Objectives: This study was made to compare retention values and detect surface changes of clips in full and partial palatal coverage of bar retained maxillary implant overdenture at initial, 6 month and 1 year after insertion removal cycles. Materials and Methods: Four implants were placed at the canine and 2nd premolar region in a maxillary edentulous epoxy model using a guiding stent. Three bar attachments along with their metal housing were performed, and the clips were inserted in the metal housing. Partial and full palatal coverage overdenture was prepared, each with 2 metal housing. Retention value and initial photo of the clips were recorded before applying insertion removal cycles. Retention was measured using universal testing machine after 540 cycles (6 months) and 1080 cycles (1 year) of insertion removal on a chewing simulator and the clips were observed under the microscope using the scanning electron microscope. Results and Conclusion: There was an insignificant difference in retention between full and partial palatal coverage of implant retained maxillary overdentures. A significant difference was seen in each group independently as retention decreases over time. No difference was detected between the 2 groups initially, after 6 month, and after 1 year. Surface changes and wear were detected when comparing the 6 month and 1 year photos with the initial.
Introduction: Most root canals fail mainly due to micro leakage and bacterial infection. The presence of new or persistent periapical radiolucency adjacent to a root filled tooth is often used as a criterion for endodontic treatment failure. Most common causes of endodontic failure are incomplete obturation, inadequate coronal seal, missed canals, iatrogenic events like instrument separation, and lateral perforations. Perforations during endodontic procedures are cited as the second greatest cause of treatment failures. These perforations can be managed surgically or nonsurgically depending on various factors such as accessibility and visibility, duration and size of perforation, periodontal status, and the quality of root canal treatment, the strategic importance of the tooth, the patient’s oral hygiene, and the operator’s experience. Case Presentation: The purpose of this case report is to describe an endodontic retreatment and nonsurgical management of large periapical radiolucency in a maxillary central incisor with coronal third perforation managed successfully with MTA-Angelus without matrix. Esthetic was restored using all ceramic crowns in anterior teeth. Conclusion: Six months, one and 2 year follow-up appointments showed no signs of infection and tooth remained asymptomatic. Radiograph showed evidence of osseous repair with resolution of periapical radiolucency, reparation of periradicular tissues, and deposition of cementum over MTA at the perforation site. Despite a perceived poor prognosis, present case report showed good clinical results, and therefore the technique appears promising.
Background and Objective: Plaque control is the most important factor in periodontal therapy. Especially patient with periodontitis needs good plaque control. We have developed round-shaped toothbrush and have tested its effectiveness of plaque removal. Materials and Methods: We have selected ten volunteer students from Kyushu dental university dental hygienist course, and all volunteers were informed and consented. All members had healthy and periodontal tissue. Before examination, plaque index was calculated by O’Leary’s Plaque Control Record (PCR). After 10 min brushing by bath method, plaque index were calculated again. Results: Round-shaped toothbrush revealed significantly high plaque removal rate on lingual side of mandibular molars. Conclusion: Round-shaped toothbrush might have possibility to lead to the perfect plaque control.
Purpose: Osseointegration, which can be considered as the direct contact between living bone and implant surfaces, is critical to implant anchorage. This study was aimed at evaluating the mechanical interlocking at titanium interfaces (via. shear tests) with respect to the surface morphology, and for determining the primary contributing factors. Methods: Shear tests were performed on five different titanium surfaces, namely: 1) machined, 2) sandblasted with Al2O3, 3) acid-etched, 4) sandblasted with Al2O3 and acid-etched, and 5) sandblasted with TiO2 and acid-etched. Further, commercially available bone cement was used as the mock bone. Results: Amongst the five tested surfaces, a four-fold difference in the interfacial shear strength was observed, with the machined surface and the sandblasted acid-etched surface exhibiting the lowest and the highest values, respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the developed interfacial area ratio (Sdr) was the primary determining factor, which contributed to 60% of the interfacial shear strength; whereas, the average roughness (Sa), which is the most commonly used parameter in the field, contributed to only 12% of the interfacial shear strength. Conclusion: The results revealed that there were significant differences between the mechanical interlocking capacities of the titanium samples with various surface morphologies; this indicated that the anchorage of dental implants with the same bone-to-implant contact can differ significantly. The developed interfacial area ratio (Sdr) was therefore proposed as a reliable parameter for the determination of the interlocking capacity of titanium with bone.
Introduction: Early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer can increase cure rates from up to 50% to 80% and also improves the quality of life by decreasing the extent of debilitating treatments. Tobacco smoking, alcohol, betel quid, immunocompromised states are some of the known risk factors of the disease. It is important to not only address the patient’s chief complaint but to do a comprehensive oral examination to rule out suspicious lesions especially in patients presenting with known risk factors. Case Presentation: A 59-year old female patient presenting for treatment of periodontitis shows a nonscrapable red-white lesion with indurate borders on the lateral and ventral aspect of tongue undergoes biopsy for a histopathological diagnosis of welldifferentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Oral cancer screening is necessary at routine dental appointments, particularly for smokers to provide early detection and appropriate management.
Objective: C-reactive protein is a sensitive and dynamic systemic marker of inflammation. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines have been well documented with initiation, control and susceptibility to periodontal diseases. This study applied high-sensitivity CRP (Hs-CRP), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines to predict risk of periodontal diseases. Methods: 2200 subjects (1200 healthy subjects and 1000 chronic periodontal patients) were recruited from community of Hong Kong, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China, respectively. Blood was drawn from subjects and DNA was extracted. The polymorphic sites of C-Reactive Protein (CRP), proinflammatory (interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6 and IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) were amplified and measured via polymerase chain reaction for further analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were applied to analyze genotype distribution differences, allele frequencies and carriages rates between healthy and disease groups. Soluble protein levels of cytokines were evaluated by the t-test. Results: Genotype frequencies of CRP, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was statistically higher in periodontal-diseased patients than healthy controls (p<0.05). Prevalence of periodontal diseases was statistically correlated with carriage of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the cytokine parameters. Conclusions: Hs-CRP and cytokine gene polymorphisms may be applied as biomarkers to predict periodontitis susceptibility, clinical behavior and severity.
Context: EMG test can be used as an auxiliary method to diagnose TMDs, as it detects and graphically records the electrical potential created when the muscle fibers are activated by the neuromuscular system, and the results provide information about contraction, tone and muscular fatigue, mandibular movements by gnathography and articular noises by sonography. Aim: To analyze if the electrical activity of the masseter and temporal muscles, present a statistically significant variation when in the presence of TMD, besides the presence of muscular fatigue, mandibular movements and joint noise in individuals with TMD. Settings and Design: The sample consisted of 37 individuals, 20 were individuals of the observational group and 17 of the control group. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained in: rest and Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC), opening, closing, lateralities and protrusion. Statistical Analysis: The difference between the rest and MVC measurements was verified and the relationship of the variables with the presence of TMD was organized and submitted to statistical analysis using SPSS (IBM Statistic 20.0). Results: Statistically significant values were observed at MVC (p=0.007), MVC in right masseter (p=0.002) and left (p=0.005) and right temporal (p=0.048), in the difference between rest and MVC in right masseter (p=0.001) and left (p=0.007) and in the presence of fatigue (p=0.000), deviation/ deflection (p=0.000) and masticatory tendency (p=0.000). Conclusion: Individuals with TMD had higher muscle electrical activity at rest and lower in function, presented more fatigue and unilateral mastication, as well as greater presence of deviation/ deflection and joint noise than control group.
Gingival recession poses a multitude of problems like root sensitivity, plaque accumulation, root caries and other functional problems. Treatment options range depending on the type of recession to the condition of mucogingival tissues. Connective tissue graft in combination with coronally advanced flap has been described as a gold standard in treatment of gingival recession. This case report describes a case of absolute root coverage achieved with epithelialized graft (which was subsequently de-epithelialized) when combined with coronally advanced flap for a case of gingival recession in a Mandibular molar.
Introduction: The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the influence of the design of the preparation on the longevity of porcelain veneers that are today widely used in the treatment of unsightly anterior teeth. To do this, we’ve compared three different designs: The Type I: Window preparation leaving an intact incisal edge; The Type II: Incisal edge overlap preparation; The Type III: Palatal overlap preparation «full veneers». In order to provide a reliable treatment for saving the future of the tooth. Materials and Methods: Our study is a randomized clinical trial; on the comparison of 264 veneers stuck on 73 patients. The patient’s recruitment was done according to well-defined inclusion criteria. The information was reported on a clinical record. The study lasted 64 months with regular checks of 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 36 months, 48 months and 60 months. Results: In this study, the maxillary teeth prepared according to the three methods have shown that ceramic veneers have stable esthetic qualities; they are biologically acceptable in so far as the recommendations of current preparations are respected. The Chi square test revealed that there is statistically no significant difference between the three methods. Conclusion: The Palatine return is not routine in preparation for ceramic veneers.
The ability of titanium surfaces to retain osteogenic cells is critical for osseointegration. In particular, the cell-retention ability under exogenous force holds a key to successful osseointegration in immediately or early loaded implants. However, it is unknown which surfaces are better than the others in terms of their cell-retention ability, how much is the potential difference among different surfaces, and what topographical variables determine the ability. Rat bone marrowderived osteoblasts were cultured on titanium disks with four different surface topographies: machined, sandblasted, acid-etched, and sandblasted + acid-etched surfaces. After a 24-h incubation, cells were detached using vibrational force combined with enzymatic protein degradation (trypsinization). The cell-retention ability was greater in the order of sandblasted + acid-etched surface, sandblasted surface, acid-etched surface, and machined surface. There was a significant linear correlation between the cell-retention ability and the degree of surface roughness. Sa (average roughness) and Sdr (developed interfacial area ratio) were highly correlated with the cell-retention ability. However, the number of cells recruited during a 24-h incubation was negatively correlated with the degree of surface roughness, with the sandblasted + acid-etched surface recruiting the least number of cells. In conclusion, the rougher the titanium surfaces, the stronger their cell-retention ability. Sdr was the most effective topographical determinant to predict both cell-retention and recruitment ability.
