Objective: To investigate the clinical application value of the combined detection of serum tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), glycan antigen 199 (CA199), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Fifty-one patients with hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed for the first time in our hospital from September 2022 to November 2024 were collected as the hepatocellular carcinoma group, and 24 patients with cirrhosis of admitted to our hospital during the same period were selected as the cirrhosis group, and 26 patients were selected as the hepatitis group. CEA and CA199 were detected using chemiluminescence, and ALT, GGT and ALP were detected using enzyme assay, and the differences in the levels of the five test items were compared among the hepatocellular carcinoma group, cirrhosis group and hepatitis group, and the value of the combined item tests for the differential diagnosis of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma was predicted by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Results: The positive rates of serum biochemical indexes ALT, GGT and ALP in the hepatocellular carcinoma group were higher than those in the cirrhosis group and hepatitis group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In the comparison of serum ALT, GGT and ALP enzyme activity levels among the three groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and in the comparison of CEA and CA199 levels, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Under the ROC of subjects, the AUC area of combined detection of CEA, CA199, ALT, GGT, ALP was larger than that of separate detection, and the specificity and sensitivity of combined detection were 96.77% and 96.08% in turn, which were higher than that of separate detection, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Combined detection of CEA, CA199, ALT, GGT, ALP can improve the diagnostic ability of the hepatocellular carcinoma.
Background: In recent years, the impact of microplastics on metabolic disorders has attracted widespread attention. As the field develops rapidly, analyzing research trends and identifying research hotspots is crucial to guide future directions, and a comprehensive bibliometric analysis can provide valuable insights for this purpose.Methods: This study focused on documents published between 2019 and 2026, and the data came from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Use CiteSpace and VOSviewer to conduct visual analysis of authors, institutions, countries, co-cited references and keywords to reveal the knowledge structure and emerging trends in the field.Results: A total of 140 documents from 66 journals, involving 971 researchers, 480 institutions and 41 countries/regions, were included in the analysis. The number of published articles worldwide is on the rise, especially in the past decade. China is the country with the most publications, Capital Medical University is the institution with the most publications, and Jin and Yuanxiang are the authors with the most publications. Keyword analysis shows that current research hotspots include nanoplastics, inflammation, polystyrene nanoplastics, and glucose metabolism.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the global research landscape, highlights the rapid growth and increasing complexity of the field, identifies key research hotspots and trends, and points to emerging directions that are critical for the further development of the field.
Ovulation maturation disorders represent one of the underlying causes of recurrent assisted reproductive therapy failures in certain infertile women. With continuous advancements in science and technology, significant progress has been made in the research on ovulation maturation disorders. This review aims to systematically summarize the current state of research on the etiology of ovulation maturation disorders and, by providing an in-depth understanding of the latest advances in this field, to offer patients more effective clinical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Purpose: Based on the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the feasibility of acupuncture delaying facial senescence was discussed. Methods: Acupuncture delaying facial senescence was demonstrated through the excavation of classical Chinese medicine theory, integrated analysis and modern research support. Results: Acupuncture promoted the balance of yin and yang of five zang-organs, promoted the filling of skin qi and blood, and adjusted the contour of skin, so as to promote the lifting and firming of the face, thus achieving the purpose of resisting senescence. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine theory lays the foundation for acupuncture cosmetology in theory, and modern research provides powerful support for acupuncture cosmetology.
Background: Pacific Island countries are highly vulnerable to hydrometeorological disasters, but comparable quantitative evidence on how such disasters affect climate-sensitive disease burden across countries remains limited. This study examined whether disaster-related health associations varied across diseases, outcome dimensions, and lag structures.Methods: We conducted an ecological country-year panel study of 11 Pacific Island countries from 2000 to 2023 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, EM-DAT, the World Development Indicators, the Global Health Expenditure Database, and the ND-GAIN Country Index. Two-way fixed-effects models with country-clustered standard errors were used to estimate associations of disaster occurrence and disaster count with aggregate and disease-specific disease burden outcomes, with alternative incidence and death outcomes, lag terms, supplementary sensitivity analyses, wild cluster bootstrap tests for selected coefficients, and interaction models involving health expenditure and ND-GAIN readiness.Results: No stable short-term average association was observed between hydrometeorological disasters and the aggregate climate-sensitive age-standardized DALY rate. In fully adjusted models, the coefficients for disaster occurrence and disaster count were 17.56 (95% CI: −12.43 to 47.54) and 9.39 (95% CI: −9.46 to 28.25), respectively. Disease-specific analyses revealed marked heterogeneity. The most robust finding was a delayed positive association between disaster occurrence and protein-energy malnutrition burden, with coefficients of 10.68 (95% CI: −0.13 to 21.49) at a 1-year lag and 13.65 (95% CI: 0.73 to 26.56) at a 2-year lag; both remained significant in wild cluster bootstrap tests (p = 0.026 and p = 0.032). By contrast, diarrheal disease signals were weaker and not robust under stricter inference. Disaster-related signals were more evident for the aggregate climate-sensitive incidence rate than for the aggregate death rate, although the incidence association remained borderline under bootstrap testing.Conclusions: Hydrometeorological disasters were not associated with a stable short-term increase in the aggregate climate-sensitive DALY burden in Pacific Island countries, but their health effects showed clear disease-specific and time-dependent heterogeneity. The most robust evidence was concentrated in delayed nutrition-related burden, suggesting that climate-resilient health strategies in the Pacific should extend beyond emergency response to include stronger nutritional resilience, surveillance capacity, and cross-sector coordination.
This study developed and optimized a novel standardized training system for operating room nurses based on a three-dimensional, four-layer, five-cycle framework, aiming to facilitate standardized and homogeneous nursing talent training in tertiary hospitals. A self-controlled before-and-after design was adopted, with traditional training in 2024 as the control and optimized systematic closed-loop training in 2025 as the experimental intervention. Comprehensive optimizations were made to the training framework, hierarchical content, diversified teaching modes and full-process assessment mechanisms. Relevant training and assessment indicators were compared between the two phases. Results revealed substantial increases in annual training sessions (26.74%), class hours (25.17%) and participations (39.50%). Nurses’ infection control assessment performance, training satisfaction, professional participation and teaching-research achievements were also significantly improved (P＜0.05). This optimized training system effectively expands training coverage, standardizes training procedures, improves nurses’ post competency and promotes continuous nursing quality improvement, which is suitable for wide application in tertiary hospitals.
Objectives: To conduct a qualitative phenomenological study exploring factors for using serving chopsticks and separate dining.Methods: Qualitative phenomenological research was conducted via face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. All interview transcripts were analyzed using the seven steps of Colaizzi phenomenological data analysis and were input into the Nvivo12 (qualitative research analysis software) through sentence-by-sentence, word-by-word coding and formed themes. Results: Two main themes and fifteen sub-themes were found. The barriers in implementing serving chopsticks and separate dining include consumers bearing the cost of serving chopsticks and separate dining in the end; long-established dietary habits and culture background of willingness to share food with others by using own chopsticks or eating in one pot; the difficulty for low-end catering to implement the serving chopsticks and separate dining; separate dining bringing challenges to grasping the quantity of meals given each person’s varying preferences; weak public awareness of serving chopsticks and separate dining; their perception that troublesome and embarrassing, separate dining destroys the overall aesthetic of the food; and no sophisticated design of serving chopsticks and separate dining. Suggestions to implement serving chopsticks and separate dining include pioneering the implementation and training of communal chopsticks sharing in the restaurant industry, the collective units implementing the serving chopsticks system, producing highly recognizable serving chopsticks, creating a living atmosphere of serving chopsticks, promoting the comprehensive government system to form a new "food" fashion, conducting serving chopsticks experience activities, guarantee through government mandatory policies starting with teenagers, prioritizing the implementation of serving chopsticks, and gradually promoting the serving chopsticks system.Conclusions: Mandatory government policies and measures, public education on serving chopsticks, creating a good atmosphere for serving chopsticks, the production and sale of recognizable chopsticks and reasonable separate dining design, and the initiative of the catering industry and unit canteens to assume the responsibility of chopsticks sharing are required.
Summarize Professor Yan Yongmei's experience in treating carotid atherosclerosis by applying the theory of "phlegm, blood stasis and poison". Professor Yan Yongmei believed that the main pathogenic factors of carotid atherosclerosis were phlegm turbidities, toxicosis and blood stasis, and the interaction of phlegm, blood stasis and toxicosis was the key pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis. In the clinical treatment, we should focus on "resolving phlegm and promoting blood circulation, detoxifying toxins and clearing arteries", and emphasize that we should pay attention to life, exercise and diet.
Objective: To develop a systematic diagnosis and treatment management strategy for vaginal foreign bodies (VFBs) in prepubertal girls and to evaluate the core clinical value of vaginoscopy in this approach. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 120 prepubertal girls with vaginal foreign bodies admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2024. The systematic management pathway was summarized in four key components: risk identification, imaging evaluation, minimally invasive intervention, and health education. Results: All girls successfully underwent diagnostic vaginoscopy using a hysteroscope under intravenous anesthesia, and the foreign bodies were smoothly removed. No serious postoperative complications occurred. This systematic management pathway achieved whole‑process quality control from accurate diagnosis and non‑invasive treatment to effective prevention. Conclusion: A systematic diagnosis and treatment management system based on hysteroscopy/vaginoscopy offers significant advantages for vaginal foreign bodies in prepubertal girls, including high diagnostic accuracy, minimal trauma, few complications, and excellent long‑term outcomes. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Pregnancy complications (such as pregnancy diabetes, pregnancy hypertension, anemia, etc.) seriously threaten the health of mothers and infants. The traditional passive management model, which focuses on clinical treatment after the occurrence of complications, has problems such as delayed intervention, high cost, and limited effect. From the perspective of public health, promoting the transformation of pregnancy health management from "passive treatment" to "active nutritional intervention" is an inevitable choice to reduce the incidence of pregnancy complications and improve the health level of mother and baby. This article refers to the standardized academic paper architecture, systematically elaborates on the core differences between passive clinical management and active dietary nutrition intervention, constructs an active health management framework with maternal full cycle nutrition data as the core, multi-source monitoring as the support, risk prediction and stratified intervention as the engine, studies the key implementation paths of data collection, nutrition assessment, risk warning, personalized intervention, and effect evaluation, proposes a technology system and guarantee measures for transformation and implementation, aiming to provide theoretical and practical support for the prevention and control of pregnancy complications.
In this paper, the research status of improving oily skin at home and abroad in recent years is reviewed, and the modern treatment schemes for improving oily skin are summarized, in order to provide more schemes for clinical improvement of oily skin, and to provide the treatment methods and ideas for the treatment of acne, folliculitis and seborrheic dermatitis from the theory of preventive treatment of disease, and to provide theoretical basis for the research and clinical application of clinical treatment of oily skin.
Objective: To assess the awareness and vaccination willingness regarding HPV vaccine among parents of primary and secondary school girls in Heze City, and to identify key influencing factors, thereby providing evidence for improving local HPV vaccination coverage.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 550 parents selected by stratified cluster random sampling from October 2025 to January 2026. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 506 valid questionnaires were returned (effective response rate 92%). The vaccination willingness rate was 63.2% (320/506). Educational level, monthly household income, and family history of cancer were significantly associated with vaccination willingness (P < 0.05). Hhigher educational level (university or above: OR = 3.07, 95% CI: 1.09-8.66), monthly household income of 5000-10000 yuan (OR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.32-9.63), and a positive family history of cancer (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.11-4.76) were independent positive influencing factors.Conclusion: The willingness rate for HPV vaccination among parents of girls in Heze City was 63.2%. Higher education, higher income, and family history of cancer were positive influencing factors. Although the present study did not directly measure actual vaccination behavior, a behavior gap likely exists in similar populations based on prior reports. Targeted health education and expanded free vaccination programs are needed to promote actual uptake.
Purpose: To explore the epidemiological and genetic link between green spaces and digestive system diseases.Methods: The current study includes two main parts. The first part is a comprehensive meta-analysis of epidemiological findings, subsequently, two-sample epigenetic Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is conducted to explore the genetic associations between green spaces and digestive system diseases.Results: The meta-analysis part included seven studies, with six cohort studies and one ecological study. After pooling up all the data, we found that green space was not significantly associated with the overall risk of digestive system diseases (OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.92 to 1.01, P=0.17, I²=90.09%). Subgroup analysis showed that green space was associated with reduced risk of liver diseases (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.88 to 0.99, P=0.02, I²=79.76%). In the MR analysis, genetic evidence suggested significant causal effects between green spaces-associated DNA methylation and digestive system diseases. Specifically, the PRSS23 gene and CpG site cg10916494 were strongly associated with ulcerative colitis, indicating potential biological pathways linking green spaces and digestive system diseases.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that while epidemiological evidence did not strongly indicate that green spaces were associated with digestive system diseases. However, MR analysis indicated that significant causal effects between green spaces-associated DNA methylation and digestive system diseases existed.
Objective: To quantify fall risk among community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes and to identify its associated factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 older adults with type 2 diabetes recruited from a community health service center in Shenzhen, China, from January to August 2024. Data were collected using standardized instruments, including the Fall-Risk Self-Assessment Questionnaire (FRQ), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Multivariable linear regression was performed to identify independent predictors.Results: Overall, 43.2% of participants were classified as being at risk of falling. Fall risk scores differed significantly across demographic, clinical, and psychological variables. Multivariable analysis identified age (β=0.177), visual status (β=0.149), hypoglycemia in the past year (β=0.124), falls in the past year (β=0.287), anxiety (β=0.163), depression (β=0.119), and balance ability (β=−0.389) as independent predictors (all P < 0.05). Balance ability showed a moderate negative correlation with fall risk (r = −0.592, P < 0.001).Conclusion: Fall risk is highly prevalent among older adults with type 2 diabetes in community settings. Both physiological and psychological factors contribute to this risk, highlighting the need for a multidimensional assessment and targeted interventions.
As the population ages, the long-term care needs of elderly people with disabilities are becoming increasingly urgent. This study examines urban-rural differences in long-term care needs and their key determinants among older adults in China. Using data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we analyzed a sample of 8,533 individuals aged 60 and above with disabilities. A generalized ordered logistic regression model was applied to both the full sample and urban-rural subsamples. Results show that individuals aged 80 and above and those with four or more chronic diseases have significantly higher care needs, while better self-assessed health is associated with lower demand. Rural elderly individuals exhibit greater long-term care needs than their urban counterparts, especially those aged 80 and above, whose needs are 1.23 times higher. Chronic disease has a stronger effect on care needs in rural areas, and the protective effects of education and social participation are weaker. These findings highlight the importance of age, health status, and chronic disease burden in shaping long-term care demand and underscore significant urban-rural disparities. It is recommended that long-term care insurance be integrated into basic medical systems, prioritizing coverage for severely disabled rural populations and gradually expanding to include those with mild to moderate disabilities.
Objective: This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of the outpatient pooling reform under the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) in Chongqing, focusing on patient utilization outcomes in a tertiary hospital setting. The primary objective is to assess the extent to which the policy reduces patients’ outpatient financial burden. In addition, through heterogeneity analysis of chronic disease patients and elderly populations, the study further examines the institutional effectiveness of the policy in providing targeted protection for high-need groups.Methods: This study is based on comprehensive outpatient claims data from a large tertiary hospital in Chongqing, covering the period from January 2023 to December 2024. The dataset comprises approximately 600,000 insured individuals and 1.67 million outpatient visit records, forming a high-frequency micro-level panel dataset. First, an interrupted time series (ITS) model is employed to identify macro-level trends and immediate structural breaks at the time of policy implementation, with Newey–West heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent standard errors applied to correct for serial correlation. Second, a two-way fixed effects (TWFE) model is constructed to track within-individual behavioral changes before and after policy implementation, controlling for individual heterogeneity and seasonal effects to identify the net micro-level impact of the policy. Finally, robustness checks are conducted through placebo tests using pseudo-policy implementation dates and by replacing the age threshold used to define elderly status.Results: The empirical analysis yields several key findings. In terms of financial burden, the policy demonstrates a significant and robust reduction effect. The ITS results show an immediate decline of 12.5 percentage points in the self-payment ratio (95% CI: -0.169, -0.080). The TWFE model indicates that, for the same individual, the self-payment ratio decreases by an average of 24.2 percentage points, while total out-of-pocket expenditure declines by more than 58%. Heterogeneity analysis further reveals that the policy provides disproportionately greater protection for high-need populations. Specifically, the reductions in total out-of-pocket expenditure for chronic disease patients and elderly individuals exceed those of the baseline group by an additional 5.3% and 5.1%, respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the outpatient pooling reform under UEBMI in Chongqing has led to a substantial reduction in patients’ outpatient financial burden. By incorporating pooled fund reimbursement, the policy effectively lowers out-of-pocket payments, with particularly pronounced benefits observed among elderly individuals and patients with chronic diseases.
Background: This study aims to investigate the precise relationship between the Zhejiang University index (ZJU index) and sleep-related problems.Methods: This study included 7920 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 2007 and 2014. Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, subgroup analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were employed to evaluate the relationship between the ZJU index and sleep-related problems.Results: After adjusting for all included confounders, the odds ratios (ORs) for sleep disorders, self-reported difficulty falling asleep, and short sleep duration were 1.83 (95%CI: 1.55 to 2.15, P < 0.001), 1.24 (95%CI: 1.12 to 1.37, P < 0.001), 1.17 (95%CI: 1.08 to 1.27, P < 0.001), respectively. A U-shaped nonlinear relationship between the ZJU index and sleep disorders (P-nonlinear = 0.001, point= 37.7) was identified through restricted cubic spline analysis. ROC curve analysis revealed that the ZJU index was superior to single indicators and lipid metabolism indicators in predicting sleep-related problems. Furthermore, it had a high predictive value (area under the curve = 0.710) in elderly women whose sleep disorders were diagnosed.Conclusion: The ZJU index is strongly associated with sleep-related problems in US adults. Therefore, focusing on high ZJU index levels is useful for early monitoring of sleep-related problems, especially in elderly women.
Background: Maintaining work productivity and good health is essential for healthy aging; however, their long-term co-developmental patterns remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to identify the joint longitudinal trajectories of work productivity and multidimensional health among middle-aged and older adults and to examine their associations with childhood socioeconomic status.Methods: A group-based dual trajectory model was employed to identify joint trajectories of work productivity and multidimensional health. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the associations between childhood socioeconomic status and trajectory membership.Results: Three distinct trajectories of work productivity were identified: low, decreasing, and high. Multidimensional health trajectories were classified as decreasing, moderate, and high. Individuals with persistently high productivity were more likely to follow a high health trajectory. Notably, some individuals with low productivity trajectories also maintained high health trajectories. Childhood socioeconomic indicators, including parental occupation and primary residence, were significantly associated with a decreasing productivity trajectory in later life.Conclusions: Work productivity and multidimensional health demonstrate distinct yet interconnected developmental trajectories across middle and later adulthood. Early-life socioeconomic circumstances play a significant role in shaping these long-term patterns. These findings underscore the importance of a life-course perspective in designing policies and interventions to support healthy and productive aging.
MAP regimen is a classic chemotherapy protocol for osteosarcoma. On the basis of MAP reginen, we have made three adjustments and ultimately developed an innovative regimen for direct chemotherapy in the solid tumor of osteosarcoma specifically tailored for this patient:1). Adjust the drug supply method from intravenous infusion to static pulse injection pump micro-volume slow push2). By AI positioning navigation, robot operation, static pulse injection pump micro-volume slow push, the chemotherapy drugs are accurately involved into the osteolytic destruction area of osteosarcoma, and implementing direct chemotherapy in the solid tumor of osteosarcoma. 3). Combined with autologous leukocyte implantation The patient successfully completed the direct chemotherapy in the solid tumor of osteosarcoma, combined with autologous leukocyte implantation for 4 cycles before operation, the tumor volume was reduced by about 50%, tumor was sensitive to chemotherapy, with a tumor necrosis rate of over 90%, the clinical stage has been downstaged from IIA to a potentially resectable status, with clear boundaries and no distant metastasis, providing a favorable condition for surgical resection. Compared to targeted therapy and nanotechnology, this is a more direct and more precise approach to intratumoral chemotherapy. It indeed can increase the concentration of chemotherapeutic drugs within tumors by focusing drug delivery to the tumor site, enhancing the direct killing effect on tumor targets while potentially reducing systemic side effects.The next step in the research plan is to implement direct chemotherapy in the solid tumor of malignant bone tumor while combining it with animal leukocyte transplantation, fully utilizing the particularity of immune rejection under the condition of confined space in a solid tumor to destroy the tumor microenvironment.
Microalgae, a kind of unicellular photoautotrophs that widely exist in marine and freshwater. Microalgae can accumulate a great deal of metabolites in the process of growth, then they have high-value in bioenergy, food production, health care and animal feed. Although microalgae has great potential of development, its practical application is still slow because of its various biological species, incomplete genetic information research, complex industrial production process and so on. In recent years, due to the rapid development of genomics research, especially the emergence of new gene editing techniques, people can quickly efficiently and fully figure out the genetic and molecular information of microalgae. Therefore, wide attention has been paid to the application of new gene editing technology in microalgae breeding and microalgae fermentation engineering. Based on this, this paper briefly introduces some new gene editing techniques, such as zinc finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR-associated system, and summarizes the application progress of the above techniques in microalgae gene editing and engineering.
