Powerful states exercise both formal and informal power over international organizations (IOs). Successful IO design limits the degree of this influence in order to maintain the participation of other member states. We explore the relationships between vote shares, cost shares, and agency expertise in a model of project finance, where projects have both developmental (public) and geopolitical (private) value to the broader members and the hegemonic state. The IO secretariat biases its recommendations in favor of hegemonic interests, even though its incentives diverge from those of the powerful states. Greater IO expertise limits the degree to which the secretariat “shades” its recommendations, and reduces the political value of larger vote shares for the hegemon. Expertise therefore creates a tradeoff: it makes the institution more useful for its broader membership, but less useful for the hegemon whose participation it must retain. Incentive-compatible IO participation requires the secretariat’s expertise to be bounded.
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors influencing information security protection behaviors with the mediating role of fear and motivation to protect information based on the theories of protection motivation and planned behavior among the employees of the telecommunications company in Khuzestan region of Iran. This study is of an applied-survey type. The statistical population included the employees of Khuzestan telecommunications company, who were selected using Cochran’s formula of 311 by non-random sampling method. The data collection tool was designed based on a questionnaire. In data analysis, structural equation modeling was used to fit the model and test research hypotheses using SPSS, SmartPLS software. The results showed organizational commitment, job satisfaction, fear, self-efficacy, attitude, and mental norms has a significant effect on the motivation to protect information. In addition, sensitivity to threat, and intensity of threat had a significant effect on fear. Information protection motivation had a positive effect on information security protection behaviors. However, the cost of responding and perceived behavioral control did not affect the motivation to protect information.
Background: The objective of the present study is to analyze if the variables of the Demand-Control-Social Support model moderate between the characteristics of the job position (JDS) and Engagement. Method: The multi-occupational sample of 302 Spanish employees (64.9% men, 35.1% women) was obtained through non-probabilistic sampling and the data collected were processed with the SPSS 27.0 program.Results: Statistically significant correlations were found between the JDS and Engagement factors, as well as between Demands, Control and Social Support and Engagement. Finally, the empirical evidence indicates that Demands, Control and Social Support have a moderating role between some dimensions of the job and the Engagement shown, in the sense that Demands, Control and Social Support (understood as a quantitative variable) affect the intensity of the relationship between the characteristics of the job (predictor variable) and engagement (criterion variable). Conclusions: The best moderators are Demand and Social Support, since they moderate the relationship between various factors of the JDS and the Engagement. This is important because, if workers can improve these characteristics, they will show a higher level of Engagement in their jobs.
En este artículo nos proponemos presentar una historización de la teoría de la organización anclada en la realidad latinoamericana, la cual repiensa los postulados mainstream (Szlechter et al., 2020) que han pretendido hegemonizar el debate académico en América Latina. En este sentido, el caso argentino servirá como ejemplo particular que permitirá esbozar los lineamientos de una propuesta de alcance latinoamericano. A partir de una revisión de literatura latinoamericana con perspectiva decolonial, presentamos las razones para esbozar una teoría de la organización en clave crítica, histórica y sociológica, así como la manera en que esta dialoga con los orígenes de la teoría crítica de la organización en los países centrales y cómo esta se incorporó en la Argentina. A su vez, identificamos los principales desarrollos teóricos que dan cuenta del surgimiento de la teoría crítica y decolonial de la organización en nuestro país que a su vez dialogue con los procesos sociales en los cuales se encuentra embebida. Finalmente, como conclusión, sostenemos que una teoría crítica, decolonial y sociológica debe ofrecer formas alternativas de organización respecto de la emergente en la modernidad capitalista.
