Introduction: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes that significantly increases the risk of foot ulceration and amputation. Early detection of loss of protective sensation (LOPS) is critical, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to validate the Ipswich Touch Test (IpTT), a simple and non-invasive screening tool, against the 10 g monofilament (MF) and other neurological assessments in individuals with Type II diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Type II diabetic patients from the XXX Diabetes (SeDia) Cohort. Participants underwent foot examinations using MF (reference standard), IpTT, and pinprick, vibration, and ankle reflex tests. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, and agreement (kappa coefficient) were calculated. Results: Among 315 participants, the prevalence of LOPS/DPN was 14.6%. IpTT demonstrated 90.5% accuracy, with a sensitivity of 41.3% and specificity of 98.9% compared to MF. Agreement between IpTT and MF was moderate (κ = 0.513, p < 0.001). Vibration testing had the highest sensitivity, while pinprick showed the best specificity. Ankle reflex testing performed poorly. Conclusion: IpTT is a highly specific and accurate screening tool suitable for use in low-resource settings. Despite limited sensitivity, it is a valuable adjunct to other neurological tests in detecting LOPS and DPN.
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with significant implications on health status and quality of life (QoL) in terms of physical, social, environmental, and psychological well-being. Old age also has a significant influence on QOL, therefore, the impact of diabetes on the QOL of older persons can be more severe. In managing these older diabetics attention needs to be paid to the clinical and sociodemographic factors that may impact their QOL so that these can be modified where possible.
A total of 315 pregnant women were included in the study. 54.9% of pregnant women were multiparous; 17.5% had a history of gestational diabetes in previous pregnancies. We found statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding body mass index prior to pregnancy, glycated hemoglobin levels at diagnosis and the occurrence of newborns who were small for gestational age versus large for gestational age.
Asparagus africanus has been claimed to possess antidiabetic activity in the ethnomedicinal literature. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of A. africanus (EAA) in control of renal complications in experimentally-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats.
Despite its widespread use and favoured profile, there are extensive variations in response to metformin therapy. Furthermore, studies reported the inter-subject variability in metformin treatment response and the occurrence of side effects were related to the differences in individual genetic profiles. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms in SLC2A2 (rs8192675) and SLC22A1 (rs72552763) are associated with treatment response and gastrointestinal intolerance (GI) to metformin, respectively, in Ethiopian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Adverse complication of anti-diabetic drugs demand for alternative novel therapy. This study investigated efficacy of Anacardium occidentale nut methanolic extract on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in pancreas of HFD/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a destructive condition, commonly affecting the foot, and manifests secondary to diabetes mellitus. We compare basic demographics and investigate trends among patients with CN treated at a large, quaternary academic medical center according to surgical procedure, attendance at physical therapy (PT), and all-cause mortality.
Background: The blood glucose level in a patient with diabetes is an important prognostic factor for any form of severe illness requiring intensive care hospitalization. We conducted this retrospective study to examine the effect of hyperglycemia on outcomes in patients with diabetes with coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Method: A retrospective analysis of 25 adult patients with diabetes with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU between 1st January to 15 th February 2021 was done. Demographics details, past medical history, random blood sugar, medical management, ventilatory requirements, and survival data were obtained from medical record files and computerized patient recording systems. Outcomes such as mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and length of hospital stay were analyzed. Result: The median age of the patients was 61 years with a male preponderance. Hypertension is the most common co-morbidity associated with diabetes patients. The median blood sugar level was consistently high in the non-survivors although the result was not statistically significant. Clinical management showed that 84% of patients received insulin, 16% (oral hypoglycemic agents) 72% (steroids) and (64%) mechanical ventilation. The median ICU stay was 8(2-72) days, the median hospital stay was 13(6-79) days and overall mortality in patients with diabetes with COVID-19 was 52%. Conclusion: Hyperglycemia in critically ill COVID-19 patients with preexisting diabetes shows worst outcome in terms of complications, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality a well-designed prospective study is needed to determine the optimal target for glucose control and its effect on outcomes in patients with diabetes and COVID-19.
One in ten adults in the United States has diabetes; the vast majority are diagnosed with type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Even though diabetes care has significantly evolved, and a wide variety of pharmacological treatments are available, approximately one-half of people with type two diabetes do not achieve a hemoglobin A1C of less than seven percent. In addition, self-management is a consequential contributor to glycemic control. In light of the mortality, morbidity, decreased quality of life, and financial burden .
Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) consists of more than 20 distinct gram-negative bacterial species. While commonly associated with cystic fibrosis (CF), BCC infections are not frequently reported in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this case report a 70-year-old female with multiple comorbidities, including Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), and Hypertension (HTN), who presented with a Burkholderia cepacia skin abscess at an insulin injection site on her anterior abdominal wall.
Weight gain is linked to poor glycemic control in Type 2 Diabetes patients especially in resource restrained environment, and it is made worse by the lack of access to sustainable treatment options in these same environments. Due to poverty and limited financial resources, these individuals must prioritize safer, locally accessible, and scientifically tested methods of managing their health.
Type 2 Diabetes is described as a chronic disease that is usually characterized by high fasting blood glucose in the body and affect people without early clinical signs. An early detection of the condition andits management usually provide a better quality of life for an affected individual. Predisposing factors of Type 2 diabetes mellitus among same population can vary from one geographical area to another due to genetical make up and dietary behaviours.
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of type 2 diabetes resulting from long-term accumulated damage to retinal blood vessels and one of the life-threatening complications and is the most common cause of acquired blindness in adults and it affects 93 million people worldwide.
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a chronic progressive disease, and its prevalence is on the rise around the world. Despite advances in pharmacotherapy, mitigating the burden of the disease on individuals, societies and the healthcare system remains a challenge. Remission has emerged as a therapeutic target in T2D with wide range of interventions. A plant-based diet seems to be promising to achieve this goal.
Pediatric and youth diabetes mellitus (DM) and pediatric and youth human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are among the chronic diseases with significant public health implications and high mortality. The availability of mortality statistics in type 1 diabetes and HIV/AIDS is critical for addressing the two conditions in one setting.
Background: Weight gain is linked to poor glycemic control in Type 2 Diabetes patients especially in resource restrained environment, and it is made worse by the lack of access to sustainable treatment options in these same environments. Due to poverty and limited financial resources, these individuals must prioritize safer, locally accessible
