The banking industry is known for its dynamic and competitive organizational structure, which requires polychronic employees to improve service quality and satisfy customers. However, to remain competitive, the banking industry must manage the level of work engagement. This study examines the link between the polychronic orientation of employees on service recovery performance and extra-role customer service with the intervening role of work engagement in the banking industry among 285 employees. Further, positive affectivity moderates between employees’ polychronic orientation and work engagement. This enhances our knowledge on polychronicity, work engagement, service performance recovery and extra-role customer service in the banking industry.
ABSTRACTThe paper aims to study the indirect effect of Insta influencers’ endorsement on Indonesian consumers purchase intention through brand attitude and brand credibility. A survey method based on an online questionnaire is distributed to collect data from Indonesian Instagram users that resulted in 288 usable responses. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is carried out to test the hypotheses. Research findings provide implications for both marketers and influencers by bolding the attribute of an effective endorsement that has tangible direct impact on Indonesian consumers’ behavior.KEYWORDS: Influencers’ endorsementbrand attitudebrand credibilitypurchase intentionsocial media marketing Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
The airline world is a little bit complex, especially on a regional, national, and continental basis. It is aimed to make a comprehensive analysis of Asia-Pacific Airlines’ financial structure in this analysis. If the reality of South Korea’s development in the last two decades is accepted, this development also should have an impact on the airline world. As it is expected, the impact of the South Korean won–USD exchange rate changed the hypothetical financial structure of the Asia-Pacific Region during the COVID-19 period. This change is shown with three models and six analyses.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is impacting local communities and global society. AI tools such as ChatGPT and OpenAI among others, are likely to transform the way we live, work, and interact with each other. It will impact various economic sectors in the United States, across the Asia Pacific region, and elsewhere. From medicine to pharmaceutical products, entertainment, corporate banking, retailing, and commerce. In the field of pharmaceutical and medicine, AI could usher in a future of innovation in diagnosis and could reshape the field of patient treatment care. AI could help medical providers identify medical markers quicker and better. Nurses, doctors, and hospital administrators can improve the medical care chain. It could cut costs, improve outcomes, and make for a more productive and efficient healthcare delivery system. An AI tool such as IBM Watson can provide diagnosis and data analysis faster. AI machine learning algorithms can process large amounts of data quicker and make more accurate and targeted treatment possible, thus reducing medical costs along the medical value-added chain. Moreover, AI could also improve medical revenue generating systems for hospitals through the organization of medical records. It could process medical test results faster, and allows doctors and healthcare providers to have more autonomy and better workflow, and improve patient-doctor interactions and allow for nurses and doctors to spend more time with patients. Moreover, during medical surgery, physicians can rely on multidimensional imagery to guide and improve surgical procedures. Also with AI, charts and documents can be reviewed faster and in real time to deliver better treatments. Hospitals using electronic medical records could benefit significantly by using AI tools. Drug manufacturers can also benefit from data analytics so that they can bring drugs to market faster. The development of the COVID-19 vaccine by Johnson & Johnson was brought to market faster with the help of AI analytics. The National Science Foundation is cooperating with Cornell University School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering to advance research on how to modify the polymer nanoparticles to make it possible to target cells in patients and bring about specific treatments with the help of nanomedicine solutions. Overall innovations in the healthcare delivery system and the pharmaceutical industries are very promising and will grow immensely with AI tools. Beyond medicine, AI can help optimize supply chains across various sectors from engineering to manufacturing and services. This will result in cost saving
China experienced a high rate of growth in its gross domestic product (GDP) during the last three decades. However, the Chinese economy now is at a watershed. The once double-digit growth rate exceeding 10% is giving way to a current rate of growth estimated by leading analysts to be in the range of 3% to 5% for 2023. This slowdown in the Chinese economy is likely to be the new normal for the immediate short term and beyond. In order for China’s economy to grow, it needs to continue to export goods to the United States, Europe, and other emerging economies. Moreover, China needs to continue to attract foreign investment. These are challenges immense. Moreover, China’s youth unemployment is in the range of 21% to 30%. Additionally, China is facing an aging population along with a crisis in its shadow banking system which is sitting on significant debts that may not be collected. Furthermore, deflation is also on the horizon and consumer spending is not growing as anticipated. The return to economic growth after COVID-19 did not materialize. Thus, the Chinese government needs to reduce the obstacles for foreign multinational companies, treat foreign firms fairly, and declare the country to be open to global business. Moreover, the high level of Chinese subsidies to state-owned enterprises should decline in order for a fair and nondiscriminatory level playing field that must be seen as equitable by foreign multinational firms.
Some advertisements include celebrity endorsers hoping that will increase the popularity of the ad and, thereby, the celebrity status will be positively associated with the brand. This paper reports the findings of a cross-cultural study undertaken across the cities Hong Kong, Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok and Mumbai, using the Foote, Cone & Belding (FCB) grid to determine whether the appearance of a celebrity increases the chance for the advertisement to be liked. The results found that the use of celebrity endorsements in liked advertisements differed considerably, which provide an insight for advertisers developing campaigns using celebrities in different Asian markets.
ABSTRACT This conceptual paper integrates needs, goals, and value/image congruence theories to propose an inclusive concept of consumer psychological engagement with companies and their brands or products. To maximize service experiences and marketing messages and ensure sustainable success, marketers and innovators must collect holistic intelligence on consumers’ needs, goals, values, and self-image to strengthen consumers’ psychological bonds with firms and their brands.
Bank diversification/focus strategies have a significant impact on banks’ riskiness and returns and consequently affect the overall health of the financial system and the economy. Focusing on the aggregate numbers of banking systems from two major economies and advanced financial systems from both sides of the Pacific, this study comparatively analyzes the diversification/focus status of US and Japanese banking systems at asset, liability, deposit, income, and expense categories. The results show major differences between these two leading banking systems, and their banks’ diversification strategies.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of manipulations of Nescafe’s sonic logo musical elements on brand attitude. The research method is a 2 (tempo: fast and slow) × 2 (phrasing: legato and staccato) within-subjects experimental factorial design. Results show that different levels of tempo do not affect brand attitude. The staccato and legato sonic logo respectively cause positive and negative attitudes toward the brand. Also, the interactive mode of tempo and phrasing has affected the attitude toward the brand. Attitude in staccato phrasing at both different levels of tempo is positive in comparison with legato phrasing.
Understanding the nature of the spread of misinformation is critical to an effort to control or minimize it. This paper uses existing cascade theories and ties them into propaganda frameworks to help understand the complex nature of fake news in contemporary media. We draw upon the availability cascades, cognitive cascades, and propaganda models to structure and process misinformation diffusion in the hope that it may help counter its spread. We use examples of fake news from Singapore, Myanmar, and India to conclude that the complexities of fake news creation, belief, and dissemination are significant, as is its enduring nature.
Sovereign wealth funds (“SWFs”) have emerged in the last three decades to be players in the global economy as funding sources. They have also received a great deal of attention and research interest and they hold an estimated $10.14 trillion as of 2022. The largest SWF is in the country of Norway and manages assets estimated at $1.4 trillion. According to the SWF Institute, the Public Investment Fund (PIF) of Saudi Arabia is second to that of Norway managing $973 billion, followed by the United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA) estimated at $969 billion, and the Kuwait Investment Authority (KAI) managing assets estimated at over $715 billion. China’s two SWFs account for an estimated $1.2 trillion. This essay explores the importance of SWFs to the global economy highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, the essay examines the global political and economic impact of these funds with a focus on the oil-producing states. SWFs’ role in the global economy is multifaceted. These funds help diversify and stabilize the economies of resource-rich countries. By channeling surplus revenues into diversified investments, SWFs reduce the dependency on a single commodity and mitigate the ups and downs of oil prices. This diversification enhances economic resilience and reduces the vulnerability of oil economies to external shocks. Secondly, SWFs promote intergenerational equity by preserving wealth for future generations. In oil-producing states, where oil resources are finite, SWFs serve as a vehicle for saving and investing a portion of the resource revenue. This prudent management of resources ensures that the wealth generated today will benefit future generations contributing to long-term sustainable development.
ABSTRACTChina seems to be replacing America as the powerbroker in the Middle East and the Gulf region while U.S.-ally Saudi Arabia seems to be switching sides. But while Riyadh prefers a non-liberal world order, such as the one China promises, Saudi economic interests remain aligned with America and the West, especially with signs indicating that China’s economy, and therefore power, have peaked, and are unlikely to replace America’s. Saudi Arabia’s bilateral trade and investments with China might suggest that relations between the two sides are deepening, but a closer look shows that such ties remain transactional, and therefore non-durable.KEYWORDS: Saudi ArabiaChinaEconomicsBelt and RoadVIsion 2030 America Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. https://www.gcc-sg.org/ar-sa/MediaCenter/NewsCooperation/News/Pages/news2022-12-9-4.aspx2. https://www.reuters.com/world/saudi-arabia-gathers-chinas-xi-with-arab-leaders-new-era-ties-2022-12-09/3. https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/chinese-yuan-on-slow-path-to-globalization-due-to-capital-account-controls-764849224. https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/chinese-yuan-on-slow-path-to-globalization-due-to-capital-account-controls-764849225. https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/surging-dollar-tests-chinas-capital-controls-cash-flees-2022-10-17/6. https://www.transparency.org/en/countries/iraq7. https://thediplomat.com/2023/03/chinas-expanding-influence-in-iraq/8. https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/China-sees-first-net-capital-outflow-in-more-than-2-years9. https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2023/07/27/deflation-is-curbing-chinas-economic-rise10. https://jewishinsider.com/2023/03/centcom-china-iran-middle-east-u-s-gen-michael-erik-kurilla-saudi-arabia/11. http://www.ensafnews.com/398289/بهشتی-پور-روابط-ایران-و-چین-استراتژیک-ن/12. https://greenfdc.org/countries-of-the-belt-and-road-initiative-bri/13. https://www.iraqoilreport.com/news/iraq-and-china-to-sign-massive-financing-deal-38041/14. https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220822-china-cements-influence-in-iraq-through-oil-infrastructure-deals15. https://www.asiainvestmentresearch.org/news/alleged-china-iraq-belt-and-road-initiative-investments-did-not-happen16. https://projects.voanews.com/china/global-footprint/english/projects/education/questions-arise-as-china-constructs-thousands-of-schools-in-iraq.html17. https://baghdadtoday.news/214195-تحقيق-مدارس-الاتفاقية-الصينية-يتخللها-فساد-عبر-العقود-الفرعية.html18. http://en.people.cn/n3/2023/0420/c90000–20008535.html19. https://www.akhbaralaan.net/news/exclusive/2023/07/11/مدراس-الصين-في-العراق-آيلة-للسقوط-والمقاولون-المحليون-يطالبون-بمستحقاتهم-المتأخرة20. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/chinas-sinopec-wins-contract-develop-mansuriya-gas-field-oil-ministry-2021-04-20/21. https://www.iraqoilreport.com/news/mansuriya-deal-collapsing-after-sinopec-requests-contract-overhaul-45495/22. https://theedgemalaysia.com/node/66694223. https://thechinaproject.com/2023/07/25/china-and-kuwait-vow-to-deepen-relations/24. https://agsiw.org/major-initiatives-fuel-riyadhs-development-ambitions/25. https://www.eurasiantimes.com/china-flies-its-bullet-train-in-arabian-deserts-as-beijing/26. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018–07/09/c_137312287.htm27. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/saudi-arabia-kuwait-reaffirm-rights-natural-resources-durra-gas-field-saudi-2023-08-02/28. https://www.arabnews.com/node/2360646/business-economy29. https://www.scmp.com/comment/opinion/article/3218184/how-brics-nations-are-leading-push-free-global-south-wests-financial-system
This research explores the complementary factors to servitization and firm performance. The management capabilities mediate, significantly impacting the firm’s performance. The competitive strategy is used as a moderator to enhance the servitization phenomena. A sample size of 236 medium to large manufacturing firms operating in different provinces of China. The study results show that management capabilities fully mediate the relationship between servitization and firm performance, and competitive strategies positively moderate the relationship between servitization and management capabilities. Firms must understand the local environment of China and have competent management skills to develop a competitive strategy for servitization to be successful.
This study investigates Artificial Intelligence (Awareness, Knowledge, Empowerment, Implementation) on competitiveness and the mediating role of innovations (Social Innovation, Environmental Innovation, and Technological Innovation). We employed the Open Innovation theory (OIT). The data from 480 SMEs were analyzed using SmartPLS. The findings elucidate that the relationship between AI (awareness, empowerment, implementation) and competitiveness is positively significant. Also, there is a partial mediation effect between AI awareness and competitiveness. Technological innovation partially mediates between AI (Implementation and Knowledge) and competitiveness. Policymakers should initiate strategies to integrate AI innovations. The study extends the OIT to create new technological, social and environmental innovations.
ABSTRACT Four types of academic social media (publication-repository, Q&A, crowd-funding, and blogs) provide a mixed methods review of Vietnamese academic usage with Chinese data presented as control. Data show the extent Vietnamese academics are present, and from this, a future trajectory. An iterative qualitative process assesses the quality of academic offerings. Results predict the character of future technological progress. The specific context of Vietnam, with its large population (95.5 million) and close proximity to China provides a backdrop to scientific innovation and academic endeavors taking place here. The presence of Vietnamese academics on social media is a marker for future growth.
ABSTRACTWith increasing nursing shortages, workforce flexibility is frequently used in hospitals. Commonly referred to as "mobility flexibility" or "floating," this type of workforce flexibility cross-trains and re-deploys nurses to the short-staffed hospital units. Using panel data across three years, we empirically show that mobility flexibility has a U-shaped effect on operating costs. It is very helpful in reducing costs at first. However, beyond an infliction point, the benefit of mobility flexibility diminishes. Managers should encourage limited employee movement outside their units and provide a mechanism to capture the knowledge gained during their re-deployments.KEYWORDS: Health care servicesworkforce flexibilitynursingcross-training AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr. Luv Sharma for his valuable contributions to this project.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. We are unable to identify the state that is dropped from the final dataset, because of deidentification by ANA associates.
This study analyzes emerging market firms’ capital structure decisions. We select the reference as 2007–2008 financial crisis and study the temporal behavior. We investigate if EM firms differ in decisions of issuing debt and equity and if their responses to the global financial crisis are explicable with the existing theories. Our findings suggest that the crisis behavior of EM firms is not fully conformable with the extant theories. Their debt and equity reversals are antithetical, that is in the reverse direction from the last extreme point, driving a pattern to stagger between substantial debt issues followed by equity expansions.
A new regression-based revealed comparative advantage index is used to analyze Vietnam’s exports. Vietnam now has the highest comparative advantage in electronics in the world. It suggests that Vietnam may be a new follower in the “flying geese” style and reinforces the Kojima (2000) view that sufficient inward FDI can change comparative advantage. With detailed FDI and local data, we estimate that this change was brought about by a massive surge of inward FDI amounting to 6% of GDP. Lastly, we opine that while the comparative advantage in footwear may decline, that in electronics may be here to stay.
