Purpose This article examines whether interviewing retired elites can help overcome methodological challenges in politically sensitive research, drawing on empirical evidence from Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach The study draws on 35 in-depth interviews with senior Malaysian civil servants, 32 of whom were retired. Using a qualitative approach, it analyses how retirement reconfigures legal, institutional and psychological constraints, shaping access, candour and elite narratives. Findings Retired elites were generally more accessible and candid, offering reflective accounts of political interference, performance management and administrative reform. Retirement creates temporal distance that reshapes elite narratives. The study introduces the concept of “retrospective elite interviews” as a methodological approach. Research limitations/implications The sample included only three serving officials, preventing systematic comparison with retired elites. Findings are based on Malaysia and may not be transferable to other contexts. Comparative research is needed. Practical implications Researchers studying politically sensitive topics may benefit from engaging retired elites to access richer, more reflective accounts. The findings highlight the importance of timing, reflexivity and temporal positioning in elite interviewing. Social implications Retrospective elite interviews help preserve institutional memory and deepen understanding of governance, administrative reform and public sector decision-making in sensitive contexts. Originality/value The article introduces retrospective elite interviews, positioning retirement as a methodological resource rather than a limitation. It advances elite interviewing methodology by demonstrating how temporal distance reshapes access, candour and narrative construction.
PurposeThis study examines how meaningful work emerges through material and embodied engagement, arguing that the meaningful self is brought into being through work, rather than work merely reflecting a pre-existing self. We argue that materiality mediates between meaningful experiences and the meaningful self: through concrete interactions with bodies, objects and environments, fleeting experiences of meaningfulness are conditioned, recalibrated and gatekept, shaping enduring senses of self. Using a donkey sanctuary as a case, we explore how materiality shapes both meaningful experiences and the construction of a meaningful sense of self. Design/methodology/approachWe draw on “events of significance” as a methodological and conceptual tool to capture moments when meaningfulness unfolds through material engagement. These events allow us to trace how meaningful experiences are mediated through material practices and incorporated into a meaningful sense of self. This framework is applied to ethnographic research at a Dutch donkey sanctuary. FindingsCaretakers described meaningfulness as experiencing the sanctuary as “just a good place to be.” Materiality mediates this process in three interrelated ways: conditioning routines and practices, recalibrating ethical and value priorities, and gatekeeping participation by shaping who can meaningfully inhabit the sanctuary's culture. “Good” captures a materially grounded prioritization of hands-on animal care, pragmatism and ethical commitment, while “being” reflects caretakers' ongoing engagement with discomfort, dirty tasks and relational practices. Through these embodied engagements, meaningful experiences are transformed into a durable sense of who one is, demonstrating that the meaningful self emerges directly through doing. Originality/valueThis paper extends scholarship on meaningful work by theorizing materiality as the mediator between meaningful experience and the meaningful self. Drawing on the notion of events of significance, we show how ordinary objects, spaces and bodily practices anchor, stabilize and transform experience into a sense of a meaningful self. This illustrates how meaningful experiences can transform this sense of self, showing that work is not merely expressive of the sense of self but also constitutive of it.
Purpose This paper examines how professional values develop through practice as professionals encounter organizational change. Most literature treats professional values as relatively stable structures that professionals defend against organizational demands. Drawing on a pragmatic lens, this study examines their dynamic nature in the context of a major reform of Danish primary schools. Design/methodology/approach A longitudinal qualitative case study followed Danish primary school teachers during implementation of the 2014 educational reform over 18 months. Primary data comprised 21 semi-structured interviews conducted in two rounds, supplemented by 24 days of observations and document analysis. Analysis employed iterative coding to identify how teachers' values evolved through engagement with new organizational structures. Findings Teachers rejected standardized teaching methods as incompatible with relational pedagogy while embracing team structures designed to implement these standards. Through positive collaboration experiences, teachers' understanding of professionalism transformed from individual autonomy to collective responsibility. Values demonstrated dual function: they filtered organizational initiatives while remaining transformable through meaningful practice experiences. Originality/value The study reveals a striking empirical pattern in how professionals selectively respond to organizational change based on alignment with their understanding of the primary task. These findings are illustrated through a systemic model showing how professional values, organizational structures, and primary task mutually constitute each other through practice. The model suggests a framework that could be applied to examining value dynamics in other welfare professional contexts.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce the qualitative methodology of portraiture for researching organizations and management issues. Over 30 years old, portraiture has been primarily used in the social sciences but is gaining a foothold in business disciplines. Design/methodology/approachThis paper defines portraiture, provides a brief description of the data collection methods, delineates the portraiture process and provides several examples through excerpts from published portraits and doctoral dissertations. FindingsCase studies, storytelling, ethnographies, surveys, and interviews are common in the organizational literature, but portraiture has been underutilized by researchers in this field. Portraiture uses descriptive narrative to convey the full essence of the research subject. Emanating from ethnography, portraiture is a qualitative form of inquiry that is well suited for examining organizations and management practices and issues. Originality/valueThis paper suggests an underutilized qualitative research methodology. Only in the last 10 years have dissertations on business-related topics used portraiture, and even some peer-reviewed articles have been published in respected journals; however portraiture remains quite uncommon. This paper provides a springboard for researchers – especially those who gravitate toward creativity in their efforts – to learn more about this methodology and consider utilizing it in their own research.
Purpose This article challenges disembodied academic writing conventions by experimenting with affective and embodied storytelling. While environmental crisis provides an urgent starting point - particularly the failure of rational campaigns to shift destructive behaviors in the Global North - the deeper contribution of the article lies in demonstrating what becomes possible when scholars write to touch people's "guts" rather than merely inform their minds. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a performative methodology grounded in relational ontology and feminist epistemologies, this article presents a personal narrative that interweaves the author's relationship with her dying mother and humanity's relationship with Mother Earth. This methodological choice responds to affect's elusive nature-something we experience but struggle to observe - by enacting affects rather than studying them externally. Findings Contrasting written and oral performances of the narrative revealed that while oral delivery generated stronger affective responses, a written narrative with careful attention to form, imagery and language can still create spaces for resonance and transformation. The experience demonstrates both the potential and current limitations of affective writing as a mode of knowledge production. Research limitations/implications As a performative experiment rather than an empirical study, the article cannot systematically assess its own impact. Readers themselves must evaluate whether and how the narrative affected their relationship with Mother Earth and their understanding of what academic writing might accomplish. Originality/value This work experiments with affective storytelling as a feminist methodological intervention that challenges disembodied academic norms. It offers a model for embodied and relational writing that may inspire scholars addressing grand societal challenges where conventional rational argumentation proves insufficient to catalyze transformation.
Purpose There is limited research on caregivers' role in co-creating value in healthcare, especially in pathways like as the palliative care, despite their increasingly crucial contribution. This collaborative study, directly involving both practitioners and caregivers, aims to investigate the experience of family caregivers throughout the palliative care pathway using a multidimensional approach developed and validated in the first two phases of the research project.Design/methodology/approach This study encompassed two focus groups with purposively sampled bereaved family caregivers, facilitated by two psychologists with an observer-researcher. Audio recordings were collected with informed consent, transcribed and analysed thematically using NVivo software.Findings The findings revealed caregivers experience complex and evolving challenges, responsibilities - and its burden, throughout the care journey, depending on disease progression and care settings. The need for adequate training in nursing-like tasks, symptom management and medication administration emerged with a relevant emphasis when patients are in home setting. Hospice offered professional support, reducing physical burden but often provoking feelings of guilt. Two critical and fragile phases emerged: the initial phase of access to the pathway and the post-death period, when caregivers still require support despite the formal end of the care pathway.Originality/value The findings underscore the necessity of integrated, person-centred approaches and multidimensional tools able of capturing caregiving's complex, dynamic and longitudinal experience. The results of this study can be used to inform a co-design process of the caregivers' pathway in the end-of-life context. The study also points to the need for systemic change, since enabling caregivers requires health professionals to act as facilitators.
Purpose This paper re-imagines the promotion of faculty in flagship universities. Instead of framing promotion as the dispassionate, objective process of identifying academic excellence, which is how the majority of mainstream discourses portray it, I treat it as a complex set of practices (i.e. as technologies of identity) which constitute, transform and govern academics' subjectivities. Design/methodology/approach Methodologically, the paper draws on Ricoeur's notion of a hermeneutic circle to conceptualise a “call to provocation”: one which takes a stance against interpretive proceduralism, and which frames the work of interpretation as critical, and, ultimately, an ethical act which actively unsettles dominant practices and taken-for-granted assumptions. Findings Based on the hermeneutic rereading of existing literature, my findings suggest that promotion operates to negotiate three dimensions of academics' identities: the temporal, the ways in which promotion regimes value, evaluate and discipline the academic self across past, present and future, generating temporality regimes of inequality and anticipatory subjectivities; the spatial, the ways in which the self oscillates precariously between belonging to the institution and critical distance, especially for those in minoritised positions and the relational, the ways in which peer evaluation functions as collegial acknowledgement and disciplinary scrutiny. Originality/value My paper: (1) reconceptualises promotion as a key site in academic identity work; (2) conceptualises a new hermeneutic methodological approach; (3) calls forth critical imagination in theorising transformation and (4) attends to the material and symbolic inequalities inherent in contemporary academic work.
Purpose Although voluntary turnover has been studied for over a century, existing models continue to focus on accumulating antecedents without achieving a unified explanatory framework. This study develops a process-oriented grounded theory to examine how employees experience staying or leaving as viable, necessary, or untenable options through ongoing affective and interpretive engagement with work. Design/methodology/approach This study draws on classic grounded theory and utilizes in-depth interviews with 19 French-speaking Canadian professionals from diverse organizational settings, including managers, licensed professionals, and non-managerial employees. Data analysis employed constant comparison and iterative theoretical sampling, following a reconstructive process orientation. Findings Stay-or-leave decisions emerge through a process termed self-integrity safety appraisal, an affect-driven mechanism by which individuals assess whether continued organizational involvement sustains the coherence and legitimacy of self. Participants responded using engagement, adaptation, and detachment strategies. Staying and leaving are shown to be context-specific means of maintaining self-integrity, rather than expressions of loyalty or disloyalty. Originality/value This study introduces self-integrity safety as an integrative appraisal mechanism that links identity, affect, and values. It reconceptualizes loyalty as fidelity to self rather than organizational attachment, and contributes to process-oriented turnover theory by showing how workplace experiences accumulate into consequential judgments about continued membership.
Purpose This paper centers passion for place as a key contributor to downtown revitalization efforts by exploring a downtown revitalization process in which a grassroots organization leveraged passion for place (i.e. intense positive feelings directed toward a particular place, stemming from identity meanings associated with the place, and toward which time and energy are invested) to help a community overcome a development project that favored corporate interests over local place-based development. Design/methodology/approach This article combines autoethnography with archival data to explore the revitalization efforts of a grassroots organization. Autoethnography allows examination of the process based on my personal experiences, while archival data provide a means for reliability checks and evidence-based backing for the premise. Findings Passion for place serves as a motivating and unifying force for downtown revitalization, drawing community members into the revitalization process. Circumstances that lead to the emergence of passion for place are identified. Practical implications This paper informs practice and policy by illustrating the crucial role of place, the importance of enhancing sense of place while considering the needs of the community, and actions that can be taken by grassroots organizations that help facilitate a place-based revitalization effort. Originality/value This paper reveals the role of passion for place in downtown revitalization and illustrates how a grassroots organization helped a community resist development that would have reduced the city's spirit of place, contributed to placelessness, and damaged community members' sense of place. This paper also illustrates how archival data can be a useful supplement to autoethnography.
Purpose This paper examines the value of relational focus groups as knowledge-making spaces in organization and management research. Empirically, we draw on a case study of hybrid focus groups (masterclasses for data collection and practice sharing), which explored 56 organizations' experiences of employing unemployed individuals in Australia.Design/methodology/approach Empirically, we draw on a case study of hybrid focus groups (masterclasses for data collection and practice sharing), which explored 56 organizations' experiences of employing unemployed individuals in Australia.Findings We identified four themes, evidenced by micro-excerpts of conversations: (1) Partial knowledge and collective claims; (2) Opacity in practice; (3) Misalignment and alterity; and (4) Relational focus groups as social interventions.Research limitations/implications The limitations of our research include sample self-selection, organizations already engaged in inclusion), Australian policy context, employer/intermediary mix, mostly online format and time-boundedness (tight labor markets), but we argue that the relational focus group method can cross temporal, spatial, sectors and spaces.Practical implications We provide practical recommendations for researchers, incorporating a conceptual model with three design tensions (structure -> openness, data -> relations and data collection -> intervention), guiding principles and associated practices and a researcher's checklist.Social implications Drawing on our example of organizations' perspectives on inclusive hiring, we suggest that relational focus groups can lead to lasting communities of practice that contribute to broader social change and social justice.Originality/value Our contribution underscores that the value of relational focus groups is not to merely capture individual perspectives. Rather, they must be viewed as relational encounters in which participants' understandings are co-constituted intersubjectively and disrupted by alterity and dissonance. This reframes focus groups as a form of relational craft: a method in which knowledge emerges from sequential dialogue rather than being located within individual speakers ready for extraction according to prescribed patterns.
Purpose Methodological approaches for understanding the complex, embodied experiences of workers navigating multiple systems of oppression remain underdeveloped. This study introduces soundsourcing as a distinct and broadly applicable qualitative methodology that showcases specific utility in advancing intersectional research. Soundsourcing is defined by a structured set of steps that enable participants to document their lived experiences through voice recordings throughout their workday, and requires researchers to conduct voice-inclusive analysis that reveals the raw, authentic, and embodied dimensions of experience often lost in traditional methods. Design/methodology/approach This study involves women of diverse ages and career stages in a marginalized, precarious profession. Participants documented their real-time experiences through voice recordings. The voice-inclusive analytical approach involved two stages: first coding the written transcripts and then coding the audio recordings themselves. This systematic dual-stage examination clarified what is gained through listening to participants' voices versus reading their words alone, with researchers reflecting on their distinct experiences with each coding approach. Findings Comparative analysis and researcher reflections revealed that intersectional factors were significantly more apparent when coding audio recordings. Vocal elements including tone, emotion, pauses, and hesitation, illuminated layers of meaning related to participants' intersecting identities and experiences of workplace marginalization that remained obscured in text-based analysis. Originality/value This study establishes soundsourcing as a distinct methodology, differentiating it from audio diaries through its structured steps and requirement for voice-inclusive analysis. Voice-inclusive analysis, which systematically examines both written transcripts and audio recordings, is identified as essential to soundsourcing practice. This methodology advances intersectional research by demonstrating how listening practices capture the temporal, emotional, and embodied complexities of lived experience that traditional text-based methods consistently overlook.
PurposeCalls for reflexivity and insider voice are now well established within qualitative organisational research. However, such calls often presume conditions in which disclosure is safe and epistemically rewarded. This article examines how reflexivity can function as a site of professional risk for neurodivergent scholars within academic institutions.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on evocative autoethnography, the article analyses a series of narrative scenes from doctoral and early-career academic contexts. These scenes are examined alongside critical literatures on reflexivity, epistemic injustice, disclosure, and organisational voice to explore how legitimacy and credibility are negotiated.FindingsThe analysis shows how language correction, tone regulation and conditional visibility shape decisions about disclosure. Rather than treating outing as a discrete ethical act or moral imperative, the article demonstrates how it emerges as a negotiated response to structurally uneven credibility economies. The findings highlight how non-disclosure may function as a form of risk management, while simultaneously enabling non-autistic actors to speak on behalf of autistic people.Social implicationsWithout structural change, inclusion efforts risk reproducing epistemic injustice by rewarding those who can safely perform legitimacy. Recognising and supporting non-disclosed scholars is vital for equity in academic labour and knowledge production.Originality/valueThe article contributes to debates on reflexivity in qualitative research by reframing disclosure as a structurally conditioned dilemma rather than an individual ethical choice. It introduces the concepts of ambiguous visibility and distanced self-advocacy to capture how neurodivergent scholars navigate the tension between voice and safety. In doing so, it challenges disclosure-based models of reflexivity and argues for approaches that recognise silence, restraint and translation as legitimate reflexive practices rather than methodological failures.
PurposeThis paper examines visceral imprints in fieldwork, or moments that provoke an instinctive response - initially physically and emotionally - often with residual mental and spiritual responses over time.Design/methodology/approachIn a multi-voiced text, we analyze a combined 56 years of field experiences in a variety of organizations, including municipal courtrooms, airport security checkpoints, a non-profit girls' running organization, a medical intensive care unit (MICU) and methadone clinics. We present exemplar fieldnote excerpts and use these to showcase how visceral imprints have manifested in our own research.FindingsWe introduce and reflect upon five characteristics the viscerality of fieldwork including: (1) emotional complexity, (2) temporal resonance, (3) lack of control, (4) intensity and (5) transformation.Research limitations/implicationsWe offer implications about the power of experiences to affect us and shape our visceral experiences in the field and over time. We use these visceral imprints to tune in to how we feel in our bodies, minds and spirits while we collect the data, craft future research and share our wisdom.Originality/valueOur analysis demonstrates that visceral imprints are characterized by the emotional complexity and interactions of the scene, the participants and the researchers' own feelings. We reveal how visceral imprints demonstrates the resonance of time by examining how the meaning of experiences changes through conversations, voices, experiences and memories in the field. We detail how visceral imprints emerges in research situations where fieldworkers experience feelings of powerlessness and a lack of control, as well as emotional intensity. Finally, we highlight that visceral imprints can be transformative - evident in change and adaptation.
PurposeWorkplace authenticity is the degree to which employees feel connected with their true selves in work spheres. This study aims to elucidate the positive outcomes of workplace authenticity among secondary school teachers and its cushioning effect against adverse organizational conditions leading to job dissatisfaction and burnout syndromes. Further, we examine how authentic leadership and organizational politics influence workplace authenticity outcomes.Design/methodology/approachAn open-ended essay questionnaire was used to collect and analyse 30 qualitative data points from a collectivistic country, India. We followed open, axial and selective coding with Gioia methodology for analysis and conceptualized the teacher workplace authenticity impact model (TWAIM).FindingsThe study finds that workplace authenticity helps teachers nurture job motivators such as psychological safety, person-organization fit and affect-based trust, and it acts as a buffer against workplace criticism and work strain. Authentic leadership amplifies the positive attributes of workplace authenticity, while organizational politics weakens it. Teachers find themselves more authentic when interacting with students than with colleagues. We also find that junior teachers experience more inauthenticity in the workplace, which enkindles quitting intentions.Originality/valueThe TWAIM integrates analytically derived concepts developed through systematic qualitative analysis with the Job Demands-Resources framework to explain how outcomes of workplace authenticity are connected to job satisfaction and burnout syndromes among secondary school teachers. Although the model is qualitative, the transparency in articulating its analytical procedures enables conceptual replicability in similar educational contexts.
PurposeEthical principles on research involving Indigenous communities have been drafted and discussed across the social sciences to ensure ethical research and to decolonize research. I argue that reflection on ethical dilemmas in research form a central element in our ethical research considerations. I reflect in this paper on ethical dilemmas researchers may experience when making research choices related to ethical research principles in practice. Design/methodology/approachI ask: How does reflection on ethical dilemmas in Indigenous contexts relate to a researcher's connectedness to decolonization processes? How can researchers reflect on ethical dilemmas in Indigenous research contexts? I address these questions by reflecting on the literature and on my own experiences during research on contestations around land-use intensification in the Sámi people's homeland in Northern Finland. FindingsThe paper contributes to two discussions: (1) how to conduct research ethically in Indigenous contexts; (2) critical reflexivity on a researcher's identities, positionalities and roles. I reflect on the notion of partial connections as an example of a way to cope with ethical dilemmas; that notion enabled me, a non-Indigenous researcher, to live with tensions in my research choices. Originality/valueI join the calls for safe spaces where researchers with varying backgrounds and who are connected to a variety of decolonization projects can reflect on their ethical research dilemmas. I conclude that reflection on ethical research dilemmas enables connectedness to decolonization, whereas the lack of (a) safe space(s) to reflect on ethical dilemmas reproduces (neo)colonial dualistic dividers, with the risk of having such consequences to the Indigenous communities as well.
PurposeThis paper interrogates how elite work cultures normalize overwork, emotional discipline and identity sacrifice through cinematic representation. Focusing on The Devil Wears Prada, it examines how gendered authority and aspirational endurance are constructed and legitimized within popular culture, extending qualitative scholarship on wellbeing beyond organizational behavior frameworks.Design/methodology/approachAdopting an interpretivist and critical qualitative orientation, the study conducts a theoretically informed film analysis drawing on feminist organizational theory, emotional labor scholarship and political economy perspectives. The film is treated as a cultural and ideological artifact rather than a reflection of empirical organizational reality. Theoretical lenses function as sensitizing concepts guiding interpretive engagement and analytical generalization.FindingsThe analysis shows that extreme job demands and emotional regulation are framed as markers of professional legitimacy within prestige-driven environments. Overwork is simultaneously glamorized and subtly problematized, producing an ambivalent narrative that normalizes identity sacrifice while preserving its desirability. Gendered leadership authority emerges as structurally disciplined rather than individually pathological.Research limitations/implicationsAs an interpretive analysis of a single cultural text, the study advances analytical rather than statistical generalization. It contributes to qualitative research debates by positioning cinema as a methodological resource for theorizing contemporary work cultures and wellbeing discourse.Practical implicationsBy revealing how overwork and emotional discipline are culturally legitimized, the study invites organizational leaders and scholars to critically examine the symbolic narratives that sustain high-demand environments and normalize self-sacrifice.Originality/valueBy integrating feminist and political economy lenses within a cultural studies framework, the paper repositions workplace cinema as a theoretically productive site for interrogating elite organizational norms.
PurposeBased on a dialogic discussion of an empirical case study narrative, the paper provides a "better practice" commentary to help hearing researchers include deaf workers as research participants. We argue that more attention should be paid to the concept of research inclusion in all organizational research in order to anticipate and operationalize research methods that allow for a full diversity of research participants to be included.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on Bakhtin's theory for a dialogic exchange between two hearing researchers who provide a reflexive narrative about including deaf workers in a research study, and a deaf academic and a sign language interpreter who provide professional and personal commentary upon it.FindingsThe under-employment, and thus workplace absence, of particular sociodemographic groups, such as deaf sign language users, can lead to taken-for-granted assumptions about adequate research methods for participant recruitment and data collection in studies of organizations and work sites.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper addresses research inclusion specifically in relation to working with deaf British Sign Language (BSL) users.Practical implicationsThe paper provides hearing researchers with practical methodological advice to help overcome barriers for deaf workers' participation in organizational research.Social implicationsThe paper works towards a greater level of research inclusion for an "under-served group" that has tended to be marginalised both in employment and in mainstream studies of work and employment.Originality/valueWe fill a gap in the organizational research methods literature by exploring the methodological concept of research inclusion from the perspective of different disciplines, bringing organization research into dialogue with deaf and interpreting studies and health and medical research.
Purpose This study investigates the metaphors individuals use to articulate their experiences eating in workplaces shaped by insalubrious food environments characterized by tensions, limited time for meals and disparaging remarks from coworkers about food choices. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative interview approach was selected to reveal the dimensions of strain experienced by 36 individuals who self-identified as feeling uncomfortable eating in the workplace. Phronetic iterative processes revealed the prevalence of metaphors, leading to a metaphor analysis. Findings Participants describe workplace eating as rife with “Cold War tensions”, feeling unable to “eat with dignity,” amid a “competition,” where coworkers judge conformity to unspoken rules about food, and feelings that eating at work is like a “trap.” These metaphors expose how mundane acts like eating become fraught with tension, as organizational control encroaches on autonomy over personal choices and erodes employee dignity. Research limitations/implications This study extends theory by highlighting how organizational control extends to personal habits in previously unrecognized ways. Additionally, it demonstrates how eating can become grounds for disciplining colleagues' bodies. This study does have a predominantly white sample, with mostly women, offering directions for future research. Practical implications The paper includes implications for dismantling control around eating. Originality/value Extant research primarily analyzes health interventions pertaining to food in the workplace, whereas this study highlights the emotional depth that can come from structural dynamics that inhibit eating or judgment toward eating from coworkers.
PurposeThis essay is a performing manuscript that invites readers to consider how alterity opens organization and management theory. Readers actively experience the resistive performance through nontraditional writing, witnessing onto-epistemological, historical and academic tensions that influence scholarship.Design/methodology/approachBy employing nontraditional writing, the text functions as a resistive performance in which readers act as jurors, placing alterity on trial within the metaphorical space of a US courtroom. To reach a verdict, they must navigate through strategically ambiguous metaphors, polysemous statements and a collage of artists, characters, songs and postmodern satire.FindingsReaders construct ideas in tandem with the performers and author. This experiential performance invites reflexivity and passion, offering new possibilities with every reading - so long as the audience remains fluid and engaged.Originality/valueThe performative, nontraditional writing style exemplifies a call for texts that grant readers the autonomy to co-construct conclusions, releasing alterity, passion and reflexivity from the confines of traditional academic writing.
