Public procurement represents one of the main instruments through which the government allocates resources to meet the population's needs. In Brazil, the new Law on Public Procurement and Contracts No. 14.133/2021 establishes guidelines that seek to modernize and optimize procurement processes in the public sector. In this context, supply chain management (SCM) stands out as a strategy for identifying practices that enhance the effectiveness of purchasing activities. In view of the above, this research, based on a systematic literature review, seeks to explore how the adoption of supply chain management practices can improve efficiency, transparency, and sustainability in public procurement. Document screening was performed in Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases, leading to the selection of 43 articles from a total of 220 initially identified. The investigation reveals that incorporating environmental and social criteria, establishing efficient collaboration with suppliers, digitizing processes, conducting continuous monitoring, and centralizing purchasing are fundamental practices for promoting sustainable transformation in public management. Therefore, the adoption of SCM practices in public procurement transcends a mere technical solution, becoming a strategic approach that supports the creation of more efficient, transparent, and sustainable governance, benefiting both public administration and society.
This study analyzes the influence of family income on the performance of Brazilian students in the National High School Exam (Enem) through a comprehensive longitudinal analysis of the exam editions since its creation in 1998. Given the centrality of Enem as both an instrument for access to higher education and a measure of the quality of basic education, the study also aims to understand the extent to which socioeconomic inequalities-particularly income-impact candidates' results over time. This is a descriptive, applied research with a quantitative approach and bibliographic foundation. Data science techniques and graphical visualization tools were employed using the Python programming language, allowing for comparative analysis of microdata made available by Inep. The results show a directly proportional relationship between income level and performance: higher-income students consistently achieve higher average scores across all analyzed editions. Although public policies such as Sisu, ProUni, and Fies have expanded access to higher education, income remains a strong indicator of educational inequality in Brazil. The study concludes that while Enem partially democratizes access to university, it still reflects structural disparities that must be addressed through more equitable and integrated educational policies. Finally, the study highlights the importance of open data in public policy formulation and suggests future research incorporating complementary variables to broaden the understanding of educational performance disparities.
Carpooling is an environmentally responsible alternative that uses digital platforms to optimize resources and offer economic, social, and environmental benefits in urban mobility. This study aimed to identify the reasons and barriers to the adoption of carpooling services among urban users and non-users, analyzing the influence of demographic factors. A quantitative and descriptive approach was used, with a sample of 51 respondents selected through snowball sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire on the Google Forms platform and analyzed using descriptive statistics techniques in MS Excel. The research showed that gender, particularly women, influences the adoption of the service. Barriers such as prejudice, lack of available rides, and scheduling inconvenience were identified as moderately relevant. Additionally, 22% of respondents reported negative experiences, such as delays and cancellations. The lack of exclusive options for women was a concern, and 86% suggested improvements in safety and communication. Sustainability was highlighted by 64% of users, mainly among younger generations, suggesting the need for educational campaigns. Therefore, it is concluded that gender and barriers such as safety, availability, and scheduling influence the adoption of carpooling services. The research contributes to the understanding of factors influencing the adoption of innovations in urban mobility, enriching the literature on carpooling consumption behavior in Brazil.
Female representation in senior management positions has been widely debated and studied in recent years, driven by increased educational opportunities for women, which contributes to theirgreater inclusion in large companies. Furthermore, the growing appreciation for diversity in organizations highlights the essential role of female participation in senior management positions, especially when associated with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Given the challenges related to gender equity and corporate sustainability, this study aimed to analyze female participation in senior management positions and their influence on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in companies headquartered in emerging markets. The research is descriptive in nature, with a quantitative approach, based on secondary data obtained from the Refinitiv database. The analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with panel data, covering the period from 2015 to 2023, in line with the launch of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The study population comprised 24,090 companies distributed across 24 emerging countries: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates, resulting in a final sample of 4,111 companies that submitted complete information for analysis. Descriptive statistics revealed important aspects of the variables analyzed. Regarding female participation, an average of 15.85% in management positions was observed, with significant variations between companies, highlighting that many still lack women in leadership positions. Analysis of the control variables showed that larger companies tend to have greater female participation in senior management positions and higher levels of ESG disclosure. The results demonstrated that the presence of women in senior management positions is positively associated with ESG performance, as well as with its three pillars-environmental, social, and governance-in certain control configurations. These findings reinforce the importance of gender diversity, particularly female participation, as a strategic factor for sustainable development in emerging economies. Suggestions for future studies include incorporating additional variables related to corporate sustainability, such as internal diversity policies, sustainable innovation practices, and climate governance.
This article aims to evaluate, through TOPSIS, the ranking of the 64 world economies regarding their global competitiveness performance between 2023 and 2024. Methodologically, the research is characterized as descriptive in terms of objectives, applied in terms of means, and quantitative in terms of its approach to the problem. The main results indicate a marked disparity in the level of competitiveness among the 64 economies analyzed, highlighting that the nations best positioned in the TOPSIS ranking, such as Singapore, Switzerland, and Denmark, have high performance in the dimensions of Business Efficiency, Governance, and Infrastructure. On the other hand, countries such as Venezuela, Argentina, and Mongolia are in the last positions, reflecting persistent structural challenges, such as institutional instability, low innovation capacity, and infrastructural deficiencies. The statistical analysis showed that Business Efficiency and Governance were the most volatile dimensions among the economies. The European and Asian continents showed greater consistency among the most competitive countries, while Latin America and Africa presented the greatest structural challenges.
In the social sciences, the evidence of the negative impacts of excessive consumption in urban environments, particularly in terms of deteriorating socio-environmental inequalities, is widely recognized and debated. These imbalances have been attributed, to a large extent, to the convergence between contemporary business models, based on extractive and linear logic, and the limited capacity for ecological regeneration in cities. The purpose of this study is to develop a meta-synthesis (MS) on urban management research based on qualitative case studies, with a specific focus on circular economy practices in cities. The methodological protocol underpinning the MS was applied to seven studies, allowing for a cross-sectional interpretation of their findings. The results suggest that the implementation of an urban consumption management approach based on circular economy principles can contribute significantly to urban sustainability and resilience. Consequently, a conceptual model aimed at strengthening urban public policies in this direction is proposed. It is concluded that current urban planning challenges require holistic, integrated and adaptive approaches that consider sustainable consumption practices as a central axis of intervention. Finally, the MS as a review technique has proven to be an adequate tool for the critical and proactive understanding of the circular economy applied to contemporary urban management and planning.
Social Management emerges as an alternative approach within Administration, bringing together various stakeholders around common goals to address collective challenges. This study aimed to map the international landscape of the field and identify its emerging challenges. To this end, a bibliometric analysis was conducted, following the PRISMA protocol, using the Web of Science and Scopus databases. After screening, the final sample comprised 34 articles. The results outlined a portrait of the publications, the conceptual framework, and proposed a research agenda. It was found that Social Management is still in the process of consolidation, facing theoretical and practical gaps, particularly regarding the translation of principles into effective actions. Thus, the need for advances that establish the field as a scientifically relevant area of social importance is highlighted. The main contributions lie in analyzing the development of the topic and proposing directions for future research, providing support to scholars interested in deepening the debate and strengthening the field.
Unrestrained consumption, fueled by capitalist and cultural standards, intensifies environmental and social impacts, making the current model unsustainable. Although sustainability reports can guide consumers towards informed choices, their reliability is often compromised by a lack of standardization and transparency, enabling greenwashing practices. This article explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) as a strategic tool to combat greenwashing and promote conscious consumption. AI, through machine learning algorithms and natural language analysis, allows you to identify inconsistencies in corporate environmental claims, reinforcing the transparency and authenticity of information. Furthermore, AI-based platforms can educate consumers, facilitating comparisons of products and services based on sustainability criteria. Despite challenges, such as algorithmic biases and the carbon footprint of computing systems, AI represents a powerful ally to transform consumer behavior, driving collective actions towards sustainable development.
Este estudo analisa a influência da renda familiar sobre o desempenho dos estudantes brasileiros no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem), por meio de uma análise longitudinal abrangente das edições do exame desde sua criação em 1998. Dada a centralidade do Enem como instrumento de acesso ao ensino superior e de aferição da qualidade da educação básica, também buscou-se compreender em que medida as desigualdades socioeconômicas, com ênfase na renda, impactam os resultados dos candidatos ao longo do tempo. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, de natureza aplicada, com abordagem quantitativa e fundamentação bibliográfica. Foram utilizadas técnicas de ciência de dados e visualização gráfica por meio da linguagem Python, permitindo a análise comparativa dos microdados disponibilizados pelo Inep. Os resultados apontam que há uma relação diretamente proporcional entre nível de renda e desempenho: estudantes de maior renda apresentam médias mais altas em todas as edições analisadas. Apesar de políticas públicas como Sisu, ProUni e Fies ampliarem o acesso ao ensino superior, a renda permanece como forte indicador de desigualdade educacional no Brasil. Conclui-se que o Enem, embora democratize parcialmente o acesso à universidade, ainda reflete disparidades estruturais que necessitam ser enfrentadas por meio de políticas educacionais mais equitativas e integradas. Por fim, o estudo destaca a importância do uso de dados abertos para a formulação de políticas públicas e propõe futuras pesquisas com variáveis complementares que ampliem a compreensão das desigualdades no desempenho educacional.
O presente artigo tem por objetivo avaliar por meio do TOPSIS o ranking de classificação das 64 economias mundiais referente ao desempenho de competitividade global entre os anos de 2023 e 2024. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva quanto aos objetivos, aplicada quanto aos meios e quantitativa quanto à abordagem do problema. Os principais resultados indicam uma acentuada disparidade no nível de competitividade entre as 64 economias analisadas, destacando-se que as nações mais bem posicionadas no ranking TOPSIS, como Cingapura, Suíça e Dinamarca, apresentam elevado desempenho nas dimensões de Eficiência nos Negócios, Governança e Infraestrutura. Por outro lado, países como Venezuela, Argentina e Mongólia figuram nas últimas posições, refletindo desafios estruturais persistentes, como instabilidade institucional, baixa capacidade de inovação e deficiências infraestruturais. A análise estatística evidenciou que Eficiência nos Negócios e Governança foram as dimensões mais voláteis entre as economias. Os continentes europeu e asiático mostraram maior consistência entre os países mais competitivos, enquanto a América Latina e a África apresentaram os maiores desafios estruturais.
A Gestão Social (GS) emerge como uma abordagem inovadora na área da administração, capaz de integrar múltiplos atores em torno de objetivos compartilhados para enfrentar desafios coletivos. Este estudo teve como objetivo mapear o panorama internacional de estudos sobre GS na Administração e identificar os novos desafios deste campo. Para tanto, foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática (RS) com análise bibliométrica, seguindo o protocolo PRISMA, nas bases de dados Web of Science e Scopus. Após a triagem dos artigos, a amostra final incluiu 34 estudos. Os resultados delinearam um panorama das publicações, a estrutura conceitual e uma agenda de pesquisa para o tema. Constatou-se que a GS ainda se encontra em construção, enfrentando desafios teóricos e práticos, especialmente no que tange à transformação de princípios em ações concretas, com vistas à sua consolidação como um campo científico de relevância para a sociedade.
O consumo descomedido, fomentado por padrões capitalistas e culturais, intensifica os impactos ambientais e sociais, tornando o modelo atual insustentável. Embora relatórios de sustentabilidade possam orientar consumidores para escolhas conscientes, sua confiabilidade é frequentemente comprometida pela falta de padronização e transparência, permitindo práticas de greenwashing. Este artigo explora o papel da inteligência artificial (IA) como ferramenta estratégica para combater o greenwashing e promover o consumo consciente. A IA, por meio de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina e análise de linguagem natural, permite identificar inconsistências em alegações ambientais corporativas, reforçando a transparência e autenticidade das informações. Além disso, plataformas baseadas em IA podem educar consumidores, facilitando comparações de produtos e serviços com base em critérios de sustentabilidade. Apesar dos desafios, como vieses algorítmicos e a pegada de carbono dos sistemas computacionais, a IA representa uma aliada potente para transformar o comportamento de consumo, impulsionando ações coletivas rumo ao desenvolvimento sustentável.
We analyze the influence of investment opportunities and other corporate governance mechanisms on forming the audit committee of listed companies. We conducted quantitative research on 100 public companies listed on the Brazilian stock exchange from 2017 to 2022. The econometric model chosen to test the hypotheses, considering the estimations in unrestricted and restricted form, was the logit for panel data with random effects. The results indicated that investment opportunities do not significantly influence the voluntary constitution of an audit committee. But there is a relation between the audit committee and the independence of the board, the size of the board, and the entrenchment effect.
As compras públicas representam um dos principais instrumentos pelos quais o governo direciona recursos para suprir as necessidades da população. No Brasil, a nova Lei de Licitações e Contratos Administrativos nº 14.133/2021, estabelece diretrizes que buscam modernizar e otimizar os processos de aquisição no setor público. Nesse cenário, a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos (SCM) se destaca como uma estratégia para identificar práticas que potencializam a eficácia nas atividades de compra. Em vista do exposto, a pesquisa, baseada em uma revisão sistemática da literatura, busca explorar como a adoção de práticas de gestão da cadeia de suprimentos pode aprimorar a eficiência, a transparência e a sustentabilidade nas aquisições públicas. A triagem dos documentos foi realizada nas bases Scopus, Science Direct e Web of Science, levando à escolha de 43 artigos de um total de 220 inicialmente identificados. A investigação revela que incorporar critérios ambientais e sociais, estabelecer uma colaboração eficiente com os fornecedores, digitalizar processos, realizar monitoramento contínuo e centralizar as compras são práticas fundamentais para promover uma transformação sustentável na gestão pública. Com isso, a adoção de práticas de SCM nas compras públicas transcende uma mera solução técnica, configurando-se como uma abordagem estratégica que apoia a criação de uma governança mais eficiente, transparente e sustentável, beneficiando tanto a administração pública quanto a sociedade.
A representatividade feminina em altos cargos de gestão tem sido amplamente debatida e estudada nos últimos anos, impulsionada pelo aumento das oportunidades educacionais para mulheres, o que contribui para sua maior inserção em grandes empresas. Além disso, destaca-se a crescente valorização da diversidade nas organizações, evidencia o papel essencial da participação feminina nos altos cargos de gestão, especialmente quando associada ao desempenho ambiental, social e de governança (ESG). Diante dos desafios relacionados à equidade de gênero e à sustentabilidade corporativa, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a participação feminina em altos cargos de gestão e a sua influência no desempenho ambiental, social e de governança (ESG) em empresas sediadas em países emergentes. A pesquisa é de natureza descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, fundamentada em dados secundários obtidos na base Refinitiv. A análise foi conduzida por meio de regressão linear múltipla com dados em painel, abrangendo o período de 2015 a 2023, alinhado ao marco do lançamento da Agenda 2030 da Organização das Nações Unidas. A população do estudo compreendeu 24.090 empresas distribuídas em 24 países emergentes, sendo eles: Brasil, Chile, China, Colômbia, República Tcheca, Egito, Grécia, Hungria, Índia, Indonésia, Kuwait, Malásia, México, Peru, Filipinas, Polônia, Catar, Arábia Saudita, África do Sul, Coreia do Sul, Taiwan, Tailândia, Turquia e Emirados Árabes Unidos, resultando em uma amostra final de 4.111 companhias que apresentaram informações completas para a análise. A estatística descritiva revelou aspectos importantes sobre as variáveis analisadas. No que se refere à participação feminina, observou-se uma média de 15,85% em cargos de direção e variações importantes entre as empresas, evidenciando que muitas ainda não possuem mulheres em posições de liderança. A análise das variáveis de controle mostrou que empresas de maior porte tendem a apresentar maior participação feminina nos altos cargos de gestão e níveis mais elevados de divulgação ESG. Os resultados demonstraram que a presença feminina nos altos cargos de gestão está positivamente associada ao desempenho ESG, bem como aos seus três pilares - ambiental, social e de governança - em determinadas configurações de controle. Tais achados reforçam a importância da diversidade de gênero, em especial, a participação feminina como fator estratégico para o desenvolvimento sustentável nas economias emergentes. Como sugestões para estudos futuros, propõe-se a incorporação de variáveis adicionais relacionadas à sustentabilidade corporativa, como políticas internas de diversidade, práticas de inovação sustentável e governança climática.
A carona solidária é uma alternativa ecologicamente responsável que utiliza plataformas digitais para otimizar recursos e oferecer benefícios econômicos, sociais e ambientais na mobilidade urbana. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar os motivos e barreiras para a adoção de serviços de carona solidária entre usuários e não usuários urbanos, analisando a influência dos fatores demográficos. Utilizou uma abordagem quantitativa e descritiva, com uma amostra de 51 respondentes selecionados por amostragem bola de neve. Os dados foram coletados por um questionário online na plataforma Google Forms e analisados com técnicas de estatística descritiva no MS Excel. A pesquisa demonstrou que o gênero, especialmente as mulheres, influencia a adoção do serviço. Barreiras como preconceito, falta de disponibilidade de carona e inconveniência no agendamento foram identificadas como moderadamente relevantes. Além disso, 22% dos respondentes relataram experiências negativas, como atrasos e cancelamentos. A falta de opções exclusivas para mulheres foi uma preocupação, e 86% sugeriram melhorias em segurança e comunicação. A sustentabilidade foi destacada por 64% dos usuários, principalmente entre as gerações mais jovens, sugerindo a necessidade de campanhas educativas. Sendo assim, conclui-se que o gênero e barreiras como segurança, disponibilidade e agendamento, influenciam a adoção da carona solidária. A pesquisa contribui para a compreensão dos fatores que influenciam a adoção de inovações na mobilidade urbana, enriquecendo a literatura sobre o comportamento de consumo de caronas solidárias no Brasil.
This study aimed to apply machine learning techniques to identify the profile of customers most likely to adopt Open Finance within a major Brazilian financial institution classified as S1 by the Central Bank of Brazil, meaning it holds assets equal to or greater than 10% of the national GDP or has international relevance. The research employed real, individual-level data, enabling the development of robust predictive models with high practical applicability. Five techniques widely recognized in the literature were evaluated: Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, and XGBoost. Among the models tested, XGBoost demonstrated the best performance, achieving an AUC of 0.90 and an Accuracy of 0.82. The most relevant predictor of Open Finance adoption was the customer’s digital profile, followed by individuals with income up to R$2,000.00 and/or investments up to R$5,000.00, and customers aged over 64. These findings offer valuable insights for financial institutions and policymakers by highlighting the importance of segmented communication strategies and digital inclusion.
This paper aims to explore the subject of work engagement, a condition so desired by organizations and human resources professionals for their workers. It is possible to see that this construct is seen in different ways within organizations-which aim for engaged workers-and within universities and research centers. In the latter, engagement is seen as a diffuse state of psychological presence at work. It involves a positive connection, sometimes affective, with the act of working, marked by energy, dedication and concentration on tasks. It is a construct that has fallen into common sense and, therefore, its meaning is commonly distorted. So that, in this manuscript, we chose to discuss the relationship between engagement and other organizational behavior constructs in order to present differentiations and similarities between them. Since the 2000s, when studies on the subject intensified, different authors have sought to establish theoretical-methodological bases for the topic, which, at times, diverge from each other. This paper seeks to demonstrate that, despite the Wilmar Schaufeli approach, a Dutch researcher, being dominant in studies in the area, including Brazilian ones, it is not the only perspective to look at the topic, and there are even authors who are critical of his elaboration. Therefore, in this theoretical article, we propose dividing studies on the topic into four different theoretical perspectives and proposing a conceptualization for the construct in order to enable the operationalization of subsequent empirical studies.
This study aims to unveil the research dimensions encompassing the themes of Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Games, building a comprehensive framework to guide the teaching-learning process in an educational context that integrates these areas. The originality of this work lies in presenting a frameworkwith five research dimensions on Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Games that have not yet been identified in the literature, providing a solid foundation for researchers, educators, and educational policymakers. A bibliometric analysis of 350 documents and a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of nine articles were conducted, highlighting publications by year, thematic area, and a network of emerging terms that integrate the themes of Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Games. An exponential increase in publications on these topics was observed over the past five years. Emerging terms identified in the literature include Entrepreneurship Education, Sustainable Development, Ecosystems, Gamification, Artificial Intelligence, and Game-based Learning. The developed framework offers a holisticview of the processes involved in teaching and learning, which, in turn, may inspire new theoretical approaches that consider the interactions between innovation, entrepreneurship, and the use of games as pedagogical tools. This study provides clear direction for educational policies aimed at preparing individuals to face the challenges of the contemporary world. Finally, the findings allow educational managers to implement training programs focused on developing interdisciplinary skills among educators.
The aim of this research is to identify the barriers and enablers that universities face in executing Technology Transfer (TT) processes. Data was collected through focus groups and workshops with officials from the Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) of 14 universities and a technical institute in Latin America and Europe. The results showed, on the one hand, that the main barriers to executing TT processes are: lack of budget or low budget, low commitment from top management, lack of prioritization between basic and applied research, and lack of institutionalized processes. On the other hand, the factors that enable transfer processes are: being part of an R&D network, having a unit responsible for these processes, providing support to faculty to disseminate their technologies in companies, promoting an entrepreneurial culture, student participation in spin-off companies, internal calls for prototyping, and tax incentives. It was not unexpected to find more barriers than incentives, but the first step is to turn barriers into enablers within universities. Furthermore, many of these barriers can be eliminated if the transfer processes are correctly defined and supported by an effective information system.
