisposition towards sustainable consumption to explore the possibility of driving the adoption of green behaviour among residents, thus shedding light on a critical yet often overlooked aspect of environmental conservation efforts.
The determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in Ixora polyantha Wight is crucial for assessing its pharmacological potential. The ethanolic extract exhibited a high phenolic content of 113.5 µg/ml, indicating the plant's capacity as a significant source of natural antioxidants that neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative cellular damage. This finding aligns with the plant’s traditional uses in treating inflammation, wounds, and oxidative stress-related disorders, supported by a strong correlation (R² = 0.9977) confirming the reliability of the Folin-Ciocalteu method for quantification. Additionally, the extract displayed a moderate flavonoid content of 56.6 µg/ml, further supporting its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9996) from the Aluminum Chloride Colorimetric method validates the accuracy of these measurements, essential for standardizing herbal formulations. Collectively, the identified phenolic and flavonoid contents position Ixora polyantha as a promising medicinal plant, suggesting potential applications in managing oxidative stress, inflammatory diseases, and infections. Further studies are necessary to isolate and characterize specific bioactive compounds, enhancing the development of standardized herbal formulations for clinical use. These findings underscore the plant's significance in traditional medicine and its promise for modern therapeutic applications.
Vedic Mathematics, derived from the ancient Indian scriptures known as the Vedas, offers a powerful and systematic approach to solving complex mathematical problems using 16 primary sutras and 13 sub-sutras. These techniques, rediscovered in the 20th century by Jagadguru Swami Bharati Krishna Tirthaji Maharaj, provide mental shortcuts and patterns that dramatically simplify calculation methods. This paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of all the sutras and sub-sutras, their applications in arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, and their benefits over traditional mathematical methods. Furthermore, the paper will delve into real-life applications, advantages, and limitations of Vedic Mathematics, along with its potential to revolutionize modern educational practices.
Social media is a new but powerful medium in the field of mass communication, due to its influence, unprecedented changes have taken place in the world. It has changed itself since its birth and has been continuously changing the world's thinking, lifestyle, behavior and work style among other things. This change has both advantages and disadvantages. The younger generation has been the most affected by this. Social media have taught this generation to connect with the world, but it is impossible to assess the accuracy of the information and data available on various platforms of social media. The information received here can be misleading. It can also be misused by distorting it or changing its form. Not only this, rumours and riots can be instigated by editing any video or photo. In the same way, cyber crime is the most significant issue relating to social media. The biggest side effect of social media is on our mental health. People are experiencing depression, anxiety and loneliness as a result of their addiction. Our social relationships are also being affected by this addiction. Sharing personal information on social media platforms can cause many individuals to lose their privacy. Not only this, online fraud and harassment have become a common occurrence today. Therefore, today along with the youth, all of us need to be aware and to avoid these ill effects, it is very important to use social media in a balanced and responsible manner.
The world population is rising, and technological measures must be taken to provide food security, particularly for the essential animal protein required by the expanding human population. Several initiatives are devoted to fish production to meet the need. Aquatic ecosystems have been studied by establishing fish production facilities (Aizonou et al., 2021). Fish is an important source of animal protein that humans need to maintain their health. It contains omega-3 fatty acids necessary to protect humans from heart and circulatory diseases. Fish protein is characterized by ease of digestion, absorption, and representation compared to the protein found in meat and poultry (Yue et al, 2020). Fish is a cheap source of animal protein for our food. Fish production includes the finned true fish as well as shellfish such as prawns and molluscs. There are two ways of obtaining fish. One is from natural resources, which is called capture fishing. The other way is by fish farming, which is called culture fishery. The water source of the fish can be either seawater or freshwater, such as in rivers and ponds. Fishing can thus be done both by capturing and culture of fish in marine and freshwater ecosystems. The state has brought fish culture to about 90% of the total area suitable for aquaculture. Centrally sponsored scheme Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) had a clear impact which was implemented in 2007 and during that period the growth in Chhattisgarh fisheries was 13.8%. The shows Government hatcheries 2016-17, 2017-18,2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21- 3.77 lakh tone 4.57 lakh tone 4.89 lakh tone 5.37 lakh tone 5.77 lakh tone Fish Production Growth production.
