Research background The increasing variety of electric vehicles affects users' electric vehicle purchasing pReferences.Purpose The aim of this study is to determine the importance levels of the factors that affect consumer decisions in purchasing electric vehicles whose prices are above a certain lower limit and to rank the vehicles with the highest score.Research methodology TOPSIS Method, one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods, was used in the study. In the study, six different selection criteria were determined: Range (km), Charging time (min), Price (euro), Acceleration (0-100 km/h acceleration), Torque (Nm), and Power (hp). These data were obtained from the information shared by the brands on their websites, using secondary data sources. User selection was achieved by determining a lower level in the price criterion in brand and model elimination. In the implementation of the study, vehicles with a lower price limit of over 5 million lira were taken into consideration. Four different brands that meet these criteria and are currently on sale in the T & uuml;rkiye market have been identified. The models evaluated among these brands are the Mercedes EQS, Porsche Taycan, BMW iX, BMW i7, and Audi E-Tron.Results In the selection made using the TOPSIS Method, the Mercedes EQS is in the first place in the automobile ranking, BMW iX is in the second place, BMW i7 is in the third place, Audi E-Tron is in the fourth place and Porsche Taycan is in the last place.Novelty The difference of this study from other studies is that luxury electric vehicles are included in the sample for the first time. In addition, charging times, torque and acceleration values have only been included in studies recently. Because in previous studies, criteria such as price, range and power were studied with different models and different classes of vehicles.
Purpose This study explores how the interplay between financial sector development (FSD) and governance quality (GOVE) influences the adoption of modern renewable energy (MREN) in 11 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries (1999-2023). It also tests the modern renewable energy-environmental Kuznets curve (MRENEKC) hypothesis, assessing the contribution of inclusive growth, urbanization, and trade openness in shaping the regions renewable energy transitions.Research methodology Employing a pooled mean group autoregressive distributed lag model, this study captures both short- and long-term dynamics, while accounting for cross-sectional dependence and regional heterogeneity. By focusing on the interactive roles of FSD and GOVE, the study contributes to the literature on sustainable energy development in emerging economies.Results The results confirm the validity of the MRENEKC hypothesis, revealing a U-shaped relationship between income and MREN adoption. FSD and GOVE, significantly drive MREN adoption, though effects vary regionally. East/Southern Africa leveraged FSD effectively for geothermal and wind projects (Kenya, Tanzania), whereas West/Central Africa's lax governance structure diminishes FSD's influence. These results reveal the need for regionally tailored institutional and policy reforms that integrate financial infrastructure with institutional quality to accelerate renewable energy transitions.Novelty This study uniquely applies the Modern Renewable Energy-Environmental Kuznets Curve (MRENEKC) framework within the SSA context to offer a comprehensive analysis that links FSD and GOVE to MREN adoption. It fills a critical gap by assessing this underexplored dynamic, and provides actionable insights for policy targeting green growth, energy access, and institutional reform in SSA.
Research background Debt behaviour is an aspect of financial behaviour that reflects a person’s behaviour regarding borrowing money. In order to understand the factors that influence debt behaviour among students in Indonesia and Malaysia, it is crucial to conduct research on this matter. While the majority of the people in these two countries are Malay, it is possible that there are differences in their debt patterns. Purpose This study aims to empirically clarify the influence of parental subjective norms, parental financial teaching, peer influence, and debt literacy on debt behaviour among undergraduate students in Indonesia and Malaysia. Research methodology This study’s sample included 160 Indonesian and 160 Malaysian students. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling, the factors affecting debt behaviour were identified. Results The factors significantly influencing debt behaviour at the 5% alpha level in Indonesia include parental subjective norms, parental financial teaching, and debt literacy, whereas those in Malaysia include parental subjective norms, peer influence, and debt literacy. A consistent finding across both countries is the impact of parental subjective norms and debt literacy, suggesting that parents as role models and knowledge and skills related to debt management are crucial for enhancing students’ borrowing behaviour. Novelty There is a lack of research on the impact of debt literacy on debt behaviour, and no previous comparisons have been undertaken between Indonesia and Malaysia. A novel discovery in this study is that although Indonesia and Malaysia are cognate countries, the impact of parents and peers on shaping financial behaviour varies slightly.
Research background While there is existing research on the importance of employees’ social competencies, there is a need for further investigation into their specific impact on long-term employability and career advancement, especially in the context of different industries or cultural settings. Purpose To evaluate and analyze the factors that contribute to career advancement in Croatia, with a specific focus on distinguishing between social competencies and professional competencies. Research methodology A quantitative, cross-sectional, research approach was adopted, using a self-administrated questionnaire. The sample consisted of 113 HR or top management employees from all sectors. T-test, ANOVA and Cronbach’s alpha were utilized. Results The results indicate that professional competencies are significantly more important for career advancement, but not for achieving long-term employability. Teamwork and Professional knowledge are equally important across all economic sectors. The results suggest that the opinions of top management and HR do not differ significantly regarding the assessment of the importance of individual competencies. Novelty It lies in its comparative analysis of social versus professional competencies specifically within the Croatian labor market, offering insights that are tailored to Croatia’s unique cultural and economic context. It provides original data and findings on how these competencies influence career advancement across different sectors, addressing a gap in existing research focused on Croatia.
Research background Globalization has provided both turmoil and opportunities for most developing countries, as well as Turkiye and Poland. It brings about structural transformation in both countries.Purpose This paper investigates the effect of economic globalization on industrialization in Turkiye and Poland through annual data covering 1995-2022.Research methodology The paper performs fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), canonical cointegrating regression (CCR) estimators, and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test.Results The empirical results indicate that foreign direct investment (FDI) inward negatively affects manufacturing value-added (MVA), whereas the labour force positively affects it in Turkiye. However, trade openness has an insignificantly positive influence on MVA. Furthermore, FDI, trade openness, and the labour force significantly and positively affect MVA in Poland. Besides, the Toda-Yamamoto causality test results vary for Turkiye and Poland.Novelty The work's originality is examining and comparing the role of trade openness and FDI separately on MVA for Turkiye and Poland. Moreover, this study performs three estimators (FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR) to obtain robust results and investigate the causality relationship among variables for both countries.
Research background The 21st century has seen major shifts, particularly international conflicts impacting national economies. Russia's aggression against Ukraine, from Crimea's annexation in 2014 to a full-scale war in 2022, has reshaped security-economic dynamics. Hybrid wars require rethinking classical models of military spending and growth. Building on prior research (Berezka, Kovalchuk, 2023; Kovalchuk et al., 2023, 2024a, 2024b, 2024c), this paper stresses the need for dynamic analytical tools to guide post-war recovery strategies.Purpose This study aims to identify the causal impact of military expenditure on GDP, general government spending, and civilian expenditures in Israel, Ukraine, and Russia during 2014-2024 under conflict, sanctions, and instability.Research methodology A two-stage econometric approach was applied using time series data. ADF tests assessed variable integration; Johansen cointegration tested long-run relationships among military, civilian, and total government expenditures and GDP.Results We analyzed the links between military, civilian, and total government spending and economic growth in Israel, Ukraine, and Russia (2014-2024), revealing patterns that can guide postwar recovery and resource allocation in conflict-affected countries.Novelty The study shows that defensive operations, active defense, and military aggression generate distinct fiscal multipliers and spending-growth patterns, providing new insights for postwar policy planning.
Research background Earnings is essential information for investors. Therefore, the quality of earnings influences optimal investment decisions. Poor earnings quality leads to wrong investment decisions and increases the risk of stock crashes, which are detrimental to shareholder prosperity. The Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), as a stock exchange in a developing country, faces issues with the quality of its reported earnings. This research seeks to provide empirical evidence regarding earnings quality and stock crash risk.Purpose This study aims to empirically examine the impact of earnings quality, which is proxied by earnings management and transparency, on stock price crash risk in Indonesia.Research methodology This study investigates all firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2021 using a multivariate regression analysis.Results The results provide evidence that firms with higher earnings management are positively associated with higher stock crash risk. However, this study reveals interesting findings about the impact of earning transparency on stock crash risk in this time frame. Earnings transparency has a significantly positive impact on stock crash risk instead of a negative one. This study focuses on the 2019-2021 period, which coincides with the COVID-19 pandemic, so caution should be exercised when generalizing the findings to non-pandemic conditions.Novelty The results imply additional, potentially interesting extensions. In emerging countries, many external factors beyond the firm's control affect stock crash risks, and these conditions strongly prove the existence of an inefficient stock market in Indonesia.
Research background Entrepreneurs operate in a turbulent market environment, which affects their business decisions, including those regarding engaging freelancers. Some factors from the environment may affect the profitability of this form of cooperation. Purpose The aim of this work is to indicate from a company’s environment the influence and willingness to cooperate with freelancers and full-time employees. This may be particularly useful for business owners, HR managers (in the context of planning employment policy) and researchers dealing with the labor market and human resources management. Research methodology As a part of the research, data regarding the tendency of entrepreneurs to cooperate with freelancers and full-time workers was obtained, including selected factors from the business environment. The survey was created using MS Forms and was conducted from April 14, 2024 to May 25, 2024 on a sample of 165 entrepreneurs and managers. Results The research results are that, generally, tax level etc. continue to favor freelancers, which is why businesses are currently more likely to choose to work with them than with full-time employees. However, this advantage is expected to gradually diminish in the future due to legal changes involving the taxation of civil law contracts and rising employment costs. Companies will therefore have to make decisions not only based on current needs but also in the context of new regulations, which will translate into a decreased willingness to engage freelancers, while there will be no significant changes in the case of full-time employees. Novelty The novelty of the results obtained is that the study goes beyond just entrepreneurs’ satisfaction with freelancers’ work, also taking into account legal and external factors. Unlike, for example, Ernst & Young’s GIGbarometer, which focuses solely on freelancers, this study compares how environmental conditions affect the willingness of both freelancers and salaried employees to collaborate.
Research background Influencers create a powerful influence and attract a wide audience through their presence on social media. The impact of influencer marketing on the behavior of Generation Z consumers is extremely effective. Generation Z stands out for its digital skills and enormous engagement on social media. Purpose The aim of this paper is to research how influencer marketing affects the attitudes, opinions and behavior of Generation Z in the context of consumption. Research methodology The main research tool was a questionnaire consisting of closed multiple-choice questions. Empirical research was conducted on a sample of 252 respondents. Descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate statistical analysis (multiple regression method) were used in the primary data analysis to determine the direction and strength of the correlation between the observed variables and to confirm differences in behavior. Results The results indicate an extremely strong connection between influencers, social networks and the purchase decisions of Generation Z but influencers do not have the same influence on consumers of all generations. Novelty This paper contributes to the understanding of the correlation between influencers and the consumers of generation Z and indicate the factors that are crucial for the successful influencer marketing in the modern business environment.
Research background There is no research found till date that investigated the behavioural biases (“disposition effect, herding behaviour and blue-chip stocks”) and “risk perception on investment decision making” in the Indian stock market (National Stock Exchange) by applying Structured Equation Modelling. Purpose The present study examines the connections between behavioural biases, investment decision making, and individual perspectives on risk (risk perception) in the Indian stock market. There are two exchanges in India but the National Stock Exchange (NSE) is used for the study. Research methodology In the study, the target population are the investors of the National Stock Exchange in India. The sample size of the study is 380 for the final analysis. Structured Equation Modelling (SEM) is applied to construct the model and provide standard estimates for the study by using AMOS software version 23. Results The findings show that risk perception partially mediates the relationship between blue-chip stock preference and investment decisions, indicating that blue-chip investments may lower perceived risk and influence investor behaviour accordingly. Herding behaviour, the disposition effect, and investment decision making are all unrelated to risk perception. Novelty To begin with, the given study develops a mediating framework, elucidating the risk perception as a confounder between behavioural biases (overconfidence and herding) and investment decision-making which has been insufficiently explored in Indian empirical contexts. The available literature in the most part looks at these variables as secluded entities or as point predictors, not considering the inherent mentalizing frameworks that inform decisions. Secondly, the study draws on a unique and diverse sample of individual retail investors across multiple Indian cities, incorporating both Tier I and Tier II urban centres. This geographical diversity adds robustness and generalizability to the findings, which is often missing in studies limited to metro-focused or demographically narrow samples. Thirdly, the study presents a fine methodological design, where the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was utilized to ascertain the direct and indirect effects in a single continuum, thus providing a more subtilised picture of the relationships between behavioural constructs.
Research background Sustainability accounting is gaining recognition in the MENA region for assessing impacts amidst challenges like water scarcity and oil dependence. Despite lacking regulations, initiatives such as the Saudi 2030 Vision and the Qatar 2030 Vision emphasize the need for governance reform and improved sustainability reporting. Purpose Our study addresses the lack of comprehensive literature reviews in sustainability accounting in the MENA region by analyzing existing research. It provides insights into current studies, identifies key themes and trends, and highlights areas for further exploration. Covering data from over 18 years, the findings offer an overview of the developmental stages and prospects of sustainability reporting for researchers and stakeholders in both industry and academia. Research methodology Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study utilizes a bibliometric analysis, qualitative assessment, and content analysis to explore the field of sustainability accounting within the MENA region. Over a thousand related papers are quantitatively analyzed, with validation from reputable source Scopus. Results Our research reveals a remarkable surge in sustainability accounting research in the MENA region, connected to diverse theories and themes, showcasing immense future potential. A key feature of this research is the frequent collaboration between local and international researchers, which significantly aids in spreading knowledge and advancing sustainability accounting research. Novelty This study examines the role of sustainability accounting in various research areas within the MENA region. It also outlines practical approaches to utilizing sustainability reporting, contributing to advancements in research and development. As of the date this paper was written, and to the extent of our knowledge, there were no existing research papers specifically focused on the MENA region within this scope.
Research background This study investigates the function of public-private partnerships in fostering a healthy environment in Lagos State, Nigeria. It examines the function of waste management agencies and the waste management structures, including landfills, in alleviating illegal waste disposal and health-related concerns. Therefore, emphasising a strategy for attaining Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), including SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), and SDG 15 (Life on Land) by policy reorientation. Purpose The objective of this study is to emphasise waste management, since it is crucial for attaining specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that relate to public health. Research methodology This study utilises a cross-sectional survey design employing a quantitative methodology. Purposive sampling was employed to determine the study area, and 400 residents residing near the Olusosun landfill in Ojota were selected. Standardised questionnaires were used to gather data and distributed using random sampling. Out of 400 questionnaires distributed, 318 were correctly filled out and returned. The collected data were analysed using SPSS, with results presented and interpreted through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The findings demonstrate a positive and statistically significant effect of landfills on health issues. More so, imply that residents in the Ojota district of Lagos State associate health-related ailments with garbage exposure. Also, a positive and statistically significant effect of waste management agency on illegal dumping was identified. This indicates that residents perceive the deficiencies of the waste management agencies as leading to illegal dumping. Novelty This research alters the scarcity of literature on studies that integrate the variables proposed in this study.
Research background Sustainable development encompasses both environmental and social issues. Due to the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it will also be necessary to reduce the production and consumption of the most carbon-intensive products, which include meat.Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes of students attending Pozna & nacute; universities towards limiting meat consumption.Research methodology A survey was conducted in the form of an online questionnaire. A total of 873 respondents took part in the survey, including 575 (65.9%) women, 287 (32.9%) men and 11 (1.2%) others/did not wish to specify. Due to the overrepresentation of respondents from one of the universities, the results refer to the surveyed group and are not representative of students of Pozna & nacute;. Correspondence Analysis (CA) was incorporated to enhance drawing conclusions from the obtained results and to visualize the relation between categorical variables.Results The survey showed that surveyed students limit their meat consumption to a greater extent (56.8%) than the national average (39%). Based on the correspondence analysis it was concluded that the size of the town of origin was not crucial in this respect. On the other hand, when CA was conducted on University affiliation it revealed two strong relations-University of Art's students tend to abstain from meat consumption while those studying at Technical University declare high meat consumption more frequently than the study population. Large gender differences could also be observed - among women, as many as 66.4% of respondents limited their meat consumption, while among men it was only 31.9%. The most important reasons for limiting meat consumption were concern for the environment (52.7%) and the desire to reduce animal suffering (49.0%).Novelty Main novelty of the study encompasses surveying respondents on issues relating to both human health, the state of the environment and ethics, as well as taking into account their interests and predispositions, represented by their university choice.
Research background During the period of martial law in Ukraine, there was a decrease in both the demand for the labor force and its supply. Negative processes in the labor market create difficulties with the recovery of the economy of Ukraine. Purpose The purpose of the article is to present the results of research of the processes taking place in the labor market in Ukraine and to determine the prospects for solving the problems in this market in the post-war period. Research methodology The research used data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine as well as from non-governmental organizations. The research methodology is based on the general dialectic approach and includes the methods: induction, deduction, statistical analysis methods, and graphical. Results The peculiarities of the formation of labor demand and labor supply in Ukraine have been revealed. The difficulties of martial law exacerbated the existing problems, connected with negative trends in the labor market in Ukraine, which existed in the pre-war period. The role of migration and of the wage level in shaping the labor market in Ukraine was noted. Measures to ensure the effective functioning of the labor market are outlined. Novelty A differentiated assessment of changes in individual parameters of the labor market in Ukraine was carried out. The earlier conclusions of other researchers regarding the long-term impact of migration processes on the labor market in Ukraine, in particular regarding the use of immigrant labor in the post-war period, have been clarified.
Research background The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-2022 led to economic crises worldwide. Despite the financial risk, financial problems in each institution, banks still have a special task from governments to ease the crises. The risk is higher on countries that use a dual banking system.Purpose This research is intended to test the effect of Corporate Governance (CG) and Corporate Risk Management (CRM) on Banks' Performance during the pandemic in emerging country's that used a dual banking system during the COVID-19 pandemic.Research methodology This quantitative analysis uses archival data. Samples were taken from banks listed on the Indonesian and the Malaysian Stock Exchange during 2020-2022. Data was then analysed using Partial Least Square regression.Results The Indonesia data analysis results show that CRM mediates the relationship between CG effect on Performance. The Malaysia data analysis can conclude that CG affects firms' performance. CG also affects CRM. Hence, CRM do not act as a mediating variable between CG and Performance. This result shows that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted Indonesia's and Malaysia's banking CG, CRM and industry performance. This is consistent with Compliance Theory.Novelty This research compares CG and CRM to the monetary conditions within dual banking systems in Indonesia and Malaysia due to the differences in monetary policy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Research background In modern warehouses, there is a strong emphasis on ensuring fast and efficient order-picking. Speed is a critical factor, as customers increasingly demand quick delivery times, especially in the e-commerce sector. Warehouse management optimizes the storage of items and picking routes to minimize delays and maximize productivity, ensuring orders are processed and shipped as quickly as possible. Additional benefits in this field can be achieved by the scattered storage of items. In this paper, we propose a new optimization model that minimizes the weighted sum of shortest distances between picking aisles intended for the storage of correlated items. We assume a decentralized pick-up/drop-off and a random storage of items in the assigned picking aisle. Unlike existing proposals based on exact location assignment, the presented MILP model does not need the distance matrix between storage locations (or picking aisles). Purpose Optimal storage location assignment for warehouses with scattered storage. Research methodology We use mixed integer linear programming (MILP) models (for optimal storage location assignment) and simulations (for verification of the obtained results). Results The adopted simplifications reduce the size of the model by over 99% and allow feasible solutions to be found. We show that for the obtained feasible solutions there is a significant reduction in average order picking times. Additionally, we discuss methods of determining the correlation coefficients between the items. Novelty Original storage location assignment concept and optimization model.
Research background Indonesia continues to encounter significant challenges in eradicating fraud, particularly in the context of financial statement fraud. This study contributes to the literature by introducing a novel perspective on the determinants of fraudulent activities, focusing on biological and psychological factors. Purpose This paper examines the influence of CEOs’ masculinity and religiosity on the likelihood of financial statement fraud. Research methodology The study population consists of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2018 and 2022. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 17.0, and hypothesis testing employed the marginal effects of Logit regression. Results The findings reveal that CEOs with pronounced masculine behavior are more likely to engage in accounting fraud. However, religiosity appears to attenuate this likelihood. Novelty This study advances the field of accounting fraud and behavioral accounting research, by addressing gaps related to the biological and psychological characteristics associated with fraudulent financial reporting. Furthermore, the findings provide practical implications for both companies and investors, emphasizing the importance of considering individual behavior as well as religiosity when appointing CEOs or making investment decisions.
Research background Two main theoretical patterns of exports diversification have evolved in development economics: the intensive- and extensive-export margins. Myriads of studies have assessed the relative merits of both patterns of diversification in promoting economic growth. Empirical literature, however, has thus far produced mixed and inconclusive results.Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of complementarity between the aforementioned patterns of exports diversification on economic growth in Nigeria.Research methodology The study utilized the dynamic linear autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing procedure for the time-series analysis covering the period 1960-2022.Results Empirical results revealed that both patterns of diversification significantly reinforce each other and jointly exert a strong positive effect on growth. These findings have numerous insightful and far-reaching policy implications. First, to maximize the growth-enhancing effect of export diversification patterns, both margins should not be considered in isolation. Second, apt simultaneous policies are needed to strengthen/enhance their effects on growth.Novelty To date, there has been almost no attention paid in the literature to the complementarity impact of both patterns of diversification in advancing growth (as existing studies largely focus on individual impacts of extensive and intensive margins on growth). This study accordingly fills this research gap.
Research background Every business activity involves the business environment. The faster rate of technology development has an impact on innovation management roles within the company as well as innovation approach methods. For these reasons, it is necessary to analyze innovation management in individual countries because it includes decisions made and actions done in relation to creating and implementing an innovation strategy. Every business operates in a certain atmosphere that is dynamic and has a constant impact on the business. Therefore, it is important to analyze and predict the development of the business environment. Purpose The aim of this paper is to specify and identify the development of scientific articles dealing with innovation management and processes that are closely related to the topic of innovation. Research methodology Within this study, through quantitative-mathematical bibliometric analysis, the prevalence of innovation and innovation management in scientific articles is analyzed. Results The results of the research point to the fact that dealing with innovation management and innovation processes in the corporate environment has its importance not only in the present, but also in the past because authors’ pointed out in their scientific studies the need for continuous progress, namely in a linear course with the development of science. Novelty The examination of innovations is frequently a complex phenomenon that needs to be investigated within the particulars of a given country, which is one of the study’s limits. The amount of money spent overall on research and development (R&D) and the level of support for innovation vary per nation. The added value of the study consists in a comprehensive analysis of scientific articles dealing with the topic of innovations, their development and importance in business processes.
Research background This study explores the impact of inflation targeting on external debt in low-income countries, filling a gap in understanding its effects on debt management in these countries. Purpose Our research aims to determine whether the adoption of inflation targeting can lead to a reduction in external debt for low-income countries, using a robust methodology that accounts for selection bias. Research methodology We use propensity score matching (PSM) to analyse data from 37 low-income countries between 1990 and 2020. Of these countries, 19 have adopted inflation targeting, while 18 have not, enabling a balanced comparison of the two groups. Results Our results indicate that inflation targeting leads to a significant reduction in external debt of 14.561% on average. This substantial reduction is attributed to enhanced monetary credibility and a reduced risk of default on public debt. Novelty This study enriches the literature by providing robust empirical evidence on the beneficial effects of inflation targeting in low-income countries. The study highlights its potential as a debt management tool and emphasises the importance of adapting economic policies to the specific context of each country.
