Abstract The present work aims to demonstrate the technical feasibility of a sustainable knowledge modeling process for building inspections. The following elements are integrated: knowledge bases for the Semantic Web; information contained in digital building models; the plotting of routes for autonomous drone flights, guided by spatial data from the model; and extensible ontologies that accumulate factual knowledge. Each autonomous flight route is plotted based on spatial data extracted from the digital model of the headquarters of an educational building, which contains semantic definitions of the building maintenance process. The routes are structured into WayPoints enriched with data from various semantics and saved in files compatible with georeferencing systems. The process proposes the creation of a factual knowledge base grounded in ontologies within the open and linked data paradigm. Initiatives such as the B-IRO model (Building-Input Relationship Output) are highlighted. The text presents a reflection on two intrinsic challenges of the proposal: the definition of ontologies and the need to build a network infrastructure with Semantic Web functionalities within the open and linked data paradigm. Both factors are necessary to sustain the process over time.
Resumo Este trabalho investiga numericamente o comportamento de ligações viga-pilar semirrígidas em estruturas de concreto pré-moldado, considerando vigas e pilares pré-moldados, consolos e chumbadores, associados à laje maciça moldada no local e armaduras de continuidade para resistir a momentos negativos. Modelos tridimensionais em elementos finitos, validados com resultados experimentais e com não linearidades de materiais e interfaces, foram empregados para obter curvas momento-rotação e avaliar rigidez secante e capacidade resistente, comparando configurações com e sem graute na interface consolo-viga. Realizou-se estudo paramétrico variando a taxa de armadura de continuidade, a resistência do concreto moldado no local e a altura da laje, verificando-se que a altura da laje apresenta a maior influência na rigidez secante, com efeitos mais pronunciados na ligação sem graute. Por fim, rigidezes equivalentes das ligações foram incorporadas à análise bidimensional de estabilidade global de edifícios, com avaliação do coeficiente γz e dos deslocamentos horizontais. Do ponto de vista da estabilidade global, verificou-se que a consideração do modelo LC-N na análise estrutural resultou em respostas muito próximas às obtidas com ligações perfeitamente rígidas, enquanto a hipótese de articulação plena conduziu a previsões mais deslocáveis.
Abstract This article evaluates the technical and operational feasibility of a hybrid protocol combining traditional manual survey and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) based digital photogrammetry as a progressive transition strategy from conventional to digital documentation for historic timber buildings in resource-constrained regional contexts. The protocol was applied to the headquarters building of the Museu da Bacia do Paraná (MBP), Maringá, Brazil, through three phases: manual survey, UAV photogrammetry (DJI Mini 4 Pro / Agisoft Metashape), and comparative data integration within an HBIM environment. Results indicate that the hybrid approach corrected geometric inconsistencies undetected by manual methods, particularly in the roof structure, while reducing field data collection time from approximately two months to 22 minutes. The study suggests that hybrid workflows are viable even with operators in the learning phase and limited equipment, supporting the gradual adoption of digital documentation in regional heritage practice.
Abstract Rehearsal rooms, especially those intended for orchestras, must have appropriate acoustic treatment so that musicians can work on tuning, sound perception, and tone production during rehearsals. This paper presents an analysis of the acoustic conditions of the rehearsal room of the Orchestra of the School of Music at UFRJ, which has been the subject of complaints such as excessive external noise and high reverberation. For the analysis, measurements of reverberation time and sound pressure level were carried out in the room. Based on this analysis, alternative acoustic intervention strategies are proposed to adapt the space to its intended use through acoustic simulations using the BRASS and Cype Acoubat software, which enable the evaluation of reverberation time and sound insulation performance. Reverberation time simulations were carried out for different occupancy configurations, ranging from small ensembles to a full symphony orchestra. The simulation results indicate that, through economically viable solutions, it is possible to transform the rehearsal room of the UFRJ School of Music Orchestra into a suitable environment, ensuring the required sound insulation and acoustic conditioning compatible with its function.
Resumo Este estudo investigou o efeito de diferentes tipos de superplastificantes nas propriedades de argamassas com elevados teores de substituição de cimento por cal hidratada e fíler calcário (> 30%). Foram avaliados três superplastificantes, um lignossulfonato (LS) e dois policarboxilatos (PCA e PCB). O teor de superplastificante foi determinado por reometria rotacional. Foram feitos ensaios em pastas para análise da cinética de hidratação; em argamassas para avaliação do teor de água, trabalhabilidade e desempenho mecânico; e em painéis para verificação da aplicabilidade das argamassas em bloco cerâmico, incluindo ensaios de aderência. O tipo de superplastificante é determinante para as propriedades e aplicação das argamassas. Os policarboxilatos promoveram melhor dispersão das partículas finas, produzindo uma matriz com maior resistência e menor permeabilidade. As argamassas com PCA apresentaram ganhos superiores a 85% na resistência de aderência à tração, atendendo os requisitos normativos para aplicação como revestimento externo (C40_PCA). No teor de saturação, o LS causou um retardo excessivo (> 72h) e maior incorporação de ar, comprometendo as propriedades mecânicas das argamassas e a aderência ao bloco cerâmico.
Abstract This article analyzes the implications of using Building Information Modeling (BIM) in budgeting education in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) programs. Based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) conducted in two stages, 15 dissertations and 12 national articles were identified and analyzed from the CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog and the CAPES Periodicals Portal, published between 2016 and 2025, with the support of the Artificial Intelligence tool NotebookLM®. The results indicate that BIM, especially in its 5D dimension, helps reduce the abstraction involved in the budgeting process, supports students' understanding of how design decisions impact costs, and fosters competencies such as collaborative work and systems thinking. Teaching experiences at institutions such as UFSC and UFC were identified, with results indicating relevant pedagogical benefits alongside challenges related to software learning curves, prior modeling quality, and institutional infrastructure. It is concluded that integrating BIM into budgeting education cannot be achieved in isolation; it requires curriculum integration, faculty training, and the development of teaching methodologies specifically designed for this purpose.
Abstract This study investigates the state of the art regarding women’s roles in social housing contexts, with an emphasis on capacity-building through social technologies, based on a systematic literature review combined with an analysis of empirical data obtained through questionnaires administered to female residents of housing complexes. The analysis revealed that despite the growing discussion about women’s participation in housing, in housing rights movements and in self-managed processes, there is a gap in the literature regarding the relationship between the technical empowerment of women through digital tools and their direct involvement in the renovation and adaptation of their homes. It is also observed that the collected data indicate a positive perception of the potential of renovation and capacity-building activities as an alternative for generating income and making improvements to their own homes. Recognizing that women’s capacity-building is essential for promoting more adequate housing highlights the importance of strategies that expand access to technical assistance, directly linking to Sustainable Development Goals 3, 5, 10 and 11.
Resumo Este estudo investiga os fatores críticos para a formação de redes colaborativas no contexto do Building Information Modeling (BIM) na construção civil. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura, resultando em um portfólio final de 25 artigos científicos. A análise desse portfólio baseada em como os autores descreviam condições, práticas, mecanismos, barreiras ou elementos estruturantes associados à colaboração em rede BIM, permitiu identificar 63 fatores associados à formação de redes colaborativas, organizados nos três campos BIM: tecnologia, processos e políticas e em categorias analíticas. Posteriormente, o grau de relevância foi avaliado por especialistas da área por meio de uma escala Likert, estabelecendo uma classificação comparativa de relevância. Os resultados apontam que elementos como adaptação legal e contratual, qualidade e acessibilidade dos dados, interoperabilidade de sistemas e uso de ferramentas padronizadas figuram entre os mais críticos para a consolidação das redes. A pesquisa evidencia que, embora o tema ainda seja incipiente na literatura, sua relevância cresce diante da necessidade de maior integração entre os atores do setor. Como contribuição, o estudo oferece um arcabouço conceitual que pode orientar práticas de implementação e políticas de colaboração em projetos habilitados para BIM, reforçando a importância de estratégias formais e informais para o fortalecimento das redes colaborativas.
Resumo A intensificação das mudanças climáticas impulsiona a busca por materiais cimentícios suplementares que reduzam as emissões de CO2 e reaproveitem rejeitos industriais. Diante disso, este estudo avaliou o efeito da adição do rejeito de caulim calcinado (RCC) no comportamento de argamassas de assentamento no estado fresco, analisando a viabilidade da substituição parcial do cimento Portland. Para isso, o RCC foi tratado termicamente a 600 °C por 3 horas e moído por 1 hora. Após esse tratamento, foram produzidas cinco composições no traço 1:6 (em massa), com teores de substituição de 0% a 40%. Os ensaios abrangeram o estado fresco da argamassa de assentamento. Os resultados indicam que a incorporação do RCC promove modificações benéficas no comportamento das argamassas, com potencial para redução de custos e ganhos ambientais. Concluiu-se, então, que o teor de 30% de substituição do cimento pelo resíduo representa o índice ótimo como plastificante entre as composições analisadas, garantindo o melhor desempenho para a aplicação proposta.
Abstract The increase in outdoor temperatures resulting from global warming, together the intensive use of HVAC systems without an adequate air change rate in schools have highlighted the need to monitor indoor air quality. This study presents the validation of a low-cost IoT (Internet of Things) device, named Healthy Classroom, developed to estimate the air change rate and indicate, in real-time, the need for corrective actions such as the controlled opening of doors and windows. The validation experiment was conducted through measurements of carbon dioxide (CO₂), air temperature, and relative humidity, which were compared with those obtained from a reference instrument. The results demonstrated a strong correlation between the measurements, confirming the reliability of the device as an accessible and applicable solution for continuous monitoring of indoor air quality in educational settings, supporting informed ventilation management and the promotion of health-promoting indoor environments.
Resumo O ataque por sulfatos em elementos estruturais de concreto pode desencadear a precipitação de produtos expansivos, como etringita e gipsita, comprometendo a vida útil e a durabilidade do material. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar, por meio de análises mineralógicas (DRX) e térmicas (TG/DTG), aliadas à modelagem termodinâmica, o comportamento de duas composições de pasta (CP V-ARI e 90% CP V-ARI + 10% sílica ativa (SA)) frente ao ataque por sulfato de sódio e sulfato de magnésio. Também foi determinada, por meio da modelagem termodinâmica, a pressão de cristalização da etringita e da gipsita. Os resultados de DRX e TG indicaram que a incorporação de sílica ativa nas pastas de cimento reduziu a precipitação de etringita secundária frente ao sulfato de sódio. Contudo esse comportamento não foi observado no ataque por sulfato de magnésio. A modelagem termodinâmica apresentou boa concordância com os resultados experimentais. Quanto à pressão de cristalização, ambas as pastas exibiram tensões internas semelhantes. Os resultados apontam, por fim, que a modelagem termodinâmica constitui uma ferramenta eficaz para identificar e explicar as fases formadas durante o ataque por sulfatos em compósitos cimentícios.
Abstract The increasing generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) and the environmental impacts of natural aggregate extraction have driven the search for more sustainable concrete materials. This study evaluates whether the partial replacement of coarse aggregate with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic waste from e-waste can improve the thermal performance—particularly thermal conductivity—of conventional concrete, while assessing its effects on mechanical behavior and water absorption to identify an optimal incorporation level without significantly compromising strength and durability. Concrete mixtures with 0%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15% ABS were produced and evaluated in terms of workability, compressive and tensile strengths, thermal conductivity, surface temperatures, water absorption, and mesostructural characteristics. Results showed a progressive reduction in mechanical strength with increasing ABS content; however, mixtures with up to 12.5% replacement remained suitable for non-structural applications. Improved thermal performance was observed, with reduced thermal conductivity, especially at the 12.5% replacement level. This ratio is identified as an optimal solution, contributing to the understanding of the thermo-mechanical behavior of concrete incorporating e-waste and supporting the development of more sustainable cementitious materials.
Abstract This study aims to analyze the physical and behavioral factors influencing household water consumption in an university student housing (USH) facility, integrating Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) and telemetry monitoring to identify variables that modulate water demand. This combined methodology was utilized to identify the main physical and socio-demographic factors that modulate water demand. The telemetry system revealed and enabled the rapid correction of critical leaks in flush valves, which were causing excessive consumption, resulting in the stabilization of the Per Capita Consumption Index (CI). This CI was then correlated with the residents' socioeconomic data and consumption habits, collected via the questionnaire. The walkthrough confirmed the presence of construction pathologies (waterproofing failure) and project gaps (vague technical memoranda). The POE indicated that while the number of residents influences total consumption, age does not correlate with the per capita CI, though gender appears to be a modulating factor. The main user demand is the installation of additional showers, and the high subsidy rate, coupled with the students’ previous housing context, suggests the need for awareness campaigns to combat behavioral waste.
Abstract This study assesses the compliance of fire safety systems in an educational building in the civil engineering department of the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The requirements of the 1994 fire safety standards, in force at the time of the fire prevention and protection plan, were compared with the current normative instructions of the Military Fire Brigade of Santa Catarina. The methodology consisted of on-site inspections, preparation of a plan for completed work, and application of normative checklists. The results showed significant non-conformities, despite the necessary safety systems being in place. In particular, deactivating the battery bank renders the emergency lighting and evacuation signage in one of the blocks unusable. In addition, some of the fire extinguishers are obstructed or depressurised, and the fire hydrant components are incomplete. In general, the building does not meet the safety requirements for its occupancy profile, underscoring the need to maintain and update the fire prevention and protection plan. The conclusions reinforce the importance of continuous fire safety management in educational institutions to ensure people's safety and protect public property.
Abstract Water table experiments have been applied as qualitative tools for natural ventilation assessment in architectural design. However, methodological consolidation for establishing them as quantitative analysis instruments remains incomplete, particularly regarding boundary condition definition and similarity requirements. This study characterizes surface velocity profiles in water table experiments through floater-based measurement, an economically accessible technique grounded in hydrometric standards, to verify whether transverse surface velocity variation conforms to open-channel hydraulic theory predictions. Diverse flow rates and transverse positions were evaluated using cubic and hemispherical test body geometries. Statistical analysis confirmed significant velocity reduction toward channel walls, consistent with boundary layer development principles and secondary current effects documented in open-channel flow theory. The cubic body exhibited more consistent measurement patterns, while the hemispherical body demonstrated higher mean velocities but greater variance, suggesting trade-offs between kinematic representation and measurement reproducibility. Results establish that surface velocity approaches uniformity in the central channel region, enabling identification of appropriate model placement zones and defensible obstruction rates. Integration with hydraulic theory, particularly velocity dip and aspect ratio effects, grounds results in established principles.
Abstract This study presents the characterization and a strategy for processing residual fines for their application in the production of magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) binders. Quartzite mining waste (QW), soapstone waste (SW), and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) were evaluated. Initially, the raw materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDS, and thermogravimetry. The samples were then subjected to a grinding study and characterized by laser granulometry and SEM/SE. The processed QW and SW samples exhibited high fineness (D90 of 13.5 and 42.9 µm, respectively) and a well-graded and continuous particle size distribution. The processed SCBA presented a high SiO₂ content (60.1%), predominance of amorphous phase (53.7%), and a high specific surface area (49.9 m2/g). Based on the results, the QW and SW are expected to perform effectively as fillers, reducing costs and contributing to the microstructure and mechanical performance of the matrices. The SCBA, in turn, stands out as a potential source of reactive silica (SiO2) for the synthesis of M-S-H cements. The study aligns with circular economy principles and offers alternatives for utilizing industrial waste in the Brazilian construction industry, opening new possibilities for research on eco-efficient M-S-H systems.
Abstract This study assesses the daylight performance of Brazilian social housing according to the proposed Section 13 of NBR 15575-1 and the design requirements introduced by Ordinance MCID No. 725/2023. Two building typologies were analyzed in three cities (Cuiabá, Florianópolis and Recife) through annual climate-based simulations, considering variations in surroundings, topography and solar orientation. Two scenarios were assessed: a pre-ordinance baseline and a post-ordinance configuration implementing the prescribed requirements. The research introduces an innovative methodological framework that integrates architectural and urban variables to explore how regulatory design criteria influence daylight availability. An open-access Power BI platform was developed to explore simulation data. Results showed that the living rooms of post-ordinance buildings had more non-compliances with the standard, particularly on lower floors and denser surroundings. Sloped terrains increased shading effects, while latitude and cloudiness amplified intercity differences. The findings indicate a mismatch between regulatory parameters and daylight performance, particularly for the minimum spacing between buildings prescribed by the ordinance. The study highlights the need to revise standards and integrate complementary architectural strategies to ensure adequate daylight availability in future social housing developments.
Abstract This study aimed to conduct a technical and economic analysis of a rainwater-harvesting system for a single-family house in Palhoça, Southern Brazil. The methodology comprised: assessment of water consumption and end-uses through site visits and weekly records; simulation using the Netuno computer programme based on historical rainfall data from Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET); and an economic viability analysis using local tariff structures and financial indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The main end-uses of water were toilet flushing (28.81%), washing machine (28.75%), and showers (22.95%). Two rainwater harvesting scenarios were evaluated: scenario 1 considered its use for toilet flushing, garden irrigation, and washing machine; scenario 2 limited the use to toilet flushing and garden irrigation. The rainwater harvesting system, considering a lower rainwater tank of 3,000 L and an upper tank of 500 L, resulted in potable water savings equal to 35.6% (scenario 1) and 23.3% (scenario 2). The economic analysis indicated that the investment was viable under scenario 1, with a payback period of 55 months, a positive NPV, and an IRR exceeding the Minimum Acceptable Rate of Return. It is concluded that the system is technically practical and economically advantageous, contributing to sustainability in the built environment.
Resumo A implementação do Building Information Modeling (BIM) tem avançado no setor de Arquitetura, Engenharia, Construção e Operação (AECO), mas ainda carece de diretrizes consolidadas que integrem evidências científicas e orientações normativas. Reconhecendo essa lacuna, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar estratégias, diretrizes e fatores críticos que influenciam a adoção do BIM em organizações públicas e privadas. Para isso, realizou-se uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL), seguindo protocolo PRISMA, complementada por uma revisão documental de legislações, guias, manuais e protocolos nacionais e internacionais. A busca em três bases (Scopus, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico) resultou em 12.332 registros, dos quais 95 documentos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os resultados evidenciam que falta de conhecimento, resistência à mudança, interoperabilidade limitada, altos custos iniciais e insuficiência de recursos financeiros constituem as barreiras mais recorrentes. A análise dos documentos institucionais mostrou predominância de itens como Plano de Execução BIM (PEB), definição de papéis e responsabilidades e infraestrutura tecnológica. Como contribuição, o estudo apresenta um conjunto de diretrizes integradas que articulam fatores organizacionais, normativos e técnicos, oferecendo subsídios para gestores e instituições que buscam estruturar ou aprimorar processos de implementação do BIM.
Abstract Pathological manifestations in concrete structures result from failures in design, execution, maintenance, or material degradation, thus requiring effective repair solutions towards extending the structures’ service life. Nanoengineered concrete with colloidal silica can be an efficient alternative as a repair material, for it reduces porosity and increases mechanical strength due to its effect on the interfacial transition zone between the aggregate and the cement paste. This study evaluates the application of a high-strength concrete with colloidal silica as a repair material to conventional concrete structural elements. Cylindrical and prismatic concrete specimens were produced, intentionally damaged, and subsequently repaired with the developed special concrete. Characterization results revealed significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the special concrete even at low colloidal silica contents, being the best compressive strength obtained with the addition of only 1% colloidal silica, by cement mass. The repaired elements showed satisfactory performance in all measured properties, maintaining compressive strength values statistically similar to those of intact conventional concrete after 28 days of repair (39.4 MPa and 40.7 MPa for repaired and intact specimens, respectively). The results highlight the potential of nanoengineered concrete with colloidal silica addition for practical structural repair applications.
