Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a major public health problem, prompting the exploration of medicinal plants as potential alternatives. Among these, Cannabis sativa is known for its various pharmacological properties. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial activity, chemical profile, acute toxicity, and in silico properties of C. sativa leaf extracts from Ain Louh Mezraoua Commune, Sahel Boutahar sector, Taounate Province, Morocco. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of C. sativa leaf extracts from the Taounate region (Morocco) was evaluated against a variety of microbial strains, including Staphylococcus haemolyticus, a species that has received limited attention in research investigating the antimicrobial activity of Cannabis extracts. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed on the most active extract. Acute toxicity was evaluated at a dose of 2000 mg/kg, followed by an in silico study. Results: The methanolic extract showed the highest antimicrobial effect, with moderate activity particularly against Staphylococcus haemolyticus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)= 125μg/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC= 250μg/ml), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC= 250μg/ml). GC-MS analysis tentatively identified neophytadiene (52.38%), phytol (22.46%), and pseudosarsasapogenin (14.47%) as the major components. Acute toxicity evaluation showed no mortality or signs of toxicity, with a median lethal dose (LD50) greater than 2000 mg/kg and no significant hematological, hepatic, or renal biochemical changes. Decreased blood glucose and triglyceride levels were recorded. Pseudosarsasapogenin exhibited the highest binding affinity towards the selected bacteria. Discussion: The major components present in the methanolic extract may contribute to the observed antimicrobial activity. The strong binding affinity of pseudosarsasapogenin toward the selected bacterial targets, as determined by molecular docking, supports its possible involvement in the observed antimicrobial effects. In addition, the absence of mortality or signs of acute toxicity, along with the absence of significant changes in hepatic and renal biochemical parameters, suggests low acute toxicity under the tested conditions. Conclusion: The results suggest that the methanolic extract of C. sativa may have antimicrobial activity and low acute toxicity. These findings highlight the need for further investigation of pseudosarsasapogenin and its potential therapeutic applications.
Following publication of the article entitled “Insights into the Phytochemical Profile and Therapeutical Potential of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal” [1], certain phrases and expressions were identified that were unclear or inconsistent with established scientific terminology. To ensure accuracy and clarity of the published record, these expressions have been corrected using appropriate terminology that more accurately conveys the intended scientific meaning. These corrections are limited to the wording and terminology of the affected passages and do not alter the data, results, scientific interpretations, or conclusions of the article. The specific corrections are provided below: Section 5.1, Paragraph 2 Original text: The action of GPx diminished altogether in the spinal string from grown-up to matured mice. Corrected text: The action of GPx diminished altogether in the spinal cord from grown-up to matured mice. Section 11.1, Paragraph 2 Original text: It was also observed that various bioactive components of W. somnifera help in modulating models of neurodegen-erative sicknesses, spinal string damage, and Alzheimer's illness. Corrected text: It was also observed that various bioactive components of W. somnifera help in modulating models of neurodegen-erative sicknesses, spinal cord damage, and Alzheimer's illness. Section 13.2, Paragraph 1 Original text: From the leaves of W. somnifera, 12 withanolides were tried for hostile to proliferative movement in lungs, colon, and bosom, focal apprehensive framework human tumor cell lines. Corrected text: From the leaves of W. somnifera, 12 withanolides were tried for hostile to proliferative movement in lungs, colon, and breast, focal apprehensive framework human tumor cell lines. Section 15.1, Paragraph 2 Original text: Research underpins the utilization of W. somnifera for joint inflammation. In a twofold visually impaired, fake treatmentcontrolled hybrid examination, 42 patients with osteoarthritis got an equation containing ashwagandha or fake treatment for a quarter of a year. Corrected text: Research underpins the utilization of W. somnifera for joint inflammation. In a dual sensory impairment, fake treatmentcontrolled hybrid examination, 42 patients with osteoarthritis got an equation containing ashwagandha or fake treatment for a quarter of a year. Section List of Abbreviations Original text: LAB = Lactic Corrosive Bacterial Corrected text: LAB = Lactic Acid Bacterial The original article has been updated accordingly. This corrigendum is published to ensure transparency and accuracy of the scholarly record. The corrected version of the article is available online at https://www.eurekaselect.com/article/144120 The authors regret these errors and apologise for any inconvenience they may have caused.
Introduction: Several pathologies are associated with intracellular redox imbalances; therefore, endogenous components such as the enzyme catalase and exogenous components such as phenolic acids are of crucial importance in the prevention and maintenance of this redox homeostasis with consequent cellular protection. In this context, this study investigated the influence of ferulic and p-coumaric acids on catalase activity and on the potential intracellular antioxidant response. Methods: Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were used as a eukaryotic biological model, highlighting the catalase-deficient cell line (ΔΔΔΔctt1) to evaluate the relevance of the enzyme in the action promoted by the compounds. We used cell survival, catalytic activity, antioxidant capacity, and molecular docking assays. Hydrogen peroxide (2.0 mM) was used as a stressor. Results: Phenolic acids promoted antioxidant action at a non-cytotoxic concentration (60 μM), both in the analysis of cell death and in the reduction of intracellular oxidation levels with 2',7'- dichlorofluorescein, with emphasis on ferulic acid. The docking results indicated that phenolic acids have the possibility of establishing predominantly hydrophobic interactions with the catalase enzyme in a cavity distant from the catalytic site. Discussion: In this case, the verified antioxidant potential of the phenolic compounds ferulic and p-coumaric acids may add to the antioxidant action of the endogenous defense systems, without necessarily having a direct action on this system. Conclusion: This showed that ferulic and p-coumaric acids can affect catalase activity, but it is suggested that their antioxidant power does not intrinsically depend on the action of this enzyme.
Introduction: Biologically active compounds found in natural sources, especially medicinal plants, have been used for centuries due to their important role in therapeutics. The present study focused on the identification of chemical constituents and biological activities of Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L. (horseshoe vetch) extract, which is a member of the Fabaceae family. Methods: The plant leaves were extracted using 75% ethanol (1:10 w/v) based on the maceration technique followed by GC-MS analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extract was evaluated by utilizing the standard strain Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of the extract was assessed by studying the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-10) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Results: GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 52 compounds, including phenols, fatty acids, alkaloids, and heterocyclic compounds. The extract exhibited significant inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, and the effect was 19.2 ± 0.5 mm at 100 mg/ml, compared to Vancomycin, 21.2 ± 0.3 mm. Subsequent MIC testing revealed an MIC value at 50 mg/ml. Furthermore, decreases in NO production and (TNF-α) levels were observed in a dosedependent manner, with corresponding increases in IL-10 levels, indicative of a concentrationdependent immunomodulatory effect. Discussion: The Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L. extract exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results suggest that the extract not only mitigates the inflammatory response but also enhances immune regulation, and this is likely attributed to the identified bioactive compounds. Conclusion: The study provides preliminary scientific evidence supporting the traditional medicinal use of Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L., highlighting its potential as a valuable source of bioactive constituents and requiring further pharmacological investigation.
Introduction: Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. (C. maxima; Pomelo; Rutaceae) contains high phytochemical content with neuroprotective activities. This study aims to evaluate the anti- Alzheimer property of C. maxima peel oil using in vitro, in silico, and in vivo studies. Methods: Peel oil of C. maxima was extracted through a hydrodistillation process and characterized by LC-MS analysis. Bioactive phytochemicals were subjected to molecular docking analysis for binding affinity with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. In vitro AChE inhibitory activity was determined using Ellman’s method. Cognitive activities were determined using the Y-maze, Elevated Plus Maze, and Morris Water Maze in scopolaminetreated mice. Estimation of AChE, IL-6, and Tau protein content in the brain was done. Results: Limonene, α-pinene, β-myrcene, linalool, Sabinene, Decanal, Limonene oxide, trans limonene oxide, and auraptene were the major phytochemicals. Peel oil inhibited the activity of the AChE enzyme with an IC50 value of 26.4 μg/mL. Favorable binding affinities of the major phytochemicals with AChE were observed using molecular docking. C. maxima peel oil improved cognitive activities in scopolamine-treated mice and significantly decreased IL-6 and Tau protein content at 400 mg/kg. Discussion: These results indicate that C. maxima peel oil could exert neuroprotective actions due to its influence on cholinergic activity and neuroinflammation/Tau changes. Conclusion: C. maxima peel oil proved to be effective in inhibiting Alzheimer’s disease activity in various experimental models.
