Mulberry, a crop generating substantial residues, presents an opportunity for sustainable biochar production. This study examined the physicochemical properties of biochar made from mulberry residues at different temperatures (250, 300, 350, and 400 °C) during the pyrolysis process. Systematic analysis was done on important physicochemical characteristics-bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, and water holding capacity. Every parameter that was examined showed a strong relationship with the pyrolysis temperature. Range of moisture content was found to be from 2.28% to 7.73%, volatile matter from 32.33% to 67.24%, ash content from 2.26% to 9.46%, fixed carbon from 24.77% to 55.93% and water-holding capacity was 68.55% to 92.46%. The 400 °C pyrolysis temperature produced the highest pH and EC values (8.38 and 0.38 dS/m, respectively) and also recorded the highest bulk density (0.67 mg m −3 ). The resulting biochar’s physicochemical properties proved to be well-suited for improving soil quality and supporting sustainable agricultural practices. However, further studies are necessary to improve the techniques used in the manufacture of biochar and to understand its long-term effects. Additionally, efforts should be made to raise awareness among farmers through various extension activities, such as workshops, training programs, and field demonstrations, to encourage its widespread use in agricultural practices.
Sodium-ion batteries (SIB), with their relatively high energy density and good thermal stability, are currently attracting widespread attention. The separator is the key component of the SIB, which greatly affects the electrochemical performances and safety of the battery. Conventional polymer based separators cannot meet the requirements of the large scale application because of the high cost and poor thermal stability. Herein, the novel composite separators which are composed of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and nano-SiO2 by a simple slurry sieving process and paper making route were fabricated and utilized for the SIBs. The composite mass ratio are range from 100:0 to 40:60, and the composite separator exhibited excellent performance. As the content of nano-SiO2 reaches to 60%, the tensile strength and length at break are 5.73 MPa and 4.16%, respectively. The porosity, electrolyte, and ionic conductivity are 80.63%, 259.43% and 2.79 mS/cm, respectively. Importantly, the separators exhibited excellent electrolyte wetting property (contact angle almost reaches to 0), and can be heated at 200 °C for 2 hours without significant change. The assembled half SIB shows superior rate capacity and cycling performance (capacity retention of 96.5% after 100 cycles at 1C). The proposed fabrication of separators will play a significant contribution to sustainable development of renewable energy storage systems.
Coupling of photocatalysis and biology is an emerging treatment method, which has a wide range of applications in the treatment of refractory wastewater. Based on its significant advantages and research value, this paper applies it to the treatment of terephthalic acid wastewater to explore its degradation mechanism. The experimental results show that after the system reaction, the removal rate of terephthalic acid is 91.1% at a concentration of 10 mg/L, of which the contribution rate of the photocatalytic reaction is 37.9%; scanning electron microscopy observation and energy spectrum scanning show that there are obvious nano-TiO2 particles loaded on the sponge; The free radical trapping experiment shows that the contribution of free radicals to terephthalic acid degradation is: ·OH > h+ > ·O− 2 ; According to the analysis of intermediate products detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), terephthalic acid was mainly removed by redox, substitution, esterification and ring-opening reactions under the active substances such as free radicals, oxygenases and decarboxylases during the removal process; the biological activity observed by a laser scanning confocal microscope (CLSM) found that the relative activities of the original activated sludge, after biological treatment of 2 h and 6 h were 96%, 49% and 89% respectively; The genus level of the microbial community, such as norank_f_Microscillaceae, Flavobacterium, Thauera, Zoogloea and Azoarcus adapted to changes in the environment and became the dominant specie
The physicochemical properties and structure of mutton myosin were investigated through the simulation of natural oxidation using a Fenton oxidation system. Various degrees of oxidation (0, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide solution) were employed to analyze the changes in myosin characteristics. The results pertaining to physicochemical properties revealed a decrease in myosin solubility and an increase in turbidity with escalating the degree of oxidation. Additionally, the water holding capacity of gels exhibited an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease. The primary structure analysis indicated that oxidation causes varying degrees of myosin degradation and cross-linked aggregation. The secondary structure examination suggested a decrease in the content of α -helices but an increase in the content of β -sheet. Furthermore, the tertiary structure assessment demonstrates that both carbonyl content and surface hydrophobicity of myosin solution were increased, while the total sulfhydryl and active sulfhydryl content are decreased. Meanwhile, the contents of hydrophobic interaction and disulfide bonds of protein gels firstly increased and then deceased. In conclusion, oxidative modification can significantly impact the physicochemical properties and structure of myosin. Moderate oxidation can enhance the structure of myosin gels and improve water holding capacity. These findings collectively signify that regulating the degree of oxidation can be a valuable strategy for controlling and enhancing the quality of meat products.
Solar-driven transformation of biomass and its derivatives has attracted tremendous attention in replacing fossil sources to generate chemicals. Developing high-performance photocatalysts for selective conversion of bio-platform molecules remains a great challenge. Herein, metal-doped photocatalyst was designed for the selective catalysis of biomass derivatives, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was efficiently and controllably converted to 2,5-dicarboxylic furan (DFF) or 5-formyl furantocarboxylic acid (FFCA). In the neutral solution, 64% HMF was converted within 12 h and mainly produced DFF with the selectivity of 74–82%. In 0.5 M Na2CO3 aqueous solution, 30% HMF was converted within 2 h and mainly produced FFCA with the selectivity of 69%. The characterization and photoelectrochemical measurement of photocatalyst showed that the modified material had higher carrier transmission efficiency and better visible light response. The mechanism analysis showed that the photogenerated h+ was the main active specie of the FeOOH/MP, and the introduction of FeOOH inhibited the formation of ˙OH in aqueous solution to realize the highly selective conversion process.
The natural fiber composites have attracted much interest among the researchers, due to their low cost, easy availability and enhancement in their properties. Many plants based natural fibers, including banana, sisal, hemp, jute, oil palm, Coirand kenaf , among others, have been studied extensively. Sansevieria cylindrica fiber (SCF) is one of the plant-based leaf fibers, which has not been explored to a greater extent. The main purpose of this study focused on utilizing SCF as a potential reinforcement to produce polyester matrix composites. Unsaturated polyester resin was used as matrix, because of its low cost and ease of use. In this work, free vibration studies were performed for pure SCF reinforced polyester composites. The SCF composites were fabricated with various fiber percentage weight (wt%) and different curing temperatures. The effects of both fiber wt% and curing temperatures on natural frequency and damping of SCF composites were studied. It was observed that both natural frequency and damping showed significant variations on different process conditions of polymer composites. Based on vibrations studies, the optimum fiber wt% was obtained at 40 and optimum curing temperature was observed as 60 °C. Furthermore, the effects of various chemical treatments on vibration behaviors of SCF composites was also investigated for the optimum fiber loading and curing temperature of 40 wt% and 60 °C, respectively. Ca(OH) 2 treated composite exhibited highest natural frequencies for all the three modes of vibration and silane treated counterpart showed highest damping values for the last two modes of vibration. Therefore, it was evident that chemical treatment significantly influenced the dynamic properties, including natural frequency and damping of SCF reinforced polyester composites. This study can guide the composites/manufacturing companies to design and manufacture composites for engineering system applications, especially where vibration response is inevitable.
The textile industry plays a major part in the economy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). However, the environmental impact of textile dyeing and wastewater discharge has become a growing concern in the region. This study addressed this issue by identifying and characterizing azo dye degrading enzymes that can be used in bioremediation strategies. Six enzymes, namely Thiol reductase, Thiol peroxidase, Alkene reductase, NADH-oxidoreductase, Oxidoreductase, and Sulfite reductase, were identified through a literature review and used as queries in BLASTp to search for homologous enzymes from Bacillus cereus, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus acidicola, and Paenibacillus alvei. The physicochemical characteristics and subcellular distribution of these enzymes were determined using online tools. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to investigate the evolutionary connection of these enzymes across different bacterial species. Additionally, gene structure and motif analysis were conducted to gain insights into functional motifs and gene organization of these enzymes. Domain prediction and protein–protein interaction analysis were carried out to identify conserved domains and potential protein interactions. The outcomes of this study offer valuable understandings on prospect of azo dye degrading enzymes for bioremediation strategies in the KSA textile industry, which is in agreement with the future Vision 2030 strategy. The identified enzymes and their homologs from other microbial genomes represent promising candidates for further experimental validation and utilization in bioremediation processes. Moreover, they contribute to the development of effective bioremediation strategies for the textile industry in the KSA region. Overall, this study enhances our understanding on azo dye degrading enzymes and their potential uses in the textile industry, particularly in the context of KSA.
This research focuses on significance of the world’s massive litter of Used Cigarette Filter fiber (UCF). It represents an effort to explore an innovative idea by using UCF as reinforcement phase in developing UCF-Polyvinyl Ester (PVE) sustainable composites production. The polymer composites are fabricated by adopting compression moulding process with constant percentage of UCF and varying various weight % (2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) of Eggshell Powder (ESP). The fabricated composites are categorized with different techniques such as FTIR, SEM/EDS, Tensile, flexural, impact and thermo gravimetric analysis to understand its mechanical and thermal stability. The attained results depict that UCF/PVE-filled ESP sustainable composites deliver enriched mechanical characters compared with its base matrix. Based on properties analysis, it can be detected that composites with addition of 6 wt.% filler show better tensile and flexural properties compared to other composites. This might be due the after effect of ESP particles that enhances the interfacial bonding between the UCF and PVE.
In the nitrogen and phosphorus removal of domestic sewage, anoxic-oxic (AO) and anaerobicanoxicoxic (AAO) processes are the most widely used processes, but the insufficient carbon source will affect their efficiency. In order to study the changes of nitrogen and phosphorus removal by AO and AAO processes under the changing carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio, we built a simulated sewage treatment experimental device to continuously treat real domestic sewage with different carbon source content. By measuring the index of pollutants, the removal rate of each pollutant and the total removal amount of pollutants in each reaction zone were calculated and compared. The results show that the nitrogen removal effect of AAO process is better than that of AO process at higher carbon to nitrogen ratio, and the other way is that AO process is better. The comparison of phosphorus removal effect under different carbon and nitrogen ratio is that AAO process is more dominant. The application conditions and stability of the two processes for nitrogen and phosphorus removal are different, which has certain guiding significance for the actual wastewater treatment.
Resveratrol exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potentially cardio-protective properties. However, the effectiveness of resveratrol in acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-induced cardiomyocyte injury remains unclear. Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2) is an important antioxidant enzyme in the mitochondria. However, few studies have reported the impact of SOD2 on AMI-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Therefore, we establish an in vitro model of cardiomyocyte ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to investigate the protective effects of resveratrol against OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury and its underlying regulatory mechanism. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining. The levels of Cleaved cas-3, Bcl2, and SOD2 an important antioxidant enzyme in the mitochondria that is responsible for eliminating superoxide radicals were analyzed by western blot. The ROS positive rate was using a ROS/Superoxide detection assay kit. The relative abundance of the SOD2 mRNA was determined using the 2−ΔΔCT method. We demonstrated that OGD/R treatment significantly reduced AC16 cell viability while increasing apoptosis levels, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factor levels. We further confirmed the upregulation of SOD2 by OGD/R treatment, suggesting its potential involvement in modulating OGD/R-induced AC16 cell injury. Additionally, silencing SOD2 ameliorated the detrimental effects of OGD/R on AC16 cells. Moreover, we observed that upregulation of SOD2 aggravated OGD/R-induced AC16 cell injury, and resveratrol effectively reduced OGD/R-induced AC16 cell injury by down-regulating SOD2. In conclusion, this research provides a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating I/R damage in AMI-induced cardiomyocytes, thereby identifying a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental disease characterized by depressed mood, anhedonia, and lack of energy. Modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) can effectively alleviate depression. However, it has been reported that MECT may cause cognitive impairments. Therefore, it is imperative to explore a new treatment approach with high efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms and ensuring safety. In this study, we investigate the clinical efficacy of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction (CGGD) combined with cognitive behavioral intervention in patients with MDD after MECT and elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of CGGD in treating MDD. A total of 90 patients with MDD who underwent MECT at our hospital from 2021.01 to 2023.01 were included and randomly divided into 2 groups: a regular group received cognitive behavioral intervention and a coalition group received cognitive behavioral intervention combined with CGGD. A comparative analysis was performed on the clinical efficacy, cognitive function, and depressive state between the two groups. We observed that the coalition group exhibited a significantly higher total effective rate (93.33%) compared to the regular group (73.3%). After the intervention, the HAMD scores in the coalition group were lower than those in the regular group. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that compared to the regular group, the coalition group showed higher numbers of total tests and correct responses and lower numbers of wrong responses and persistent errors. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the combined treatment can effectively enhance antidepressant effects and improve cognitive function in patients with MDD after MECT.
With approximately 2 million lung cancer patients and 1.8 million deaths per year, the world ranks among the highest incidence rates in the world. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for up to 85% of lung cancer patients and has a poor prognosis. To investigate the mechanism of Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction in the treatment of NSCLC. Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction, consisting of ten traditional Chinese medicines, was analyzed using the TCMSP database to identify its active ingredients and their corresponding targets. Simultaneously, NSCLC-related targets were obtained from GeneCards. The study aimed to predict Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction’s targets in treating NSCLC and establish a network diagram illustrating the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine, active ingredients, targets, and the disease. The STRING platform was used to construct a PPI network, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis were performed on the intersecting targets. Based on the interaction network analysis, the core target proteins, represented by the TOP5 nodes with the highest degrees, were selected. These core targets were then subjected to molecular docking with the top five key active components of Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction to construct the docking model. We identified 132 active components in Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction and picked the TOP 5 proteins from the PPI network as the primary active elements in Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction for NSCLC treatment, including kaempferol, quercetin, ingenin, luteolin, and osterol, involving a total of 209 targets. The top five core targets obtained by PPI network were AKT1, TP53, STAT3, TNF and IL6. A total of 7879 targets related to NSCLC were retrieved, and 164 drug-disease intersection targets were identified. GO functional analysis results showed that 164 gene sets were involved in 377 biological processes, mainly involved in 79 processes related to cell composition and 46 molecular function expression processes. KEGG enrichment results showed 132 significantly enriched signaling pathways. Molecular docking findings indicated favorable binding interactions between the receptor and ligand, suggesting a strong affinity between the key NSCLC treatment protein and the primary active ingredient in Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction. The potential mechanism of Fuzheng Xiaoji Decoction in NSCLC treatment may involve flavonoids, triterpenoids and other compounds regulate lung cancer-related signaling pathways by acting on AKT1, TP53, STAT3 and other proteins to affect the expression of P53, IL6 and other cytokines. This may help regulate immune function and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.
This study investigated whether grafting cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) onto pumpkin ( Cucurbita moschata Duch.) rootstocks can induce phenotypic variations in the self-bred cucumber progeny. The phenotypic traits of the self-pollinated progeny of grafted ‘Zhenghuang 1409’ cucumber were significantly different from those of the naturally rooted ‘Zhenghuang 1409’ parent line. Compared with the ‘Zhenghuang 1409’ cucumber inbred line, the first self-pollinated and naturally rooted generation of grafted cucumber displayed reduced length and width of the leaf at the node of the second female flower, a tapered petiole and stem, increased internode length, shorter plants, decreased fruit diameter, longer fruit stalk, thicker pulp, decreased seed length and width, and a lower 100-grain weight. Similar changes in most of these phenotypic traits were observed in the second generation of self-pollinated plants from grafted cucumber. By observing plant phenotypic traits, two leaf phenotypic variations were observed in the first generation of selfed grafted cucumber, and these two phenotypes were inherited in the second selfed generation.
Wetland microbial communities play a vital role in ecosystem functioning, particularly in the intricate processes of carbon cycling. This study employed metagenomic sequencing to investigate the diversity, composition, structural differences, carbon cycling functional gene, and microbial species of soil microbial communities in five distinct soil types of the Yalu River estuary wetland, including shoal soil, bog soil, paddy soil, meadow soil, and brown forest soil. We further explored the influence of environmental factors on both the microbial community structure and carbon cycling functional genes. Our results revealed a bacterial-dominated soil microbial community, constituting about 97.6%. Archaea and fungi represented relatively minor fractions, at 1.9% and 0.4%, respectively. While no significant differences were observed in Chao1 indices between bacterial and fungal communities, the Shannon index revealed notable differences. Both Chao1 and Shannon indices exhibited significant variations within the archaeal communities. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Nitrospirae. Thaumarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, and Euryarchaeota formed the major archaeal phyla, while Ascomycota, Mucoromycota, and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungal phyla. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis based on Bray-Curtis distance revealed notable differences in the bacterial, archaeal, and fungal community structures across the samples. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified key environmental factors for the major phyla. Soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), electrical conductivity (EC), and total phosphorus (TP) were the main influencing factors for bacteria, while soil TP, EC, total sulfur (TS), and SOC were the primary drivers for archaeal phyla. Soil total nitrogen (TN) and EC were the main influencing factors for fungal phyla. Analysis of key carbon cycling pathway genes utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database and clustering heatmap revealed some variations in functional gene composition across different soil types. Mantel test indicated that pH, TN, and SOC were the primary environmental factors influencing microbial functional genes associated with soil carbon cycling. Stratified bar chart analysis further demonstrated that the major contributors to carbon cycling originated from corresponding dominatnt phyla and genera of Proteobacteria, Thaumarchaeota, Actinomycetota, Euryarchaeota, and Bacteroidota. The species and relative abundance of microorganisms associated with carbon cycling pathways varied among the samples. These findings provide a crucial reference for informing the conservation and sustainable management of wetland ecosystems in the Yalu River estuary.
Stripe rust of wheat serious biotic stress to wheat aiming in the reduction of yield losses with biotrophic nature of the pathogen attacks mainly the foliage parts and makes it render for photosynthetic ability of the host. Host manipulation with genetic advancement one of the major steps in the breeding programme. The durability of the cultivar can be achieved with stacking of minor gene and their combinations with major R-gene The postulated gene identified diversified resistance patterns with various combination of APR and ASR gene under field conditions and the frequencies of the postulated genes as Yr16 (22.9%), Yr18 (59.0%), Yr29 (44.2%), Yr9 (47.5) and Yr2 (73.7%) respectively, Yr16 postulated germplasm shows strong field resistance at adult plant stage with disease response of R to RMR for Pst Pathotypes such as 78S84, 46S119, 110S119 and 238S119.
As a staple food resource, potato is of great significance for improving grain reserves and ensuring national food security. In order to improve potato yield and promote the process of potato becoming a staple food, a K-means algorithm optimized by particle swarm algorithm was proposed to realize the screening of dry potato germplasm resources. First, the research continues the research on particle swarm optimization, and innovatively applies K-means algorithm to optimization. The research utilizes the advantages of particle swarm optimization, such as fast convergence speed, strong search ability, and simple operation, to enable particle swarm optimization to take on the role of optimizing the initial clustering center, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of clustering analysis. On this basis, a PSO-K-means drought resistant potato germplasm resource screening model was constructed. This model consists of a data collection and preprocessing module, an impact indicator determination module, and a comprehensive evaluation module. Finally, the application effect of the model was verified. The results show that the AUC value of the model is up to 0.840, and the screening accuracy is as high as 94.5%, which is 13.5% higher than that of the K-means model. The research method has been validated to improve the limitations of K-means mode, such as high screening error, weak stability, and falling into local optimal solutions. It optimizes the screening effect of drought resistant potato germplasm resources, which is conducive to exploring the potential of potato resources. In addition, research has also provided broader ideas for the optimization and application of particle swarm optimization algorithms.
The complexity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) components and the time-consuming of traditional detection methods make it necessary and meaningful to establish rapid and efficient identification techniques. This study explores the potential of Raman spectroscopy, a non-destructive technique offering details of molecular structure, for rapid and accurate identification. Cortex Cercis chinensis (CCC) decoction pieces from diverse geographical origins, Anhui, Sichuan, Zhejiang, and Hubei, were collected and analyzed using Raman spectroscopy at 785 nm, and the Raman characteristic peaks were analyzed. MATLAB software was employed to analyze the similarity between the spectra of CCC decoction pieces, and the original Raman spectral data were transformed into first and second derivative spectra. The results revealed distinct Raman spectral characteristics of carbohydrates and glycosidic bonds (characteristic peaks at 480, 531, 549, 873, 946 and 1086 cm−1). The correlation coefficients of the all the four samples from different origins ranged from 0.9625 to 0.9912, while the coincidence coefficients ranged from 0.9602 to 0.9934. The first and second derivative demonstrated significantly different peaks within specific ranges, 180–200, 280–380, and 680–740 cm−1 for first derivatives, 160–300, 340–400 and 420–480 cm−1 for second derivatives. These obvious differences in first and second derivative spectra of Raman spectra of CCC decoction pieces demonstrated the different growth origins. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the ability of Raman spectroscopy to accurately differentiate CCC decoction pieces from different geographical growth origin. These findings provided a basis for further application of Raman spectra characteristic fingerprints to be used in quality control for rapid identification of the quality and origin of TCM raw materials.
Sesame seed oil (SSO) has long been used in many complementary and alternative medicine systems to treat a variety of maladies and ailments. SSO was obtained by cold pressing Sesamum indicum L. (sesame) seeds. Sesamum indicum L. (sesame) oil’s chemical constituents identified with GC-MS. Using the DDPH and MTT assays, respectively, the antioxidant and anticancer activities were investigated. phytosterols, ( β -sitosterol, Campesterol, and Stigmasterol), lignans such as sesamin, fatty acids such as Oleic Acid, Esters of fatty acid, such as Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, Linoleic acid ethyl ester, flavonoids such as 3′,4′,7Trimethylquercetin, 6,8-di-c-a-glucosylluteolin, the carboxylic ester glycidyl oleate, alcoholic compounds, 1-heptatriacotanol, were the active chemical compounds detected in Sesamum indicum L. (sesame) oil. SSO has a high tocopherol profile. SSO showed antioxidant properties with DDPH radical scavenging of 63.1% relative to standard beta hydroxyl butyrate (BHT). The anticancer effects of SSO against Ovarian carcinoma (A-2780) cell line with IC 50 = 1.68 ± 0.3 μ g/mL. Sesamum indicum L. (sesame) oil’s chemical constituents identified with GC-MS showed antioxidant and anticancer properties.
The accurate measurement of the biomass lower-calorific-value-based blending ratio (BLBR) is the premise and key to scale development of the power generation technology from co-firing of biomass and coal. However, existing determination methods of BLBR are less accurate, which has impeded the scale utilization of the co-firing technology of biomass and coal. To accurately determine the BLBR, this research proposed a flue gas sampling system suitable for determining BLBR through 14C quantitative analysis and established a medium-scale experimental platform for BLBR determination. In addition, predictive models for the lower calorific values of coal and biomass fuels were built and the BLBR calculation model for co-firing power plants was deduced. Furthermore, experimental verification of the BLBR determination was also conducted. The results show that the lower calorific values of coal and biomass fuels are highly linearly positively correlated with the carbon content. The relative errors of the established prediction models for lower calorific values of biomass and coal are separately lower than 5% and 8%. The results indicate that the proposed BLBR determination method is accurate.
Nowadays, phyto-medicine is considered the best form of modern, scientific herbal medicine, relying on scientific research and the highest professional standards to find effective remedies for diseases including diabetes, since this disease is principally linked to impaired insulin function. The work aimed to evaluate inhibitory capacity of Moringa oleifera LAM (MEMO) (Moringaceae). Methanol extract of this plant was prepared and was delivered to rats and revealed a remarkable decrease in glycaemia state (vs. Glibenclamide, 5 mg/kg). Noting that the biochemical parameters were also evaluated. In addition, the plant extract also inhibited enzymes activities comparing to acarbose (standard). This plant possesses antidiabetic properties. The results showed that the activity of this plant represents a potential candidate to develop new drugs to prevent/treat diabetes and this type of pharmacological research is likely to lead to the industrial pharmaceutical development of new active bio-compounds in countries where tradition remains strong.
