Since the financial crisis of 2007–2009, a very tough situation has been encountered across the financial sector. The crisis has shown that it has hampered economic development, including banking institutions. The effect of the crisis is not excluded from the operations of the MFIs, as it today constitutes an integral part of the financial system. This paper intends to analyse the pre-crisis and post-crisis financial efficiency levels of the MFIs as the first focus. Next, to examine the effect on the financial efficiency level in both crisis periods upon macroeconomic conditions. Data were collected from 166 MFIs of ASEAN 4 countries from 2000-2007 (pre-crisis) and 2010-2017 (post-crisis), comprising the Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Indonesia. The first phase of the analysis uses Data Envelopment Analysis to determine financial efficiency levels. The second phase employs Multivariate Panel Regression Analysis to examine the effect of macroeconomic conditions towards the level of financial efficiency obtained in the first phase. The first-phase review results indicate that the post-financial crisis efficiency score is barely higher than the pre-crisis efficiency score. This means that MFIs are financially efficient during crisis occurrences and afford to support the operation over a long-term basis. In the second phase, the regression analysis provides mixed findings, both significant and insignificant macroeconomic conditions affecting the financial efficiencies of MFIs. The insignificant results show the consequences of the crisis that some variables were unable to clarify the first-phase variance in the efficiency score of MFIs. Generally, the findings of this study will assist the microfinance industry by preparing it better equipped for any potential crisis. This is important because of the MFI's role in assisting the poor to ensure they are pulled out of a circle of poverty.
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate about the dimensions of quality of work life (QWL) which affects the performance and work life of public and private sector bank employees in Bihar, India. The quality of work life is to be measured by the dimensions which are affecting employee day to day work life and work relation at the work place. The QWL can be measured through eight significant dimensions which were directly or indirectly efficiently balancing their work and life. In further, aim of the present study is to understand Quality of work Life of employees in public sector and private sector banks and compare the work life balance with both type of banks’ employees. The study is based on descriptive & inferential statistics and primary data has been collected through structured questionnaire from both public and private sector employees respectively. The total 250 bank employees’ data has been gathered and 5 point Likert scaling technique is used to measure the factors. With the use of various statistical measures like “t” test and ANOVA the study indicates that out of eight dimensions only social integration and social relevance are significant and others are similar. However, the opinion of male and female employee of public and private sector banks towards social integration in the work and social relevance of working life has been found significant to improve the QWL of bank employees.
This study aims to explain the phenomenon of synergity and competency between management and workers in the process of handling explosive goods in the Dahana Marunda Explosives Warehouse at North Jakarta, Indonesia. Game theory is used to explain the differences in competencies between workers and warehouse management who must work hand in hand in handling dangerous goods. Using qualitative research methods, primary data are collected through observation and interview instruments, while secondary data were obtained from documents related to handling explosives which are then analyzed inductively. The results of this study expose: First, handling dangerous goods includes warehouse functions, types of explosives, sending and receiving explosives, as well as the loading, licensing and storage of explosives. Second, labor synergity and warehouse management shows a pattern of group collaboration in which problem solving, decision making, differences in values blend into one cohesiveness. Third, the competency of the labor team and the warehouse management is seen based on the competency criteria and factors that affect competencies that are different but synergize with each other. Fourth, based on the analysis from the perspective of game theory, differences in competencies do not necessarily result in disputes between workers and warehouse management in handling explosives, on the contrary the labor and warehouse teams maintain mutual synergy by prioritizing teamwork, common vision-mission and standard procedures for handling explosives.
Current study aimed at measuring the attention that was given to E-HRM during COVID 19 pandemic the need to move towards managing the working teams virtually. Variables of E-HRM taken into consideration included (E-Recruitment, E-Training, E-Performance Management and E-Compensation). Through adopting the quantitative methodology, an online questionnaire was answered by (365) manager and employee within insurance sector in Jordan. SPSS was used to tackle and handle the gathered primary data, results indicated that now more attention is given to E-HRM practices after it succeeded in supporting internal operations of organization during the pandemic lockdown, and many organizations are welling to keep using E-HRM practices as according to tis convenient. Among the chosen variables of E-HRM; all managed to score a high and positive relationship to independent variable except for e-compensation which scored a medium relationship to COVID 19. Study recommended the need to reconsider human resource practices in the Jordanian insurance sector by intensifying training on managing remote workers and a mechanism for solving problems that may arise in a virtual work environment. Including that, study found out that operating virtually and remotely isn't enough; there is a must to automate the organizational culture not only its operations.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of organizational culture and organizational justice through attitudes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment) and behavior (organizational citizenship behavior) on the performance. The model proposed in this study were tested using structural equation modeling. Data were collected from 310 samples lecturer in economics high school in Jakarta. The findings in this study, that the only organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), which has direct influence on the performance of lecturers. Cultural organizations directly influence organizational justice and organizational commitment. The influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction is mediated by organizational justice, while the effect on the organizational justice organizational commitment with job satisfaction. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment directly influence the behavior of the extra roles. The influence of organizational culture on the performance of lecturers mediated by organizational justice, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior. The scope of this research is only at the higher education in economics in Jakarta, suggested further research on a broader scope, other suggestions comparing the performance of private college lecturer and public universities. Indicators of each dimension is used only 3 items, further research is recommended to use more indicators. This research has not been able to adopt all the determinants of faculty performance, further research is recommended to add / replace other variables such as communication, leadership, competence. The results of this study can be used as a useful tool for university leaders to redirect or strengthen decision-making aimed at improving the performance of the lecturers through organizational culture, organizational justice, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Originality in this study were incorporated the influence of organizational culture on organizational justice, and justice organizations as a mediator in the influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction.
Employee performance greatly affects an organization. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of organizational commitment on the relationship of leadership and working safety health on employee performance. This study also investigates the mediating role of organizational commitment in improving employee performance. This study was done on large category shipping companies in Indonesia. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to employees using a purposive sampling technique and analyzed using a structural equation model. The result showed that leadership and working safety health have a positive effect on employee performance. The mediating role of organizational commitment has its role in the relationship of leadership but does not occur on working safety health. The study contributes to the literature by showing the perspective of the mediating role of organizational commitment in employee performance on cruises.
The study measures the efficiency of NSE Pharma Index listed companies, during the COVID-19 pandemic period, ranging from December 2019 to November 2020.The main objective of this paper was to test the price movement of pharmaceutical companies, by using the statistical tools like descriptive statistics, ADF and GARCH (1,1) model. NIFTY Pharma Index reported high volatility duringCOVID-19 pandemic period.
Online consumer reviews offer a unique and abundant amount of information for consumers to assess the process and services previously. This study aimed to investigate the factors that affect online review usefulness and their impact on consumer purchases. Utilizing the structural equation modelling approach with smartpls software to investigate consumer's perception toward review usefulness and purchase decisions. Findings indicate that the product information and price perceptions have a positive impact and are substantially associated with online review usefulness, which impacts their purchasing decisions. The study concludes that the richness of information and ability to evaluate goods is the key characteristic of online review usefulness in consumers' perceptions.
Facebook is a popular social networking platform used for a variety of uses, including general and educational purposes. Digital links between teachers and students can now be created, removing physical distance barriers and enhancing the transformation of knowledge, data, and other tools. This research uncovered several variables that affect business students' usage of Facebook, primarily for educational purposes. A total of 611 business students from various Lahore universities took part in the survey. The data was then evaluated using the R programming language. To determine the relationship between latent and observable variables, the Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used. The relationship between latent variables was determined using path analysis. The findings revealed that social impact on business students could contribute to Facebook adoption. Finally, rather than its use as a social networking platform, Facebook's adoption has broadly explained its educational use.
The study aims to identify the impact of motivations on employees’ performance at several government agencies from Jerash in Jordan. The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach and developed a questionnaire which was distributed to (101) government employees who represented the study sample during the period (March, 2020-July, 2020). The study is significant for shedding light on assessing the impact of motivation on government employees in Jordan, a relatively underrepresented segment of study population within motivation theories. Results showed that the relationship between morale motivations and government employees’ job performance is 30% stronger than the relationship between physical motivations and the performance of the same employees. Further, results showed a nonexistence of a statistically considerable impact for the physical motivations on the study sample’s performance, with F-value of (1.68). The study recommends conducting modifications on the motivation system to align with the nature of the employees’ jobs and efforts, and, paying attention to both the physical and morale motivations .
This paper is an empirical assessment of the impact of inflation-targeting adoption –as a monetary policy framework by central banks– on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. Literature on international trade acknowledges the paramount role that FDI plays in fostering economic development and growth via integrating economies around the globe. Studies, such as OECD in 2014; UNCTAD in 2019, have shown that FDI acts as a catalyst for technological change, competition and expansion. These studies have also suggested that FDI is attracted to countries that exhibit good governance, low uncertainty and macroeconomic stability. The literature on monetary policy on the other hand argues that inflation targeting (IT) – a monetary policy framework– mitigates uncertainty, enhances governance and brings macroeconomic stability to the adopting countries. Hence, it would seem that the IT-adoption should enable the adopting countries attract the largest FDI inflows. To verify this conjecture, this study performs a comparative analysis between the IT-adopting countries and the non-adopters in attracting FDI. Using a panel of OECD and middle-income countries (MICs), the study employs the matching-estimation methodology, often used in assessing a treatment effect by comparing the before-and-after effects, such as a medical treatment at the micro-level, or a policy implementation at the macro-level. This comparison is two-staged: at first, the author estimates the FDI flows into OECD countries and MICs before and after the adoption of IT. At the second stage, the author then compares the difference between the FDI inflows among the IT-adopting countries and those who did not adopt IT. The empirical findings exhibit an interesting but contradicting pattern: when it comes to the OECD countries, the results show that the IT-adopters do better than the non-adopters in attracting the FDI inflows. According to these findings, the IT-adopting OECD countries have enjoyed a significant increase in the FDI inflows by about 3 ½ to 4 ½ percentage points compared to the non-IT OECD countries. For the middle-income countries, however, the IT-adoption appears to have an adverse effect on FDI inflows: a significant reduction in the FDI inflows is witnessed among the IT-adopters compared to their counterparts: The MICs that adopted inflation targeting have suffered a significant reduction in the FDI inflows by about 2 to 3 percentage points as compared to the non-IT adopting MICs. The author also performed numerous robustness checks to verify the empirical findings. The study’s results seem to be robust to the post-estimation sensitivity tests recommended for such empirical analysis, including the Rosenbaum sensitivity test.
The study examines the impact of the MRL on Vietnam's agricultural exports in Russia. The empirical evidence is shown through an in-force model with data throughout the 2001-2019 period and is divided into eight specific categories of Vietnamese exports to Russia. The research model also controls factors to ensure the suitability of the model such as: the ability to meet the needs of domestic Russian agricultural products (domestic output), tariffs, and types of exports. The research results show that as expected, the MRL regulation is one of the important non-tariff barriers to restrict Vietnam's exports in Russia. The research also shows that exports of different agricultural commodities have a different effect, in particular coffee, tea, mate and spices are exchanged while fruit products; Citrus peels or melons are being exchanged for lower potencies under defined conditions.
This study aimed to identify the role of intellectual capital (human capital, structural capital, and relational capital) in achieving competitive advantage (quality of education, flexible and responsive, and innovation) at Al-Ahliyya Amman University, to achieve these goals, the researcher used the descriptive and analytical approach. The study tool in collecting information and data was a questionnaire distributed to all the university's employees, who numbered (630) individuals. The data, the study questions and hypotheses were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).The study concluded some results, the most important is: The structural capital and its components (combined) have a statistically significant effect on achieving competitive advantage. The researcher recommend the necessity of dealing with intellectual capital as a major and strategic resource for the university and considering it the real wealth that guarantees universities the ability to adapt to achieve a competitive advantage in them.
Communication is considered a crucial phenomenon for the project success, but due to the silent behaviour of team members, it becomes challenging to complete the project according to the plan, and delay in it eventually leads to the failure of the project. Silence further leads to severe health consequences, including stress, emotional instability, and trust issues. Therefore, the management needs to pay special attention to this issue and resolve it by motivating team members to break up the silence and share their concerns. This study aims to examine the impact of ethical leadership in dealing with the silent behaviour of project team members through the mediating role of subordinate feeling trusted and loyalty towards their supervisor. Data were collected from 334 team members involved in the construction projects. Consistent with the literature, results confirm that ethical leadership reduces the silence of project team members (Acquiescent; Defensive; Prosocial). The findings also elaborate that the relationship between ethical leadership and project team members’ silence (Acquiescent; Defensive; Prosocial) is partially mediated by the subordinates feeling trusted and loyalty towards supervisor. These results suggest that project managers should adopt an ethical leadership style to prevent the silent behaviour of project team members, which will support the successful execution of projects.
Branding is common in industry to differentiate services and is employed in finance industry where it is used to distinguish services offered by different banks. The major of objective of the study was to determinethe elements of bank branding culture that leads to customer satisfaction and retention in the Nigerian banking industry. The studies rely on the survey questionnaire served to critical professionals who relate and work with the industry and are of managerial status. A response rate of 65% was achieved. Reponses were analysed using regression of the ordinary least squares and Spearman rank correlation. The results and outputs indicate that, there is indeed a branding culture in the Nigeria banking system and the critical variables that drive branding culture are staff, employee and innovation that were highly significant in the analysis. Services familiarity and popularity were significant to a less degree. The study recommended the employment of qualified staff and that good and adequate training to the made available to them to increase their ability to offer unique services that would differentiate the banks services in the market.
Study Purpose The study is aiming to recognize the investigation the role of Workforce Agility (WFA) Attributes for measuring the performance development through the Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis among Royal Bahraini Armed Depots. Study design, approach and methodology Due to the limited study population, it has been fully taken for the current study of (300) members included all the working specialists (officers, Military beneficiaries, and beneficiaries of local civilian companies) among the (3) Depots (Army Depot, Navy Depot, Air force Depot) in Royal Bahraini Armed Depots. Was using an Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA, CFA) of Workforce Agility (WFA) Attributes. Main Findings 1. The Attributes that adopted by the current study have a high level of credibility in the Exploratory and Confirmatory test which it means the possibility of relying on these Attributes in the future studies and linked to other variables. 2. The results of the current study show that the measured attributes are relevance for measuring the Performance Development in a side and conduct comparative studies in other side. Study Recommendations • Activate the role of Workforce Agility (WFA) Attributes in the work level to rise up the performance development in all level of work. • Training on Workforce Agility (WFA) Attributes to face the change in the environment for perfect performance development in all level of work. • Prepare a new style program for the new military cadet during the military drill to configure them to face the change in the environment during their service.
The research aims to study different elements that can contribute to the success of some project in construction industry specifically large scale construction projects. The objective is to evaluate the impact of project planning, project risk management, knowledge integration on project success. It is a quantitative study in which responses from n=175 respondents were collected using random sampling method. It is hypothesized that the project planning, knowledge integration and risk management, all contributes to the performance of the project in an efficient way. The findings are somehow in accordance with our hypothesis. Project planning and risk management are positively influencing the project success, but knowledge management has not shown significant influence on the success of the project. It is depicted that proper and in time planning and management of risk are the two factors contributing to the success of large-scale construction projects, so these factors need to be managed appropriately.
Proposed paper aimed to express the uniqueness of both Islamic Accounting and Financial Reporting Standards. The study aimed to make a significant comparative work by considering key aspects. Islamic Accounting Standards is backed by Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI).The presented research work was intended to mainly focus to identify which system is recommended for user in the UAE. The survey was carried out by considering detailed information from the respondent’s cross various research questionnaire.The strategy involved for gathering the data was by means of complete professional documents and there by preforming a well-defined set of questionnaires. These contents helped to make better survey by integrating financial institutions in the UAE.This work can be of significant importance which relates to (IFRS International Financial Reporting Standards), since it signifies few of the critical issues of the society such Riba and Zakat with respect to interest. The concept here it to inductee the communication with each other, due to the prolong era of new generation, improved accounting system has developed variety of ideological and mid set. In addition, these reporting standards promote the global implications which are much ahead of jurisdictions.
As COVID-19 pandemic has taken the world by surprise, it has resulted in an alteration to human activities that have never been seen before. Among the many areas that have been mostly affected is the education industry where institutions have resorted to online learning to maintain the educational process during lockdowns and other strict measures that governments around the world have implemented. Performance impact of such technology has risen as the main concern in that context;this study is making use of Delone & Mclean information success model to examine performance impact of online learning with the addition of cognitive absorption as a moderating variable to come out with a proposed conceptual framework for future empirical undertaking. The intended context of this study will be students within the public universities in the United Arab Emirates and implications are thoroughly discussed as well. © 2021
The world is witnessing great evolutions via information technology which interfaces with life partitions and since education is one of the most important life actors therefor must exploiting the information technology in education procedures. Accounting is one of the most important sciences taught at universities, E-accounting education has emerged to serve the learning process and achieve its goals. The accounting education has criteria that discipline the educational process and achieve high quality for the educational process as well as preparing a new generation qualified technically and scientifically which complies with the requirements of the accounting and auditing profession. Thus, due to the adoption of e-education at Iraqi universities for the covid -19 pandemic conditions, this research examines how successful e-learning in covering accounting auditing curriculum and determine its compliance with the international educational standard (IES8) related to auditor competency requirements and determining the extent of students' acceptance to this new educational approach. The research found a great match between accounting audit contents given to students electronically and the requirements of international education standards (IES8). Students prefer e-auditing education because of its flexibility, breaking the routine of the educational process, and breaking the barriers offear and shyness for some students during the study time intervals.
