This article presents Slovenia’s transport geography and its impact on traffic conditions. It examines the dominant role of road transport in comparison to public passenger transport and sustainable modes of travel, viewed from the lens of settlement patterns and development. The article also provides an overview of road, rail, maritime, and air transport, along with changes in their volume between 2013 and 2023.
This paper explores the markets and other locations in the Kozjansko region that were historically vibrant centres of fair activity, with a focus on the period from the 18th century to the second half of the 20th century. There were various types of fairs, the most prominent being livestock and craft fairs, frequently held together. Fairs were especially associated with market towns in Kozjansko, a status that certain local settlements achieved remarkably early in the modern period. However, fairs also took place in settlementsthat lacked official market status. Livestock fairs primarily involved the trade of cattle, and to a lesser extent, horses and pigs. Craft fairs, which typically took place alongside livestock fairs, featured a wide variety of products, the most commonly traded being agricultural tools, clothing, footwear, and household goods.
This article explores the connections between the environment and health, focusing on the impacts of air pollution, noise, extreme weather events, and urban heat islands on people’s health, particularly vulnerable populations. It also presents potential solutions for mitigating these negative impacts, such as green infrastructure and awareness-raising tools. The paper is based on the findings of the Partnership for Environment and Health (POZ 3.0) project and includes educational infographics that are also suitable for use in schools.
The formation and characteristics of the Slovenian coast have been mainly influenced by rock composition, sea level and movement, and runoff from the land. The coast is predominantly composed of flysch rocks, one-third of unconsolidated river sediments, and some limestone. In its geomorphological structure, high and low coasts alternate. Abrasion has created high coasts with cliffs on the peninsulas, while fluvial erosion has shaped the bays. Rivers have not only carved out their beds, but have also deposited sediments that form the coastal plains within the bays. Human activity has also influenced the current morphology by preventing the natural action of the sea along most of the Slovenian coast through the construction of breakwaters, embankments, and artificial beaches.
This article analyses migration flows in Slovenia since 2000, detailing the patterns of various categories of migrants based on demographic and other factors (such as nationality, place of birth, region, gender, age, family migration history). It offers a periodisation of migration between 2000 and 2024 in light of socio-economic changes, particularly the financial and Covid-19 crises, both of which profoundly influenced migration dynamics and have radically changed the current demographic conditions as well as reshaped the Slovenian demographic landscape. Slovenia experienced a net loss of 57,284 Slovenian citizens while gaining 217,177 foreign nationals over the past quarter century (2000-2024). The author highlights internal population redistribution, increased emigration of Slovenian citizens from the periphery and border regions, and a concentration of foreign immigration in urban areas and the central region.
Akcijski dnevi za Muro, poimenovani Let‘s flow together, so pomembno povezali izobraževalne ustanove s slovenske in avstrijske strani mejne reke Mure. Namen tovrstnega čezmejnega povezovanja in sodelovanja šol je izobraževanje in ozaveščanje mladih o ukrepih za prilagajanje podnebnim spremembam. Do zdaj smo izvedli dva akcijska dneva za Muro, enega na avstrijski in enega na slovenski strani. Dogodka se vsakokrat udeleži 50 učenk in učencev iz slovenskih in avstrijskih šol, ki v manjših skupinah ob Muri aktivno delajo na pripravljenih tematskih postajah. Teme postaj so zastavljene interdisciplinarno, obravnavane so različne vsebine, povezane z reko Muro, življenjem v in ob njej, naravnim okoljem, biosfernim parkom idr. Vso gradivo je pripravljeno dvojezično slovensko-nemško, v obeh jezikih poteka tudi komunikacija. Učenke in učenci tako preživijo poučen in hkrati zabaven dan s sovrstniki iz šol z obeh strani meje ob reki Muri in spoznajo, da nas reka in državna meja ne ločujeta, temveč povezujeta. Projekt pote
V Sloveniji smo leta 2023 pridelali 518 kg komunalnih odpadkov na prebivalca, kar nas uvršča med države z največ odpadki. Velik del odpadkov, zlasti plastike, konča v rekah in oceanih, kjer povzroča hude okoljske težave. Najbolj znan primer je Velika pacifiška cona smeti, ki meri več kot 1,6 milijona km² in je nastala zaradi kroženja morskih tokov. V oceane letno pride med 75 in 199 milijonov ton plastike, večinoma iz azijskih držav. Plastika se v morju razkraja na manjše delce, sprošča toksine in negativno vpliva na morski ekosistem, zlasti živali, in posredno tudi na gospodarstvo in zdravje ljudi. Problematičnost plastike je v njeni trajnosti, množični uporabi in nizki stopnji recikliranja. Prvi in najpomembnejši korak, ki ga lahko naredi vsakdo izmed nas, je zmanjšanje ustvarjanja odpadkov. Le tako lahko resnično prispevamo k varovanju okolja in ohranjanju naravnih virov za prihodnje generacije.
Prenovljeni učni načrti, ki smo jih za gimnazije in druge srednje šole dobili po 17 in za osnovno šolo po 14 letih, so temeljito spremenjeni tako glede zgradbe kot same vsebine oz. ciljev. V zgradbi se to kaže v enotnem poimenovanju sestavnih delov (tema, skupina ciljev, cilji, standardi, termini, didaktična priporočila na več ravneh), v vsebinskem pogledu pa v novih vsebinah in skupinah ciljev ter v novih oz. prenovljenih ciljih. Prispevek podrobno predstavi učne načrte za geografijo, jih primerja s prejšnjimi in analizira novosti, ki jih je prinesla tokratna kurikularna prenova.
Članek analizira povezave med prehranskimi sistemi in podnebnimi spremembami ter osvetljuje vzgojo in izobraževanje kot ključni dejavnik pri oblikovanju trajnostnih vedenjskih vzorcev in krepitvi zelenih kompetenc. Prehranska proizvodnja in potrošnja sta med največjimi viri emisij toplogrednih plinov ter pomembno prispevata k izgubi biotske raznovrstnosti in degradaciji okolja, zato je potrebno prenoviti učne pristope pri usposabljanju prihodnjih generacij strokovnih kadrov. Poseben poudarek je namenjen inovativnim pedagoškim metodam, kot sta igrifikacija in učenje z igro, ki povečujeta angažiranost učečih se ter omogočata sistemsko razumevanje kompleksnih okoljskih izzivov. Kot primer dobre prakse je predstavljen projekt The Food Odyssey, sofinanciran v okviru Erasmus+, ki je s soustvarjalnim procesom razvil digitalno sobo pobega ter večjezična učila in učne pripomočke za krepitev trajnostne in prehranske pismenosti.
Razumevanje vpliva umetne inteligence (UI) na pomnjenje v študijskem procesu je ključnega pomena, zlasti ob njeni vse večji uporabi v visokem šolstvu. Študija ugotavlja vpliv UI na učne izide pri študiju geografije, s poudarkom na razumevanju ključnih terminov pri predmetih fizične geografije. Primerjamo učenje z uporabo UI s tradicionalnimi metodami učenja. Rezultati kažejo, da UI omogoča hitro iskanje informacij, vendar lahko ovira globlje konceptualno razumevanje. Ugotovitve prispevajo k prihodnji vključitvi UI v izobraževanje na univerzitetni ravni.
V prispevku na podlagi statističnih podatkov o končni porabi električne energije v zadnjem obdobju analiziramo nekaj možnih scenarijev prihodnjega razvoja elektroenergetskega sistema v Sloveniji. Ti kažejo, da ne bo možno pokrivati porabe električne večinsko z obnovljivimi viri, ampak bo nujna kombinacija zlasti z jedrsko energijo.
Ob 30-letnici obstoja informacijskega in izobraževalnega centra Jezerski hram v Dolenjem Jezeru pri Cerknici je bil ustanovitelj Vekoslav Kebe deležen vsestranskih pohval in več priznanj. Za širjenje znanja o najznamenitejšem kraškem polju na svetu ima Jezerski hram na čelu z Vekoslavom Kebetom velike zasluge. Osrednja atrakcija Jezerskega hrama je živa maketa v obliki Cerkniškega jezera, nekaj kvadratnih metrov velik model, s katerim razlagalec občinstvu lahko v kratkem času pričara skrivnosti pretakanja kraških podzemeljskih voda, predvsem nastopanje in umikanje vode. Ta metoda ima veliko didaktično vrednost, zato je center izjemno dobro obiskan. Njegov ustanovitelj Vekoslav Kebe je k prejšnjim dosežkom dodal še knjigo z naslovom »Jezerski čoun,« ki bralcu omogoča temeljito poglobitev v zgodovino nastanka in v uporabnost tega čolna. Brez tega pripomočka domačini ne bi mogli premagovati visoke jezerske vode. Z njim so lahko prevažali najrazličnejše tovore. »Jezerski čoun« te funkcije nima več, a se v Jezerskem hramu obiskovalci lahko o njem poučijo do potankosti. S tem v Jezerskem hramu povezujejo preteklost s sedanjostjo. Članek je namenjen ovrednotenju tridesetletnega dela, dosežkov in poslanstva Jezerskega hrama, kar še posebej ceni geografska stroka.
The ability to name processes and phenomena in the environment and society accurately is undeniably a core component of geographical knowledge. The terminology – particularly specialised technical terms – often dominates this naming process, forming what teachers and students perceive as a mandatory yet challenging and burdensome, aspect of geography education. In many cases, this involves memorising foreign terms that lack clear meaning for students without a linguistic context. However, given the additional explanation and valuable class time required, teachers are more inclined to omit borrowed terms not explicitly included in the curriculum than to skip essential content.
Taxonomies of learning objectives serve as valuable tools for teachers, enabling them to align specific student outcomes with curriculum goals. Slovenian educators widely recognise and frequently use Bloom’s taxonomy of learning objectives to support their assessment practices. However, taxonomies offer broader applications beyond evaluation. This paper introduces the revised Bloom’s taxonomy and the SOLO taxonomy, and it presents examples of two cross-curricular lessons in geography and history designed using these frameworks.
Humanity has long understood the value of mimicking and harnessing natural processes for practical use. In contemporary times, such systems are increasingly installed or upgraded in areas prone to floods, landslides, and fires. This paper highlights using passive rainwater collection as a fire safety measure, focusing on its application within the Model of Fire Safety on the Karst project. This initiative encompasses 11 farms equipped with pilot systems for rainwater harvesting. These effective nature-based solutions integrate eco-remediation and blue-green infrastructure, combining structural and passive methods that emulate natural processes.
This paper provides a concise overview of the history of Plešivški Manor, located on the southern slope beneath Uršlja Gora, Carinthia. Originally a peasant farm rather than a noble residence, the property evolved from a substantial farmstead into a manor with an extensive estate. The manor served as the hub of economic activity in the surrounding area. The ownership changed four times between the late 19th and early 20th centuries before being nationalised after World War II. Following nationalisation, the forests were transferred to state ownership, while the former tenant farms were granted permanently to their tenant farmers.
The town square of Planina pri Sevnici, nestled beneath one of Slovenia’s oldest castles, was first linked to the castle in historical records as early as 1190. Originally part of the vast holdings of the Savinja border counts, the estate eventually passed to its final heiress, St. Hemma, who established a women’s monastery in Krka, Carinthia. Over time, the castle and its surrounding manor came under the control of feudal lords tied to the Krka diocese, notably the Knights of Planina (named after a nearby village) and the Ostrovrhar family. During the 14th and 15th centuries, the property was held by the Counts and Princes of Celje. Notably, Frederick II of Celje and his wife, Veronika Deseniška, resided in the castle for a period. Following the extinction of the Celje lineage, ownership transferred to a succession of noble families, including the Mosconi family (1593–1769), followed by the Protasi and Gorišek families. The castle’s last inhabitant was Gustav Blome. In 1882, efforts began to uncover the castle, though it gradually fell into ruin. Today, its partially preserved remnants showcase a grand Romanesque palace, with sections of the walls and two defensive towers still standing. The southern Gothic wall remains the bestpreserved feature, while the basement of the former castle granary endures nearby.
This paper explores preschool teachers’ perceptions of geography based on a study conducted as part of the requirements for a Master’s degree program. Twelve preschool teachers were interviewed regarding the geography-related social objectives outlined in the Kindergarten Curriculum and the activities they implement to achieve these goals. The respondents identified several curriculum objectives as geographyrelated, although some held little or no clear geographic relevance. However, when discussing teaching and learning activities, the teachers were more likely to describe practices with at least partial geographic content. These findings suggest that geography is more consistently recognised and applied in the practical execution of teaching activities than in the teachers’ conceptual understanding of the curriculum’s goals.
