Seeds of Cnidium dauricum (Jacq.) Fisch. C. A. Mey. (Apiaceae) contained 12 compounds including flavonoids (2–5), hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids (6–12), and the new compound 1. Compound 1 was 1,4-di-O-malonyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid according to UV and NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data. A study of the biological activity of 1 showed that it possessed antioxidant activity and exhibited inhibitory activity against several digestive enzymes.
A new γ-butyrolactone derivative (E)-3-methyl-5-(2-methylbut-2-enoyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (1), together with five heptaketides (2–6) was obtained from the culture extract of Alternaria alternata XPA24. Structures of these compounds were elucidated by means of IR, NMR, HR-ESI-MS data, and by comparison with the literature. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Compounds 2 and 3 showed significant antibacterial activity against MRSA with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 4 and 16 μg/mL; compounds 1 and 6 also demonstrated obvious anti-MRSA activity with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 32 μg/mL, whereas compounds 4 and 5 exhibited only weak anti-MRSA activity.
Lipids from seeds with bracts of the halophyte Achillea filipendulina L. (fernleaf yarrow, Asteraceae) were studied. The yields of neutral, glyco-, and phospholipids were 3.63, 1.54, and 0.49
In this study, two new iridoids, ethyl-7-isobutyrylcyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate (1) and methyl-7-isobutyrylcyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate (2), together with five known iridoids (3–7) were isolated from the fruit of Psoralea corylifolia L. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Interestingly, the antifungal test revealed that compounds 1 and 2 showed notable antifungal activity against Golovinomyces cichoracearum with inhibition rates of 66.4
Borohydride reduction of 4-acetyl-2-carene (5) gave alcohol 6, reaction of which with diketene led to acetoacetate 7, which underwent heterocyclization with 1-azido-4-nitrobenzene, 4-azido-7-chloroquinoline, 2-azido-1-arylethanones, and 3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one. All synthesized compounds except alcohols 3 and 6 showed in vitro cytotoxicity against tumor cells Capan-1, HCT-116, LN-229, NCI-H460, DND-41, HL-60, K-562, and Z-138. Pyrrole derivative 9 was one of the most active substituted 2-carenes with IC50 values below 10 μM for all cell lines, which was indicative of a cytotoxic effect.
