This review, built upon the criticism receiver's harmony theory and incorporating the voices of the majority of English undergraduate students and English department professors at California State University, Northridge, and North Central University as its primary foundation, explores the two most prominent types of personal feedback in undergraduate English courses. It delves into their individual psychosocial effects, the teacher-student social dynamics these effects create, the consequences of these social dynamics on student learning, and the solution for these consequences found in video-recorded feedback. The author has identified these types as Form A and Form B. Form B focuses on assessments of task execution, whereas Form A consists of subjective comments about pupils' capacity for study. From the mentioned critical foundation, the author infers that there is a psychological balance that exists between the expectations of professional, impartial, and formal assignment comments and the view of teachers as formal, knowledgeable professionals. Students' crucial trust and understanding of their teachers' roles depend on whether the latter component is satisfied. When feedback doesn't meet the standards of the latter component, it casts doubt on teachers' identities and makes their authority questionable. Developmentally psychology-based cognitive dissonance appears, endangering the mentorship-centered connection and impeding the acquisition of technical and strategic skills. A thorough solution of video-recorded feedback is provided to address these problems. Teachers can convey commitment and knowledge by using this strategy, addressing identity-centered viewpoints, and capturing tone and gestures. It also offers a sophisticated communication pathway. Individualized, transparent, and coordinated feedback is made easier with the use of video feedback, improving psychological equilibrium. It humanizes the feedback process by promoting involvement, connection, and a supportive learning environment. It also acts as a tool for educators to reflect on themselves. This multifaceted approach demonstrates the potential to restore trust and understanding in the student-teacher relationship in undergraduate English education. Key words: Video-feedback, responding to writing, teacher feedback.
As one of the most famous works of Marlowe’s plays, Tamburlaine the Great implied the theme of distorting the orient images, particularly Muslims. The orientalist representation of Muslims in the Elizabethan stage was deliberately oriented against Islam. However, more than 50 literary works targeted Islam during the Elizabethan era. Tamburlaine the Great is considered an oriental play that targeted Islam horribly in a Western fashion to depict Islam as being based on cruel, offensive, and barbarian deeds. These horrible images were raised in western literary works after the Crusades as Part of the intellectual invasion; consequently, this research paper attempts to reveal the Greek depiction of Muslims in Tamburlaine the Great based on orientalism theory by Said. The authors reveal how Marlowe used his knowledge of Greek history to demonize the Muslim army and Islamic culture and depict them similarly to Greek myths and how his early skepticism and fallacies contributed to constructing a common ground for hostile ideologies targeting Islam, such as monstrosity and demonization of the other. Marlowe portrayed the Muslim army metaphorically as monsters such as Typhon and Hydra. He chose the negative side of the Greek myths to represent it as Part of Islam. The Islamic culture was also negatively represented as an imitation of Greek history. Moreover, Marlowe reinforced the Greek history, dictions, and beliefs on behalf of the Islamic culture so that Islamic culture was represented with ambiguity and falsifications to be inferior while the Western one was superior.
In order to tell China’s stories well, promote the Chinese voice, and show a true and comprehensive China, to enhance our capacities of international communication, our country has elevated its understanding of the regularities of international communication work to a new level. The authors recognize the close connection between the industries and propose that graduate students majoring in translation in the new era should focus on the practical requirements of international communication and actively adapt to the needs of global development. With the increasing number of institutions and students involved in the Master of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) program, there have been many challenges in its development; including talent cultivation mode, quality, and professional characteristics. This paper argues that, like other language education programs, MTI education should also consider language education planning. Based on a case study of the MTI granting program at a private university in Shanghai and using the language education planning theoretical framework proposed by Kaplan and Baldauf, the paper explores how language education policies in seven dimensions can achieve the goal of cultivating MTI talent with distinctive characteristics. Key words: Language education planning; MTI; talent cultivation.
Children’s literature is an indispensable educational tool that helps children develops essential competencies. It provides new knowledge about various life issues, enriches children’s vocabulary, offers emotional support, and enhances communication skills. Traditional children’s literature exposes children to circumstances they may face, such as stories of morality, education, ethics, and other realistic circumstances. However, current research shows a significant shift in children’s literature in the new millennium. This shift has been occasioned by changes in social conditions and beliefs, technological advancements, and globalization. The effective changes in children’s literature in the new millennium are evident in the emphasis on bold themes that are introduced through fantasy stories, realistic fiction, and classic stories. This review establishes how children’s literature in the new millennium introduces new revolutionary themes that put emphasis on issues such as gender equality and sex education, including transgender education. Hence this review is crucial because it assesses the literature in global and the Gulf Cooperation Council’s (GCC) children’s literature and provides recommendations for further research in the Arab context. It highlights the importance of how children’s literature in the new millennium should enable children to understand new social realities and promote moral values, and to tie them to modern educational needs. Key words: Arab children’s literature, children’s literature, the Gulf Cooperation Council, the new millennium, revolutionary themes.
Who are minorities? Who are street children? Are they important? Is there merit in understanding them? This chapter tried to address these cardinal issues. It is highly convoluted and intricate to arrive at a precise definition for minorities since, according to Wikipedia, it cannot be only comprehended in terms of demographic sizes within a specific population. It is interesting to note that previous studies revealed several definitions for street children. Although it is complex to offer precise definitions for minorities and street children, it must be acknowledged that there is a nascent body of research and literature. When this non-empirical research was undertaken, there was no tangible evidence to demonstrate a sound understanding of minorities and street children.
Translation serves as an effective bridge connecting multiple cultures and provides convenience for people from different countries to understand foreign cultures. This article aims to analyze the essence of literal translation and free translation from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics. It argues that translation activities need to start from the characteristics of the source language and the requirements of the target language, and select different translation methods based on different text styles. This approach can improve the efficiency of translation work, provide strong guidance for translation practice, promote the dissemination of various cultures, and make certain contributions to the development of foreign language specialties. Key words: Free translation, literal translation, functional perspective.
Many scholars refer to Montaigne and Zhuangzi as "skeptics" because of their opinions on ethics, religion and language.Therefore, a detailed study on their philosophical thinking is conducted in terms of the four branches of modern skepticism: ethical skepticism, linguistic skepticism, epistemological skepticism and sensory skepticism.Then, in order to determine whether Montaigne and Zhuangzi treat skepticism as an instrument or belief, the intentions of their writing are explored.
This paper examines the interconnectedness of masculinity and setting in African fiction by a close reading of Coetzee's Disgrace.The negative effects of subscribing to a single masculinity have been discussed in scholarly works since masculinity studies were given mainstream attention over two decades ago.However, the importance of setting to the formation of and subscription to masculine archetypes has not been carried over from men's studies (the sociological antecedent of literary masculinity studies) to masculinity studies.The author argues for the importance of setting to masculine identification by showing the ways the performance of masculinity changes based on differences in place and time.Specifically, this work analyzes the traumatic effects of the abrupt change of masculine performance on men due to the change of setting.
The English Language is widely used in nearly all countries around the world, and Tanzania is not an exception. Learning theories such as humanism, cognitivism, constructivism, and behaviourism are applied as a way to achieve the expected aims of English learning and teaching in Tanzania. This study aims to understand the challenges of using behaviourism theory in English language learning and teaching. This will be important for everyone involved in education, particularly English language teaching: Teachers, parents, textbook and/or supplementary book writers, syllabus designers, policymakers, education planners, and other educational stakeholders. This study opts to use a qualitative approach based on case study design to guide the study. The study used two instruments; a documentary review and an interview. The interview involved six primary teachers from different primary schools in Tanzania. The documentary review entailed reading various academic articles that contained information about behaviourism theory in English teaching. The finding indicates that challenges to using behaviourism theory in teaching English can be categorised into learner-based, teacher-based, and environmental-based. Learner-based challenges include such psychological problems as anxiety, which limit the application of key principles of behaviourism theory in teaching English. Teacher-based challenges include the ability of teachers, especially in the application of key principles of behaviourism theory in teaching English to primary school students in Tanzania. In conclusion, among other things, regular in-service training for primary school teachers, curriculum revision, and improvement of teaching and learning will be critical in minimising the challenges of using behaviourism theory in teaching English in Tanzanian primary schools. Key words: Behaviorism, second language, English teaching.
This study juxtaposes Ian McEwan's Solar and Helon Habila's Oil on Water to illustrate their areas of convergence and divergence concerning their portrayal of ecological discourse.Attention is paid, to how McEwan and Habila deploy characterisation (particularly of the main characters and female characters) to bring to the fore the overwhelming influence of socio-political and economic issues on ecological or environmental crises in the societies portrayed in the two narratives.The aesthetic and socio-political dimensions of ecocriticism are deployed in this study.In the same vein, the interplay of the socio-political and ethical dimensions has been investigated as well.Habila depicts women as victims of circumstances and females as representatives of problems in the postcolonial context while McEwan portrays them as a bad influence who inadvertently prevent men from saving the planet.Ironically, the same women are projected as objects to be used and discarded (in the same manner the natural world is exploited).In addition, Solar illustrates climate change issues and their effects on the planet though with an undertone of sociocentrism while Oil concentrates on the environmental vis-à-vis economic and social crises in the Niger Delta.It is also ascertained that what makes both texts invaluable for this study is the political and economic ties between the two major countries they are set in, as one is the former coloniser of the other.Significantly, both narratives are not apocalyptic.
One of the fundamental problems of the modern university is the artificial creation of departments which cuts up organic research fields and creates unnecessary divisions when cooperation and mutual learning would be called for. There are certainly differences in methodologies and theoretical concepts between archaeological anthropology, for instance, and literary studies (Humanities); but anthropology, ultimately, is nothing but the study of humanity in all of its manifestations. Even though literary scholars and anthropologists pursue diverse materials at a time, ultimately, their goals are virtually the same- the understanding of human culture, values, morals, and material conditions. This paper first reflects on these outdated and misguided administrative hurdles in our universities today, and then presents an exemplary case study of the love poems by the famous Middle High German poet, Walther von der Vogelweide (d. ca. 1220), to illustrate how much the literary analysis can fundamentally contribute to anthropological research. This also implies, of course, that literary scholars should draw from the parallel investigations by their anthropological colleagues. Keywords: Collaborative research, anthropology and the humanities, courtly love, Walther von der Vogelweide, medieval German literature.
