The soft tissue anatomy of the calf consists of muscles, arteries, and veins. This article correlates examples of various imaging methods with drawn illustrations to demonstrate the anatomy and various pathologic conditions that may cause acute calf enlargement, which can conveniently be cla
Tuboovarian abscess (TOA) is the end stage of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).The symptoms and signs of TOA are similar to those of PID and include pelvic pain and fever, but these nonspecific features make the diagnosis of TOA difficult. The clinical diagnosis can be confirmed by tr
The diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia is often difficult to make, in view of the nonspecific clinical symptoms and imaging findings that frequently overlap with those of other causes of intestinal pathology. However, certain unambiguous findings on plain radiographs, CT, ultrasound, and angio
This article reviews the postoperative complications following pulmonary resections, which vary according to the type of procedure and the time elapsed since surgery was performed. Early complications include atelectasis, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, bronchopleural fistula, empyema, and less frequent conditions such as cardiac herniation and lung torsion and herniation. Among late complications are postpneumonectomy syndrome, recurrent tumor, and late empyema. The relative low diagnostic accuracy of chest radiography in detecting these complications can be improved with CT, as well as a knowledge of the clinical settings in which specific complications are likely to occur.
Pulmonary hemorrhage is classified into 2 broad categories: diffuse and localized. Diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage (DPH) is a rare entity of multiple causes characterized by diffuse filling of the pulmonary parenchyma with blood. In its acute stage, there are radiologic findings of localized or
Tuberculosis is a worldwide health problem that has increased in incidence over the past two decades. The most common site is the chest. Pleural changes are seen in active disease, following prior infection, and as a consequence of prior therapy. In active disease, abnormalities can be related to pr
AbstractThe diagnosis of cervical spine injury is important because of the possibility of associated short-term mortality and long-term morbidity. Plain radiography is the initial imaging modality in most patients with suspected traumatic injury to the cervical spine. However, they may not always pr
The mediastinal shadow on chest radiographs is made up of many structures, and its width may vary widely with positioning and the patient’s underlying condition. Recognition of normal and abnormal mediastinal anatomy on posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs is essential, since medias
Various brain MR abnormalities may develop during or after surgery, radiochemotherapy, and medical treatment. Postoperatively, characteristic or nonspecific imaging changes may reflect such conditions as hemorrhage, edema, infarction, or abnormal contrast enhancement. Radiation therapy may induce wh
Abstract:Many multiple-organ-system diseases show specific abnormalities in the abdomen, which may be an important diagnostic clue or even the first manifestation of the condition. Computed tomography is particularly useful for complete workup of diverse abdominal organs. This article reviews the ab
In vivo MR spectroscopy (MRS) is based on the principle of chemical shift, in which the frequency of precession of the nucleus is proportional to the strength of magnetic field. Over the last decade, MRS has progressed from an experimental modality to a clinically useful imaging tool. Although MRS f
