Sri Lanka's expressway network continues to rely on toll plaza transactions and partial electronic payment adoption, which keeps attention focused on barrier-free tolling and more flexible pricing. This paper examines stated acceptance of two proposed ANPR-enabled tolling packages on Sri Lankan expressways: a subscription package and a congestion pricing package. The study reanalyses a 2020 cross-sectional survey of 205 retained expressway users drawn from an initial 350 responses. An adapted Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) distinguished congestion pricing acceptability, subscription model attractiveness, package-specific perceived ease of use and usefulness, and overall stated acceptance. The subscription package means were numerically higher than the corresponding congestion pricing means, but these within-respondent differences were not tested inferentially, and the retained item structures differed. Single predictor regressions showed that overall perceived usefulness had the strongest association with overall stated acceptance (β = 0.805, R2 = 0.648), whereas overall perceived ease of use was materially weaker (β = 0.272, R2 = 0.074). One user type interaction was statistically significant in the archived output; however, the nominal moderator had been entered as a single numeric code, so H8-H11 are treated as exploratory, and none is reported as supported. A supplementary simultaneous regression explained 68.6% of the variance in stated acceptance, with low VIF values but coefficient reversals that indicate overlap among the composite predictors and highlight the exploratory nature of the model. For transport managers and policymakers, the findings suggest that pricing package design and perceived value matter more than interface simplicity alone. The managerial implication is not immediate national rollout, but staged implementation: validate ANPR locally, simplify customer onboarding, compare subscription and pay-per-use packages explicitly, protect personal data, and test congestion pricing only through a transparent pilot with equity and operational safeguards.
Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) increasingly requires integrated first- and last-mile mobility solutions that connect public transport with neighbourhood accessibility, intermodal transfers, and user-oriented policies. Micro-mobility offers a complementary option, but its integration calls for choices among competing public interventions. This study combines Intuitionistic Fuzzy Indifference Threshold-Based Attribute Ratio Analysis (IF-ITARA) and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (IF-MARCOS) to assess five policies against ten criteria using the judgments of ten experts in Istanbul, Türkiye. Environmental Impact (0.1325), User Safety and Security (0.1266), and Operational Flexibility (0.1223) receive the largest criterion weights. Integration and Digitalization Policies (A5) ranks first, followed by Regulatory and Legal Reforms (A3), Economic Incentives and Subsidies (A4), Education and Awareness Campaigns (A1), and Infrastructure Investments (A2). A comparison with CRITIC and Entropy, parameter-based sensitivity tests, and a leave-one-expert-out analysis clarify the stability and limits of the policy ordering. The findings inform micro-mobility policy appraisal and intermodal transport management in TOD contexts.
Traffic congestion and the limited capacity of urban transportation systems have increased interest in shared mobility solutions in the Global South. This study investigates the feasibility and user acceptance of ride-pooling in Tehran using a stated preference survey of 461 respondents, generating 7376 person scenarios. The data were analyzed using a combined framework consisting of exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and a mixed binary logit model to examine travelers' choices between the exclusive and shared use of ride-hailing. The model achieved a satisfactory fit with a pseudo R2 of 0.45. The results indicate that users' choices are primarily influenced by tangible service attributes rather than attitudinal factors. Travel cost savings emerged as the strongest driver of adoption, while cancellation penalties and waiting time significantly reduced the likelihood of choosing the shared use of ride-hailing. Furthermore, marginal effect analysis established a “temporal break-even threshold” equivalent to 1.33 min (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.37), demonstrating that commuters are more sensitive to initial wait times than in-vehicle detours. The empirical results also yield operational benchmarks: to offset a 10,000 Iranian Rial reduction in the cost advantage of shared rides without decreasing choice probability, platforms must proportionally reduce the matching wait time by 1.25 min (95% CI: 1.22–1.28), or the travel time difference by 1.67 min (95% CI: 1.64–1.69). Overall, the findings suggest that economic and operational considerations play a dominant role in shaping the acceptance of this service in Tehran.
Municipal authorities planning low-altitude transport systems must compare infrastructure categories that serve distinct digital, governance, operational, public-service, logistics, support, and passenger functions. These categories differ in maturity, capital burden, safety, regulatory feasibility, digital readiness, public-service value, resilience, scalability, and demand, while relevant evidence is distributed among stakeholders with different responsibilities. An aggregate ranking alone can conceal differences among these assessments. To this end, an integrated decision-making method is developed by combining probabilistic linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy (PLq-ROF) information, multilevel consensus assessment, FUCOM subjective weighting, CRITIC objective weighting, and CoCoSo ranking. Uncertain judgments are encoded and examined for disagreement before final aggregation, with high-deviation entries selectively adjusted when the specified consensus conditions are unmet. Consensus information contributes to expert weights, while subjective and objective criterion weights are combined to obtain an ordinal priority structure. The method is applied to Jinan, Shandong Province, China, using assessments collected in 2025 from twelve experts who evaluate eight infrastructure alternatives against fourteen criteria. The resulting priorities are examined through parameter sensitivity, criterion deletion, comparative rankings, and stratified expert resampling. One algorithmic adjustment round increases the overall consensus degree from 0.9331 to 0.9513, and the baseline ranking is A6≻A4≻A3≻A1≻A8≻A2≻A7≻A5. The communication–navigation–surveillance digital airspace platform (A6) ranks first in all reported deterministic checks and in 97.1% of the stratified expert-bootstrap replications. The infrastructure inspection UAV platform (A4) ranks second in the baseline and all five full-panel method comparisons, while its position is more sensitive to expert resampling. For the Jinan assessment, the results support a staged planning interpretation that prioritizes shared digital infrastructure and early inspection and emergency-service applications, retains flexibility among governance, support, and logistics investments, and treats passenger and tourism facilities as conditional later-stage assets.
Airlines and airports are increasingly using self-service technologies (SST) to automate routine passenger-processing tasks. Drawing on social exchange theory, the psychological contract and the stress-and-coping perspective, this study examines how ground staff’s perceived threat of job automation from SST relates to their job insecurity, job satisfaction, organisational commitment and turnover intention. Survey data from 193 airline, airport and ground handling staff in Thailand were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The perceived threat of SST was associated with higher job insecurity, which in turn was associated with lower job satisfaction and higher turnover intention. The threat had no significant direct effect on job satisfaction or turnover intention; its effects operated only through job insecurity. Job satisfaction was positively associated with organisational commitment, which was associated with lower turnover intention. These findings suggest that SST harms ground staff’s attitudes and retention mainly by undermining their sense of job security. Airlines, airports and ground handling companies can limit this effect by clarifying how SST will change staff roles and by offering reskilling and visible career paths.
