This study develops a data-driven model that reproduces complete axial load–displacement curve of screw piles in cohesive soil under compressive and uplift loading, from pile geometry, loading type and displacement level, and reports every prediction with calibrated uncertainty bounds and explicit validity range. The dataset consists of 657 readings obtained from 24 independent load–displacement curve groups: six physical experiments and eighteen finite-element model validated against them (mean absolute error
The thermosolutal rate of nanofluids is an essential component of numerous engineering procedures. Accordingly, the leading aim of the contemporary investigation is to assess the motion associated with magnetohydrodynamics thermosolutal nanofluid flow in a void-containing medium over an angled plate. The flow is analyzed by incorporating the effects of thermal radiation, chemical reactions, and viscous dissipation together with aluminum oxide (Al2O3)-water (H2O) nanofluid and other nanofluids to evaluate and compare their thermofluid performance under the prescribed physical conditions. Through similarity transformation, the equations that govern momentum and energy, together with concentration, are transformed as a scheme of ordinary differential equations. The Nachtsheim-Swigert computational techniques with Runge–Kutta sixth-order procedures, as well as numerical codes, are employed to solve equations. The current physical assumptions are verified by the literature to ensure the accuracy of the data produced by the computational methodologies. Tecplot visualization software is used to generate graphs illustrating the numerical outcomes. For Al2O3–H2O nanofluid, as fw increases, the Cf as well as Sh increases, but Cf and Nux decrease as Ec increases under the obtained conditions. Moreover, as Sc increases, Cf decreases, but Sh increases, whereas Cf decreases and Sh increases as Krp increases. However, when copper–water nanofluid flow is compared to titanium dioxide-water and aluminum oxide–water, the Cf, together with the Nux and Sh, increases.
This study proposes an integrated engineering decision framework that combines experimentally validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making to assess low- and zero-carbon fuel strategies for a heavy-duty dual-fuel diesel engine under reactivity controlled compression ignition conditions. Eighteen scenarios involving natural gas (NG), hydrogen (H2), ammonia (NH3), and methanol (CH3OH) with diesel pilot injection were investigated. Before the parametric analysis, the CFD model was verified and validated through mesh and temporal independence analyses and experimental comparisons of in-cylinder pressure, brake mean effective pressure, ignition delay, and NOx emissions, achieving strong agreement (R2 > 0.98). The validated CFD results established the physics-based quantitative evidence used to inform expert evaluation and guide the subsequent FAHP-FTOPSIS analysis, without directly determining the criterion weights. Ten domain experts performed FAHP pairwise comparisons for five criteria: cost, emissions, engine performance, renewability, and safety (CR < 0.1), while FTOPSIS integrated the resulting weights with the alternative-specific indicators to rank the fuel scenarios. Safety (36.5
This study presents a thermo-economic assessment and optimization of four solar-driven humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination systems for NEOM, Saudi Arabia: PVT-HDH, PVT-FPC-HDH, PVT-heater-HDH, and PVT-FPC-heater-HDH. Unlike previous studies that evaluate individual configurations under different conditions, all four systems are compared using identical meteorological, operating, and economic assumptions. The effects of PVT area, FPC area, feed flow rate, and water-to-air mass flow ratio on the levelized cost of water (LCOW), gained output ratio (GOR), and annual freshwater production are analyzed. Single-objective and multi-objective optimization are performed to identify minimum-LCOW designs and production-cost trade-offs. The results show that the flat-plate collector (FPC) has the greatest impact on system performance. The optimized PVT-FPC-HDH system achieves the lowest LCOW of 3.498 /m3 with an annual freshwater production of 2400 m3/yr, followed by the PVT-FPC-heater-HDH system at 3.744/m3. In contrast, the PVT-HDH and PVT-heater-HDH systems produce significantly higher LCOW values of 6.246 and 15.586 /m3. Overall, FPC-assisted configurations provide the most cost-effective solution for solar-driven HDH desalination.
The depletion of natural aggregates and the accumulation of industrial solid wastes pose significant challenges to the construction industry. This study developed a novel cold-bonding technique using the synergy of multi-solid waste to produce coal gangue-based multi-source solid wastes cold-bonded artificial lightweight aggregates (GMSCA). The aggregates were fabricated using coal gangue as a skeleton, combined with ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and minimal cement. A four-stage optimization study elucidated the effects of mix proportions on aggregate performance. The optimized aggregate fully replaced natural coarse aggregate in concrete. Remarkably, despite a cement content of only 10
