激光具有较高的能量且单色性较好,因此被广为应用在弱光波前探测系统中.但激光的强相干性产生的像面散斑会造成CCD面阵上的光强无规律分布,导致波前重构质心算法的错误,进而降低波前像差探测的精度.分析了激光散斑降低波前探测精度的原因,并尝试用旋转散射体、多模光纤耦合及随机位相板等多种组合方法消除激光散斑,提升波前探测精度.评估几种方法对光强、光均匀性及消除散斑的效果进行对比分析、优化设计激光为光源的波前探测消散斑系统.最后利用随机位相板与多模光纤耦合的方法有效消除激光散斑,并进行消散斑前后的波前探测.该消散斑系统可有效消除激光散斑并提升波前探测精度,大幅提升了激光光源在自适应光学领域的应用性.
Spice is obtained from the seeds,buds,leaves,the root block or its extract processing of plants,with a pungent smell,volatile oil,spicy ingredients,and organic acid,fiber,starch grains,resin,mucous substances and other ingredients.Most of its flavor done from the distillation of essential oils,energy giving food to taste,increase appetite,help digestion and absorption.This paper reviewed the research progress of spices and extracts on antioxidant,food color protection and food preservation.Food products prone to spoilage and produce toxic and hazardous compounds,it discusses the effect of spice in improving food security.
This paper considers some scheduling problems of single machine and two parallel machines with deteriorating effect,learning effect and an availability constraint.In such problems,the actual processing time of a job depends not only on its basic processing time but also on its scheduled position and starting time.Moreover machines may be unavailable because of preventive maintenances and periodical repairs,namely,the machine availability constraint.Machine conditions are perfectly restored to its initial state after the maintenance activity.The objective is to minimize the total completion time.We study the case that the machine is unavailable at any time.We consider a single machine scheduling problem with only once maintenance.We also consider a two parallel machines scheduling problem in that one machine is unavailable.Two pseudo-polynomial dynamic programming algorithms are proposed to solve the above problems respectively.Specifically,we give a polynomial time optimal algorithm with O(n4)for the two parallel machines scheduling problem,in which one machine is unavailable at time zero and anther is always available.Finally,we give a numerical example to illustrate its calculation process.
In order to improve the health function of yoghourt,composite yoghourt was made by using watermelon juice,purple rice and defatted milk powder as materials.The effects of mixed fruit pulp,xylitol dosage,inoculation amount and proofing time on the quality of the composite yoghourt were investigated,and the optimum formula was decided through the orthogonal experiment and the sensory index of the product was evaluated.The results show that adding amount of the mixed fruit pulp had the greatest influence on the sensory evaluation,followed by xylitol dosage,inoculation amount and proofing time.The optimum formula for preparing the yoghurt was as follows:the ratio of watermelon juice and purple rice was 3∶1,the adding amount of the mixed fruit pulp was 40%,the xylitol dosage was8%,the inoculation amount was 5%,and when they were fermented for 4hthe quality of the produced yoghurt was best.
Thin-walled aluminum alloy casting shell has been widely used in aerospace and aviation,etc.Although machinability is good,it still has many disadvantages such as the complex structure,low hardness,poor rigidity,deformation easily during machining,and hard control for machining quality.So the machining of thin-walled aluminum alloy casting shell is a technological difficulty.To solve these problems,this article first make a brief description and analysis on the main factors causing deformation,which are residual stress,tool angle,workpiece clamping,and part material of parts.According to these deformation factors,technology requirements are supplied as following:the tool and its trajectory should be optimized to improve the machining quality and efficiency,such as choosing the proper tool material,increasing the rake angle and clearance angle、decreasing the friction of tool and workpiece when cutting and decreasing cutting stress;By making use of auxiliary facilities and the clearance of sequence process,stress can be released,so as to reduce deformation caused by machining process;Optimize fixture by making it to contact with part by surface to guarantee equal force and avoid deformation;The three elements of finish turning are limited,that is cutting depth,speed,and feed.Using the above technology can effectively reduce the deformation of aluminum alloy thin-walled shell,so as to meet the design requirements.
Aiming at Educational Administration System in digital campus,this paper presents a design idea based on VCT-EIS development mode of educational administration system,The model is made up of the view layer(V),management layer(CT)and database layer(EIS).This paper introduces the system's main function module,the structure and main module realization process.In this paper,according to VCT-EIS model,system can be divided into the presentation layer,business logic management layer and database.The presentation layer can realize the function of specific modules by using the request to capture and display the data.The business logic management layer uses function code corresponding to the SQL statement or stored procedure to build configuration files,and obtains the data in the database layer by performing a different SQL statements or stored procedures,then encapsulates the data into a JSON data which is returned to the presentation layer finally.The database layer builds the middle table,sets up the trigger or uses stored procedures,to ensure the correctness of the data logic.The three layer structures are independent of each other,so that making the system easier to be maintained.By using this system,users can reduce the complexity of the daily educational administration work,and finally realize convenient and efficient information educational administration.
In this paper,the crude rice bran polysaccharides as the material was studied that the removal of the rice bran polysaccharides protein in it by the mothed of Sevag,Trichloroacetic acid and Zinc acetate-Potassium ferrocyanide.The results indicated that the effect of removal protein by zinc acetate-the potassium ferrocyanide is better than the Sevag and trichloroacetic acid method,most of the protein is removed and protein removal rate is 87.9%,polysaccharides loss rate is17.5% by zinc acetate-the potassium ferrocyanide. Ultrafiltration technology was used to separate and purify Polysaccharide into three components.The three components were respectively named RBS- Ⅰ,RBS- Ⅱ,RBS- Ⅲ,and their polysaccharides yield were 43.1,38.5,18.7.The anti-oxidation of the three fraction polysaccharide was Screened,the result indicated that RBS- Ⅱ and RBS- Ⅲ activity are higher,and RBS- Ⅱ is the most significant.scavenging rate of superoxide radical was 25.7%,hydroxyl radical scavenging rate is 47.6,and the total antioxidant capacity is 81.4U/mL.
With the development of scientific and technological progressing,people take more and more attention to the food safety.The food allergies as the food borne disease has drawn attention of the masses of consumers,producers and researchers.In this paper the epidemiology of food allergies,the source of food allergies,the detection of food allergen and the risk control of food allergy factors were reviewed,based on the researches of food allergy in recent years.The stability study and the detection methods of allergic factors in food processing,and the present research situation,the pathogenesis has carried on the analysis summary.A new outlook was carried out based on the latest research achievements of the promulgated laws and regulations,and the factors of food allergy research work has made the future study of food allergies from food allergies or food appropriate annotation,that were the establishment of low sensitivity database and the Proper labeling of food allergy to control the risk of food allergy factors.
For training to adapt to the need of applied talents for the development of modern medicine,and cultivateing the students'independent clinical thinking ability and working ability,we use the applied talents training mode in the theory teaching process of English class,combining the basic theory study and ability training,highlight the cultivation of students'autonomous learning and found the problem,the ability to solve the problem.Through questionnaire survey and assessment the teaching result is analyzed.Results show that the medicine applied talents training mode teaching method has important significance in the medical clinical teaching to cultivate the medical student clinical thinking ability and the ability to solve practical problems.It is a worthy studying ways and means in cultivating applied medical talents.
In order to realize real-time monitoring of household security,this article based on the 3Gnetwork and Zigbee wireless communication technology to design a set of smart home remote control system,introducting a variety of sensor nodes,to achieve household interior equipment real-time monitoring.MMS and SMS through 3Gnetwork,the monitoring image and alarm information in a timely manner returns to the mobile terminal,and can be,in the mobile terminal,remote sending,receiving instructions,to realize remote intelligent control of household.This paper expounds the hardware and software of the control system based on Zigbee wireless networking method design and multiple household equipment.The experimental result shows that the design of the system can effectively realize the remote monitoring,with certain degree of security and practicality.
This paper proposes a new indoor localization method based on improved Kalman filter and genetic algorithm.Firstly,it makes use of conjugate gradient convergence method to calculate the steady-state Kalman filter gain value and the Riccati equation solution of discrete-time Kalman filter.The algorithm uses approximate autoregressive model to establish one-step prediction equation.All nonlinear equations can be translated into linear equations.This new method adopts Kalman filter to predict the possible location of the target at the next moment.It takes the location as center position and takes the range of predicted target coordinates as a template and establishes a neighborhood of point.It conducts fitness function based on euclidean distance formula.Center coordinates of the candidate area are regarded as parameter coding.It combines genetic algorithm through Taylor series to make further improvement on indoor location coordinates.Finally,experiment results show that this new method has a good stability and convergence speed,and can effectively eliminate the noise and get more accurate location coordinates.
Combining the PID superiority for constant linear systems and effective control of fuzzy controller for complex nonlinear systems,A fuzzy-PID arithmetic was applied in blind guiding robots to realize intelligent tracking and obstacleavoiding.The blind guiding robot used LEGO robot kit,obstacle-avoid link used ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles information,the controller collected obstacle information and robot speed information to realize obstacle-avoid by using fuzzy-PID arithmetic.Intelligent tracking used real-time tracking deviation and rate of deviation to modify the PID parameters.The recognition detection used infrared sensors.Final examples show that improved fuzzy PID control arithmetic can greatly increase the accuracy of obstacle avoidance and track accurately.
The designing experiment is an effective mean to cultivate the students'practical skill and innovation ability.The teachers'role in designing experiment affects teaching effect.They are also the protections to achieve the teaching goals.Designing experiment pays attention to students'autonomous learning,arouses students'enthusiasm,and stimulates students'interest.Therefore,during the course of experiment teaching,the teachers should pay attention to topic selection,organization,evaluation,etc.Topic selection should be targeted,to unify the knowledge and practice,and the hard and easy.Teachers act as coordinators of knowledge construction and topic selection of experimental subjects,directors and supervisors of students'learning.Teachers establish the assessment system which focuses on improving the comprehensive quality of students.Holding student seminars,questionnaire surveys and writing thoughts are effective ways to test teaching effect,in the teaching,teachers act as establishers of assessment system and evaluators of teaching effect.
Resent years,Langevin equation is used widely in the explanation of compound nuclear fission rate,and the problem of passing-over thermal potential is properly described by test particle multi-passing over saddle model,which gives more reasonable fusion rate at saddle.It can describe the nucleus fission phenomenon better.In the past work,thermal nuclear fission is simulated by one test particle multi-passing over saddle model,but the real fission process is more complicated.There are many impacts.In order to think over the influence of nuclear deformation,the coupling test particles multi-passing over saddle point is proposed to study the fission mechanism,comparing with the calculation before,thus more suitable fission rate is obtained.
It is an important part to find boundary points and to fit the boundary edge quickly in surface reconstruction,when surface are reconstructed by using the cloud data for the original model.An algorithm of fast search boundary was proposed in the paper.Firstly,to find Kneighbors of all spatial data points,and divided area measured into eight parts,and to judge whether there are data points in two adjacent parts,to improve search accuracy.The calculation method of a cavity radius was introduced based on the experimental data,and design steps are described,the running results of the algorithm are also given,the results were compared and analyzed ones.The search algorithm for boundary points were improved by eight parts method combined with K nearest neighbor,making its accuracy better and computing time shorter than the original four parts.The experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm of boundary extraction has high precision,fast running speed,especially in the concave area,the original model profile can be described more accurately,and provided high quality data for the boundary fitting.
General kalman filter estimation uses the minimum mean square error criterion to obtain the target estimation under the condition of linear Gauss.It adapts to the process and measurement belonging to linear-system,and its error is in accordance with a system of Gauss distribution.But in fact,many systems are nonlinear,it shows in the nonlinear state equations or nonlinear measurement equations.Kalman filter cannot be used in this case.The solution is to convert the nonlinear relationship into linear problem.In this paper,we introduce two schemes including extended kalman filter(EKF)and the unscented kalman filter(UKF)to make a comparison and analysis.EKF principle is similar to kalman filter.It uses the Taylor series expansion for the nonlinear function in the optimal estimation point and abandons the higher-order harmonics.So the nonlinear model can be changed into simple linearization;UKF takes deterministic sample based on unscented transformation(UT)using kalman linear filter framework.It has a good filtering performance for nonlinear system.The experiments show that not only UKF maintains the stability of the system but also improves the accuracy of system under the MATLAB platform when comparing with EKF.
Practical teaching is an important step for the cultivation of qualified and innovative talents of university.It is an important component and an effective index to compare the competitiveness among universities.The practical teaching of environmental major is very particular because of its interdisciplinary,comprehensive and complicated major characteristics.The students will have no advantage on competition in society if they have no professional experience and skills.The connotative meaning of training base out of university was discussed.Some problems of the training base construction were analyzed.The construction of training base in universities is not attached importance.The number and types of training base are not enough to meet the practical requirement and the relationship is not sustainable between the university and the training base.Some countermeasures were put forward.
In recent years,the authors went to Yunnan Province for collection and investigation,collected many of specimens of Muscidae,and during the process of examining specimens,discovered Phaonia villanafemale specimens for the first time;There is no description of Phaonia villana female specimens before,even in its original report,for this reason,the external morphorological characters and the figures of female terminalia were all given.Phaonia villanagroup originally belonged to Phaonia fuscata-group,but because of the radial node on ventral surface with hair,thus separated from the latter to build another group.Phaonia villana-group known three species in China:Phaonia fusciapicalis Feng et Ma,2002,Phaonia villana Robineau-Desvoidy,1830and Phaonia baoxingensis Feng et Ma, 2002.The specimens examined are all deposited in the Institute of Entomology,Shenyang Normal University.
Fertilizers play a relevant role in modern agricultural activities,among which the nitrogen fertilizers are at the top rank of fertilizer amount.The excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers has caused environmental pollutions, such as soil degradation,intensification of the greenhouse effect and decline of biodiversity,etc.The authors briefly reviewed the application of fertilizers in China,and the effects on soil,atmosphere,water,and forest ecosystem of nitrogen fertilizers.Furthermore,the influence of nitrogen fertilizer on pollution were summarized according to our experimental results with the toad(Bufo raddei).The application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly affects the egg hatching,tadpole growth and metamorphosis,and development of baby toad,indicating that water pollution caused by nitrogen fertilizer is one of important factors related to declines of amphibian populations.
Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis with the advantages of fast analysis speed,high accuracy and the simple process has been widely applied to many fields such as medicine and archaeology.The optimization design of detection optical path can decrease scattering background,reduce detection limit,improve resolution and detection efficiency,and enhance the peak-to-background ratio of characteristic X-ray to the instrument.Application of a self-made energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer with low detection limit and high-resolution,the optimization geometry layout design of optical path was established by detecting pure Cu elements characteristic X-ray.The experimental results showed the peak-to-background ratio of the characteristic X-ray was the best when the angle between X-ray tube and the sample,the sample and the detector were both 45°as well as the distance of X-ray tube to the sample and the sample to the detector were both 10mm respectively.When the Al-Pb collimator was installed in the optical path for the background measurement,the scattering of background and the detection limit of the instrument were reduced and the resolution and detection efficiency was improved greatly.It supplied the best solution for the design of the optimal optical path to analyze the trace and micro elements.
