Background Dental students may be vulnerable to substance-related and behavioral addictions because of academic and social pressures. This multicenter study assessed nicotine, alcohol, and digital addiction indicators and differences by sex and academic year. Methods A cross-sectional survey included 1,034 students aged 18-25 years from five dental faculties in Turkey. Participants completed the Fagerstr & ouml;m Test for Nicotine Dependence, CAGE questionnaire, and Digital Addiction Scale. Group comparisons used chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05). Results Smoking, alcohol use, and digital gaming were reported by 33.2%, 49.4%, and 67.2% of participants. Men reported more smoking and gaming, whereas women reported more alcohol use. Tobacco and alcohol use were moderately associated (kappa = 0.398; p < 0.001). Moderate and high nicotine dependence affected 11.4% and 2.6%, respectively; Fagerstr & ouml;m and CAGE scores did not differ by sex. Men scored higher for gaming, while women scored higher for social media use and daily-life impact. Nicotine and alcohol outcomes did not vary across academic years, but gaming and daily-life impact did. Conclusions Substance use and digital engagement were common, with sex-related digital patterns. Dental schools should implement proportionate screening, co-use prevention, digital well-being education, and healthy-coping support.
Objective The study aimed to examine the demographic, clinical, and personality characteristics in 76 individuals (60 men and 16 women) with abstinent Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), with a special focus on sex differences in personality traits and disorder patterns.Methods A cross-sectional design was used, and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) was employed to assess personality.Results The sample was young, single, and living with their family of origin. Women showed a higher educational level and fewer years of cannabis consumption than men. At the dimensional level (traits), significant differences were found in men that presented significantly higher scores on paranoid and narcissistic traits, with upward trends in schizoid, schizotypal, antisocial, and borderline traits (Cluster A and B). Women had significantly higher scores on histrionic traits. Most participants displayed personality traits but did not reach the full diagnostic threshold for personality disorder.Conclusion Detoxified individuals with CUD often present subclinical personality traits, especially within Cluster B. Sex differences are clearer at the dimensional trait level than at the categorical diagnostic level, which highlights the need to integrate sex-sensitive and personality-informed approaches into the assessment and treatment of CUD.
