RESUMO Objetivo: analisar os registros termográficos do músculo orbicular dos lábios em lactentes com Trissomia do 21 antes e após a estimulação motora oral. Métodos: estudo observacional, descritivo, qualiquantitativo, do tipo série de casos, realizado com seis lactentes com T21, entre 12 e 24 meses, atendidos em clínica-escola. Todos participaram de uma única sessão de aproximadamente 40 minutos, composta por avaliação, intervenção e reavaliação. Foram obtidos registros termográficos antes e após um programa de estimulação sensório-motora oral, além da aplicação do protocolo AMIOFE-E Lactentes. A análise incluiu estatística descritiva e teste de Wilcoxon, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: participaram três lactentes do sexo masculino e três do feminino; cinco apresentaram postura de lábios entreabertos severa. Houve variação térmica após a intervenção. As análises exploratórias também mostraram diferenças no comportamento térmico segundo uso de chupeta, sucção digital, postura labial e alimentação até o sexto mês. Conclusão: a estimulação motora oral promoveu variação nos registros termográficos do orbicular dos lábios em lactentes com T21.
ABSTRACT Purpose: to characterize the epidemiological profile and care trajectory of children with confirmed hearing loss or undergoing audiological monitoring who received care within the public health network of Maceió, AL, Brazil, between 2012 and 2024. Methods: an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, document-based study conducted at the five Specialized Rehabilitation Centers in the municipality. A total of 3,495 medical records of children aged 0 to 12 years were analyzed, including cases with confirmed hearing loss and cases undergoing audiological monitoring. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used (p < 0.05). Results: neonatal hearing screening coverage was 80.9%. The median age at diagnosis was 1.0 year (IQR: 0.3-3.0), and the median age at intervention onset was also 1.0 year (IQR: 0.5-3.0). Only 34.6% of children initiated intervention by six months of age. Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss predominated, and risk indicators for hearing loss were identified in 42.0% of the sample. Conclusion: despite the high coverage of neonatal hearing screening, delays in diagnostic confirmation and auditory intervention persist, highlighting weaknesses in the pediatric hearing care pathway within the analyzed public health network.
ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze thermographic recordings of the orbicularis oris muscle in babies with trisomy 21 before and after oral-motor stimulation. Methods: an observational, descriptive, mixed-methods case series study with six babies with T21 (aged 12 to 24 months) treated at a teaching clinic. All participants underwent a single session lasting approximately 40 minutes, comprising assessment, intervention, and reassessment. Thermographic recordings were obtained before and after an oral sensorimotor stimulation program, alongside the application of the OMES-E Infants protocol. Analysis included descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test, with a 5% significance level. Results: three male and three female babies participated; five exhibited a severely parted lip posture. Thermal variation was observed following the intervention. Exploratory analyses also revealed differences in thermal behavior based on pacifier use, thumb sucking, lip posture, and feeding practices up to 6 months old. Conclusion: oral-motor stimulation induced changes in the thermographic recordings of the orbicularis oris muscle in babies with T21.
ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the association between dysphagia and sarcopenia with clinical, functional, and nutritional factors in older adults. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study using a non-probabilistic sample of 199 medical records of older adult patients treated by Geriatrics, Speech Therapy, and Nutrition professionals at a specialized clinic, with an interval of up to 30 days between consultations. Exclusions included older individuals evaluated via teleconsultation, diagnosed with neuromuscular diseases, fed by alternative routes, and residents in long-term care facilities. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: the results revealed an association between dysphagia and sarcopenia, particularly with low muscle strength. Edentulism, modifications in food and liquid consistency, restricted oral intake, and frailty were associated with both oropharyngeal dysphagia and sarcopenia. Conclusion: professionals involved in managing dysphagia and sarcopenia in older adults should be attentive to variables such as consistency and dietary restrictions, dentition, and frailty.
RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico e a trajetória assistencial de crianças com perda auditiva confirmada ou sob monitoramento auditivo atendidas na rede pública de saúde de Maceió (AL), entre 2012 e 2024. Métodos: estudo observacional, retrospectivo e transversal, de base documental, realizado nos cinco Centros Especializados de Reabilitação do município. Foram analisados 3.495 prontuários de crianças de 0 a 12 anos, incluindo casos com perda auditiva confirmada e casos sob monitoramento auditivo. Utilizaram-se estatísticas descritivas e os testes do qui-quadrado e de Kruskal-Wallis (p<0,05). Resultados: a cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal foi de 80,9%. A idade mediana ao diagnóstico foi de 1,0 ano (IIQ: 0,3-3,0) e ao início da intervenção também de 1,0 ano (IIQ: 0,5-3,0). Apenas 34,6% das crianças iniciaram intervenção até seis meses. Predominou a perda auditiva sensorioneural bilateral, e indicadores de risco foram identificados em 42,0% da amostra. Conclusão: apesar da elevada cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal, persistem atrasos na confirmação diagnóstica e na intervenção auditiva, evidenciando fragilidades na trajetória assistencial da saúde auditiva infantil na rede pública analisada.
