In late 2019, an infection in humans by the SARS-CoV-2 virus was detected for the first time in Wuhan, China By February, several countries had sustained viral circulation On March 11, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic Initially, one of the main concerns regarding the spread of this pathogen was the possible lack of capacity of health systems to absorb the demand for resources in a pandemic situation At the local level, on March 19 a measure of social, preventive and mandatory was established, from March 20 to March 31, 2020, in order to protect public health, which was later extended until March 26 April through DNU 335/2020 MEDICUS is a private medicine company with representation throughout Argentina for 48 years 85% of its affiliates reside in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina The objective of this study is to propose a modified SYIR (Susceptible-Contagious-Infective-Recovered) model, with the purpose of generating a monitoring tool that can anticipate the behavior of the COVID-19 pandemic in the AMBA population of a company prepayment, and the consequences of the measures adopted by the health authorities and their compliance over time In the case of MEDICUS, for the optimistic scenario, a start of the peak of cases is expected in the first week of June and an end in late November, with a peak in early September;the pessimistic scenario begins the peak in mid-April, reaches its maximum in late May and ends in mid- June It presents a much larger number of cases, more concentrated in time The moderate scenario is an intermediate of both The COVID-19 pandemic is a huge challenge for all health systems in the world, not just for Argentina In our study, we forecast three possible scenarios for the behavior of the pandemic (optimistic, moderate and pessimistic) that will depend on the characteristics, adherence and persistence of the isolation measures in our country Given the current dynamics and compliance with these measures, we estimate it possible that the real measure is somewhere between the optimistic and moderate scenarios
The current study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Sucre State, Venezuela, and its association with epidemiological risk factors. The cluster sampling design allowed selecting 96 villages and 576 dwellings in the State's 15 municipalities. A total of 2,212 serum samples were analyzed by ELISA, HAI, and IFI. Seroprevalence in Sucre State was 3.12%. Risk factors associated with T. cruzi infection were: accumulated garbage, flooring and wall materials, type of dwelling, living in a house with wattle and daub walls and/or straw roofing, living in a house with risky walls and roofing, risky buildings and wattle and daub outbuildings, poultry inside the human dwelling, and presence of firewood. Infection was associated with individual age, and three seropositive cases were found in individuals less than 15 years of age. Sucre State has epidemiological factors that favor the risk of acquiring T. cruzi infection.
Diphyllobothriasis is a parasitic infection caused by a cestode of the genus Diphyllobothrium, whose adults develop in mammals and/or birds. Man is also a definitive host and the juvenile stages in its life cycle develop in copepods and teleostean fishes. The ecological conditions for the installation of this endemic disease are present in the lake regions of the south of Argentina. Six cases of human diphyllobothriosis were attended in the Francisco J. Muniz Infectious Diseases Hospital during the period 2002-2006 and epidemiological, clinical and laboratory diagnoses were made in all of them. Specific antiparasitic treatment and post-treatment follow-up were carried out. All the cases evolved favorably. The importance of this publication lies in that it provides a warning to those agents who work in the health area about the presence of this emergent pathology in the Andean areas of Patagonia in patients who consume raw or undercooked fish from these areas. Special emphasis is placed on the possibility of acquiring the infection by consuming certain dishes from the Orient, such as sushi or sashimi in other non-endemic zones.
Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are uncommon malignancies consisting of both carcinoid and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs). These tumors are usually associated with metastasis when diagnosed. Although prolonged survival is common, overall survival decreases substantially when a patient becomes symptomatic and when the tumor progresses on somatostatin analog therapy. While somatostatin analogs can help to treat symptomatology and slow tumor growth mainly in low grade tumors, there have been no proven long term treatments to effectively aid these patients. Recently, two phase Ill trials along with pre clinical studies have provided promising advancements, mainly in the treatment of pNETs. The emergence of targeted therapies consisting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors and peptide receptor radiolabeled therapy (PORT) have demonstrated modest efficacy but can result in non-trivial toxicities. In this review we will discuss recent trials and current therapies for well-differentiated NETs.
Gingival inflammation is frequently observed in pregnancy due to the increase of female sex hormones in the circulation. Gingivitis severity increases in the second month of gestation, peaking in the eighth. The objectives of this study were to determine the level of gingival bleeding between the first and eighth month of pregnancy, set the period of highest incidence and severity of gingival bleeding and correlate this finding with the increase of sex hormones in the circulation. A transverse study was conducted on a sample of 60 women who were enrolled in the first trimester of pregnancy, and a control group of 120 pregnant women of the same age characteristics. Prophylactic therapy was performed and when the pregnancies ended the first trimester plaque was controlled, and the gingival bleeding index and hormone dosage were obtained in the whole sample. At the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy, prophylactic therapy was repeated, and at the end, plaque was controlled, and gingival bleeding index and hormonal dosage were obtained. The coexistence of an inhibition of inflammatory cell function and increased progesterone levels decrease the inflammatory response against plaque, thus exacerbating the gingival situation.
Introduction: Narcolepsy is a primary disturbance of the Central Nervous System with a prevalence of 0.02%. It is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, sleep palsy, and sleep fragmentation. Diagnosis: Narcolepsy diagnosis is defined by clinical defaults and analysis of five naps during multiple sleep latency tests. Pathophysiology: Higher prevalence of HLA-DQB1 *0602 allele and lower hypocretin-1 levels were demonstrated in patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy. However, the pathophysiology is not completely known, although a few theories are currently under discussion. Recently, authors described different patterns in the alpha T cell receptor locus and higher prevalence of specific tribbles homolog 2 antibodies in the narcoleptic population. Treatment: The treatment must ensure the familial and social integration of the patient. Conclusion: Narcolepsy is an interesting disease, which involves neurology, immunology, sleep medicine, psychiatry, and genetics. Narcoleptic patients have various difficulties in personal, professional and familial scenarios. Although many advances have been made, the best tool is information for physicians and the general population.
