This paper presents proposed SMART (Systematic Monitoring of Arterial Road Traffic Signals) traffic control signal in Brunei Darussalam. Traffic congestion due to stops and delays at traffic light signals has much been complained about in Brunei Darussalam as well as across the world during the recent years. There are primarily two types of traffic signal controls in Brunei Darussalam. The most common one is the fixed or pre-timed signal operation traffic light and the other one is the actuated signal operation traffic light. Although the actuated signal control is more efficient than the fixed or pre-fixed signal control in the sense that it provides fewer stops and delays to traffic on the major arteries, the best option for Brunei Darussalam would be to introduce smart traffic control signal. This type of traffic signal uses artificial intelligence to take the appropriate action by adjusting the times in real time to minimise the delay in the intersection while also coordinating with intersections in the neighbourhood. SMART Signal simultaneously collects event-based high-resolution traffic data from multiple intersections and generates real-time signal performance measures, including arterial travel time, number of stops, queue length, intersection delay, and level of service. In Brunei Darussalam, where we have numerous intersections where several arterial roads are linked to one another, The SMART signal traffic control method should be implemented.
Localization of nodes is one of the key issues of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that gained a wide attention in recent years. The existing localization techniques can be generally categorized into two types: range-based and range-free. Compared with rang-based schemes, the range-free schemes are more cost-effective, because no additional ranging devices are needed. As a result, we focus our research on the range-free schemes. In this paper we study three types of range-free location algorithms to compare the localization error and energy consumption of each one. Centroid algorithm requires a normal node has at least three neighbor anchors, while DV-hop algorithm doesn’t have this requirement. The third studied algorithm is the amorphous algorithm similar to DV-Hop algorithm, and the idea is to calculate the hop distance between two nodes instead of the linear distance between them .The simulation results show that the localization accuracy of the amorphous algorithm is higher than that of other algorithms and the energy consumption does not increase too much.
A low profile multi layer miniaturized unit cell frequency selective surface (FSS) with second-order band-pass response is design. The metallic layers in the form of capacitive patches and inductive grids are separated by dielectric substrates. The non-resonant sub-wavelength unit cells with unit cell dimensions and periodicities on the order of 0.15λ. The overall thickness of approximately 0.03λ is designed which is useful at lower frequencies with long wavelengths. The FSS exhibit a stable frequency response to different angles of incidence and polarizations. The analysis and synthesis of the FSS is done using equivalent circuit method and simulated using CST microwave studio at X-band.
A transformer-less boost converter which provides high voltage gain without utilizing transformer or coupled inductors and extreme duty cycle is proposed in this paper. Also it is able to cancel the ripples in the input current at a preselected duty cycle, without increasing the number of components. The converter combines the features of boost converter and a three switch high voltage converter. At the input side, two inductors are interleaved for cancelling the input current ripple and at the output side switched capacitor voltage multiplier is used to increase the voltage gain. Feedback control is used to make the output voltage constant in spite of variation in the input or load or both i.e. both line and load regulation is accompanied. This proposed converter configuration helps eliminate the input current ripple and provides voltage deregulation for low power applications.
Secret knowledge, like remembering password or token based authentication systems are deemed inconvenience and difficult to use for users such as password may be forgotten or token may be lost. So burdens like remembering password and stolen or forged token based authentication have raised a current trend of biometric authentication system. Now in this current tech world, everyone needs security everywhere to protect our personal gadgets. So to keep it secured, biometric based approach can be applied for better convenience and ease of use for the user. In this paper, a novel hybrid multimodal approach for ear recognition and finger print recognition has been presented for better robustness and efficiency which can be applied in various fields of applications like authentication in banking transactions. Biometric based human recognition is rapidly gaining popularity due to breached of traditional security systems and the lowering cost of sensors. This paper comprehensively reviews multimodal recognition using ear pattern and finger print data, it is concluded that further research should investigate fast and fully automatic ear-finger print multimodal systems robust to occlusions and deformations.
One of the major problems in adaptive filtering is the problem of system identification. It has been studied extensively due to its immense practical importance in a variety of fields. The underlying goal is to identify the impulse response of an unknown system. This is accomplished by placing a known system in parallel and feeding both systems with the same input. Due to initial disparity in their impulse responses, an error is generated between their outputs. This error is set to tune the impulse response of known system in a way that every change in impulse response reduces the magnitude of prospective error. This process is repeated until the error becomes negligible and the responses of both systems match. To specifically minimize the error, numerous adaptive algorithms are available. They are noteworthy either for their low computational complexity or high convergence speed. Recently, a method, known as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), has gained much attention due to its remarkably low computational complexity. But despite this colossal advantage, properties of MCMC method have not been investigated for adaptive system identification problem. This article bridges this gap by providing a complete treatment of MCMC method in the aforementioned context.
UWB antenna with dual notched characteristics fed by microstrip transmission line is presented in this paper. The tapered connection between the rectangular patch and the feed line is used to produce a good impedance matching from 2.3 to 11.5 GHz. A dual band frequency notches are achieved using U-DGS loaded with lumped capacitors. The first notch frequency band is achieved using DGS to reduce the interference with WIMAX from 3.3 to 3.7 Ghz. The second notch frequency band is also achieved using U-parasitic strip placed in the ground plan to eliminate the interference with WLAN from 5.2 to 5.9 GHz. Lumped capacitors are combined with the slot due to miniaturize the slot size. The size of the resonator is reduced by more than 40% when lumped capacitors are used. The proposed antenna hasVSWR < 2 except the notched bands. The simulated results confirm that the antenna is suitable for UWB applications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v13i2.6976
Lighting condition is very critical to mine workers, since they completely depend upon visual indication. Effective lighting systems provide better visibility and contribute to improved safety, production, productivity and efficiency of equipments. This paper intended to present a simulation study of configurations for the uniform illumination over a rectangular-target surface (underground mine 26X4.8 m gallery) using power LEDs. This cost effective lighting involved different sets of arrangements of LEDs that provide a close uniform light level for given optimized parameters. The optimized values of the variables in the arrangements were obtained by the using of MATLAB functions for optimization toolbox. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v15i1.7969
Secure and reliable opertation of the grid requires real time monitoring and control of entire power system. Phasor measurement units (PMU) are being deployed for real time monitoring and analysis of power system. The most important factor to be considered in placement problem is observability of power system with minimum number of PMUs. This paper proposed an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) based optimization approach to minimize the number of PMUs in the network. The proposed work determines the number of PMUs and its placement, while maximizing the system observability in normal operating condition. In this paper modeling of zero-injection bus has been formulated to reduce the number of PMUs further. Simulations are carried out in Standard IEEE 14 and IEEE 30 bus system, the results indicate the ILP approach determines the minimum number of PMUs and improves Observabiltity of the Power System. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i2.7605 Full Text: PDF
This paper presents a support vector machine (SVM) model structure, the genetic algorithm parameters of the model portfolio optimization model, and used for non-linear pattern recognition, the method is not only effective for linear problems, nonlinear problems apply effective; the law simple and easy, better than the multi-segment linear classifier design methods and BP network algorithm returns the error. Examples show the efficiency of its recognition of 100%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v13i1.6692
A three degree of freedom (3-DOF) bench-top helicopter is a simplified aerial vehicle which is used to study the behaviors of the helicopter as well as testing multiple flight control approaches for their efficiency. Designing helicopter’s dynamic control is a challenging task due to the presence of high uncertainties and non-linear behavior. In this study, Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) is proposed to achieve robust control over the helicopter model. It utilizes frequency domain methodology which ensures plant’s stability by considering the feedback of the system and thus removing the effect of disturbances and reducing sensitivity of parameter’s variation. The proposed technique is tested against LQR-tuned PID controller to demonstrate its procedures as well as its performance. Simulation results obtained through MATLAB Simulink software shown us that QFT algorithm managed to reduce percentage of overshoot and settling time about 50% and 30% respectively over the classical PID controller. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i3.7899 Full Text: PDF
There are many power electronic converters and motor drives connected together to form the electrical system of an elevator. In this paper, we have presented a modeling tool that has the advantages of utilizing capabilities of the PMSM software in detailed simulations of converters, motor drives, and electric machines. In addition, equivalent electrical models of Elevator drive system. This paper also gives a brief idea of PMSM validity as an elevator simulation tool. PMSM drive system is described and analyzed due to its importance in many applications especially in elevator applications. applications due to their high efficiency, low inertia and high torque to volume ratio. A closed loop control system with a PI control,Fuzzy, PSO in the speed loop with current controllers .The simulation circuits for PMSM, inverter, speed and current controllers include all realistic components of the drive system. Simulation results for SPWM control schemes associated with current controllers are given for two speeds, one below rated and another above rated speed. in this paper and it has been shown that the model is suitable for transient as well as steady state condition. These results also confirmed that the transient torque and current never exceed the maximum permissible value. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i3.7952
The Balinese papyrus is one of the media to write the ideas from minstrels in ancient times. Currently, many of ancient literature that written in papyrus very difficult to identify because the writings were beginning to rot or fade influenced by age. This study takes the Balinese papyrus characters as its object. The improvement of the image quality in image processing of the characters here refers to the change for the quality of the image before its next development. There is the process of identifying the color space to spot the shape of the papyrus characters. The difference of the colors is so small so that it needs CIELab to process the identification out of its background and noise.
The paper presents the human blood reheating technique for medical purposes with high frequency induction heating system. The temperature is analyzed to determine the heat distribution in different positions of human blood within the non metallic tank. In the proposed induction heating system, the inductive applicator is a primary working coil of the modified half bridge high frequency inverter and the RBCs within the blood will be working as secondary element. The simulation shows that the heating area can be effectively controlled by using the cylindrical shield with adjustable space. However, the efficiency of heat can be increased by varying the radius size of cylinder thereby more flux appears and more eddy emf is induced. Hence the resulting eddy current increases the refrigerated blood of range 1oC- 6oC to 37oC. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i1.7262
The Power transformer is the very essential element in the power systems. For wealthy running operation of power transmission and distribution, the transformer set-up is indispensable. Otherwise, under fault situation the whole transmission system will lead to power loss. The protection is necessary for power transformers i.e. mostly against internal faults and magnetic inrush currents. Exciting magnetic inrush current will tide, when the transformer is operated without keeping load or in the Voltage recovery after the fault being separated. This work suggests to develop transient detection techniques using wavelet transform for all these faults. The wavelet transform has a benefit of representation of current and Voltage signals. Empathy of transients is very fast and precise the research proposes to expand a new wavelet method to identify inrush currents to classify it from power system disturbances. The suggested practice extract faults and inrush generated transient signals using wavelet transform process. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i3.7849
This paper introduces a new algorithm based on machine vision for the recognition of hand gesture. In step 1, the Microsoft Kinect sensor is used to capture color images and depth. User’s hand detected by eliminating the background and rescaling image. In the next step, “Scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT)” algorithm is used for the feature extraction. The extracted feature vectors are built in vocabulary tree with K-means clustering. Finally, Hand gesture is recognized by a recognition high-level method called stochastic context-free grammar (SCFG). SCFG is used for syntactic structure analysis that is based on hand gesture recognition, that is combined postures can be analyzed and recognized by a set of production rules. SCFG is most effective in disambiguate. By this approach, we are able to recognize various gestures in 30 frames per seconds (fps) and with more than 90 % accuracy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v15i1.8091
The need for air pollutant monitoring system is very substantial especially in the developing countries such as Indonesia. In this research, we have performed a test of such system for carbon monoxide gas based on wireless sensor network (WSN) using ZigBee. This system is working with a mesh topology where each sensor node can communicate with one another. There are seven nodes that serve as sensor nodes and one node serving as Coordinator. Each sensor node has five components that represent of gas sensors. We measure three performance metrics during the test, i.e. throughput, delay, and packet loss. The system has been successfully implemented which is capable of displaying information in real time. The experiment resulted in an average carbon monoxide value of 25.1 ppm and showed a good performance. It showed a throughput more than 1.017 kbps, delay and packet loss ratio less than 409 ms and 5 %, respectively.
Managing knowledge work in the workplace is inherently important and accessible to the organizations for the long terms growth and performance. Software developer is a key successor for the organization success and knowledge work is viewed as the highest complexity of work characteristics. The intentions of software developers to improve the knowledge work process are remain unconsciousness.The paper will address the issue of knowledge work process and try to proposed a method how to improve knowledge work process based on distinct methods and approaches. A literature review was used in order to distinguish the methods and will used data collected 300 respondents from Small Medium Enterprise (SMEs) in Malaysia and also validate the methods by using structural equation modelling. Our results provide evidence on the importance of certain method to improve knowledge work on the software developers and business success, and have implications for both research and practice in the field of SMEs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v13i3.7134
Mammogram is important for early breast cancer detection. But due to the low contrast of microcalcifications and noise, it is difficult to detect microcalcification. This paper presents a comparative study in digital mammography image enhancement based on three different algorithms: homomorphic filtering, unsharp masking and our proposed methods. This latter use a hybrid method Combining contourlet and homomorphic filtering. Performance of the given technique has been measured in terms of distribution separation measure (DSM), target-to-background enhancement measure based on standard deviation (TBES) and target-to-background enhancement measure based on entropy (TBEE). The proposed methods were tested with the referents mammography data Base MiniMIAS. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the visibility of microcalcification.
This paper presents an efficient power conditioning system for PV power system generation. The proposed Photovoltaic Power Conditioning System (PVPCS) used a single-stage single-phase Z-Source Inverter (ZSI) integrate with a relatively new evolutionary optimization algorithm known as the Differential Evolution (DE) as the Maximum Power Point (MPP) Tracker. Utilization of single-stage power conditioner overcomes several drawback of the two-stage configuration namely a higher part count, lower efficiency, lower reliability, higher cost and larger size. Furthermore, with a highly effective Differential Evolution (DE) based MPPT technique, the maximum power extraction from PV power generator is always at the optimum value. The proposed technique can track the true global MPP in most environmental circumstances particularly during the occurrence of partial shading condition. The proposed PVPCS is developed using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that the proposed PVPCS is able to realize inversion and boost function in single processing stage as well as dealing with partial shading condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i1.7454
