目的 探讨维持性血液透析患者自我管理能力水平现状及自我管理能力的影响因素,以便于提高患者自我管理能力.方法 采用便利抽样法,选取自2016年10月至2019年6月在本院血液透析室行维持性血液透析的患者80例,采用调查问卷、自我管理行为量表、家庭关怀度指数量表、自我感受负担量表进行测查.依据自我管理行为量表评分高低分为A组(评分>60分)、B组(评分≤60分),采用Pearson相关性检验确定相关性.结果 A组疾病透析时间、并发症发生程度显著低于B组(P<0.05);A组自我管理行为、家庭关怀指数评分均显著高于B组(P<0.05);A组自我感受负担评分显著低于B组(P<0.05).经Pearson相关性检验确定,患者家庭关怀程度与自我管理行为能力存在正相关性(P<0.05);透析时间、并发症严重程度、自我感受负担与自我管理行为能力存在负相关(P<0.05).结论 维持性血液透析患者自我管理能力与家庭关怀程度存在正相关性,与透析时间、并发症严重程度、自我感受负担水平呈负相关.在临床护理中,需要注重修复家庭关怀程度,减少并发症,并结合透析时间差异进行个性化护理干预.
目的 分析等速肌力训练对脑梗死偏瘫患者疗效评定效果,探讨其下肢功能间的相关性.方法 选取我院2017年7月至2019年7月收治的90例脑梗死偏瘫患者为研究对象,随机将其均分为研究组和对照组,对照组实施常规康复训练,研究组实施股四头肌和腘绳肌肌力训练,对比两组相同训练时间日常生活活动能力(Barthel)评分和下肢运动功能评分(Fugl-Meyer)的下肢功能评分、疗效与下肢功能的相关性.结果 研究组Barthel和Fugl-Meyer的下肢功能评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组步态对称性、步速、平衡功能及步行能力改善效果均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);左右步幅差、步速、平衡功能及步行能力之间均存在显著相关性(P<0.01).结论 脑梗死偏瘫应用等速肌力训练,可有效增强患肢膝屈伸肌群肌力,提高步态对称性、步速、步行能力及平衡功能恢复,促进回归正常生活和工作.
Objective:To discuss the effect of application of PBL teaching combined with clinical pathwayteaching method in the teaching of undergraduate nurses of emergency treatment.Methods: The undergraduate nurses (admitted to school respectively in the year 2010 and 2011) from the second military medical university coming to our department in 2013 and 2014 were divided into two groups, including control group composed of 25 undergraduate nurses (admitted to school in 2010) and experimental group composed of 27 undergraduate nurses (admitted to school in 2011).Traditional teaching method was adopted in the control group, and PBL teaching combined with clinicalpathway teaching method was adopted in the experimental group.Then, the student nurses from two groups were compared in academic performance, specialized skill level, abilities to discover, analyze, and solve problems, ability to communicate, and thirst for knowledge.Results: The student nurses from experimental group were superior to those from control group in academic performance and specialized skill level at the end of internship, and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0.05);the student nurses from experimental group were also superior to those from control group in abilities to discover, analyze, and solve problems as well as thirst for knowledge, and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusion: Through implementation of PBL teaching combined with clinicalpathway teaching method in clinical nursing teaching management of undergraduate nurses of emergency treatment, the thirst for knowledge of these student nurses could be stimulated, and they would be urged to actively explore and study, and cultivate their critical thinking, therefore, improving the clinical nursing teaching quality.
Objective:To investigate the effect of Orem self-care theory in the treatment of senile hip joint replacement. Methods:100 elderly patients of to-tal hip arthroplasty were randomly divided into experimental group and control group with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given regular nurs-ing,including peri-operation period nursing, psychological nursing, complication nursing and rehabilitation nursing. The experimental group was given Orem self-care theory based on regular nursing. Different nursing and health education was implementing according to the health needs and the course of disease in different patients. Results:Compared with those in control group,the complication rate of retention of urine,lower extremity venous thrombosis and infection was much lower than comparing group,there was significant statistics meanings (P<0. 05). The ADL scores,satisfaction and Harris score was sig-nificantly higher than the control group,there was statistics meanings (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Applying the Orem self-care mode in senile patients under-going artificial total hip replacement could reduce the complication rate,improve self-care ability and improve the function of hip joint. At the same time, it could promote the communication between nurses and patients,improve nursing satisfaction and achieve a good nursing effect.
高度恶性黑色素瘤主要发生于皮肤,也发生于不同部位的黏膜及部分实质器官,在眼部好发于脉络膜[1-4],发生于结膜者文献报道甚少.结膜恶性黑色素瘤是一种少见的潜在致命性肿瘤,多发生于40～60岁成年人,主要有三种来源:原发性交界痣或复合痣,原发性获得性黑色素沉着症等.本病大约占眼部恶性肿瘤的2％[2,3].我科收治1例结膜恶性黑色素瘤患者,在全麻下行左眼眶内容物剜除术,经精心护理,取得满意疗效,现报道...
Objective: To analyze the effective of the nursing intervention of the treatment compliance on patients with esophageal cancer.Methods:Fifty-five patients with esophageal cancer were divided into two groups randomly.Conventional nursing was taken in the control group and the nursing intervention was additionally done for the intervention group.Treatment compliance comparison was made after the intervention.Results:Compliance of respiratory function training,compliance of early stage limb function and compliance of perioperative period diet of the intervention group all superior to the control group(P0.05).Conclusion:The nursing intervention combined informed intervention,family support intervention and the behavior intervention was effective on the improving treatment compliance of patients with esophageal cancer.
护理缺陷是指在医疗活动中造成患者人身损害的医疗事故及其他医疗护理差错或缺点[1].护理工作的特殊性质决定了护理活动具有很高的风险性.在护理活动中,护士必须认真地对待每一个患者和每一项操作,稍有疏漏,就有可能在护理过程的某个环节上出现问题,导致护理差错或事故发生,使患者遭受不应有的不良后果,构成了护理缺陷.能否正确认识、预防和处理这些护理缺陷,使护理缺陷消灭在萌芽状态,是提高护理质量的根本保证.
社区护理起源于公共卫生护理,在20世纪70年代由美国的露丝·依思曼首次提出.社区护理是综合应用了护理学和公共卫生学的理论与技术,借助有组织的社会力量,以社区为基础,以人群为对象,以服务为中心,对个人、家庭及社区提供连续、动态的和综合的服务[1-11].作为公共卫生服务网络体系中的网底,社区护理在公共卫生服务中发挥着基础性作用.随着社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高、人们的平均寿命延长、婴儿死亡率明显下降、人口持续增长,老年病及慢性病的问题等日益突显出来,但由于我国社区护理起步较晚,某些机制不够完善,导致其发展速度缓慢,服务内容不够全面,已不能满足人们的日常需求,故发展社区护理已迫在眉睫.本文综述如下.
目的:应用舒适护理措施,解除肾癌根治术患者术后不适,促进患者舒适.方法: 将80例患者根据住院日期分为对照组和观察组.对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用常规护理加舒适护理措施.结果:两组患者术后疼痛程度比较经检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者在舒适度和满意度的比较经检验均有显著性差异(P<0.01).结论: 舒适护理模式可以减轻肾癌根治术患者疼痛程度,增加舒适度和满意度,促进患者早日康复,促进护患关系和谐.
我院于2008年9月组建了涉外病房,针对护理对象的不同,科室把满足外籍患者的需求作为涉外护理的工作宗旨.我们在外籍患者入院前认真研究他们的病历资料,学习各国的风俗、地域文化.入院后与患者面对面的详细交谈,收集相关资料,深入了解患者的不同需求后,根据马斯洛需要层次论对患者分阶段、分层次地提供护理服务,取得满意效果,现报道如下.
小儿先天性心脏病(先心病)的发生率占出生活婴儿的7%～10%[1].我国每年新生儿中约有10～15万患有先心病[2].对先心病的手术治疗,其手术成功率,除与手术技巧、体外循环转流水平的提高与改进有关外,术后监护技术不容忽视.其中术后患儿呼吸道的管理是及早撤掉呼吸机,尽早转出ICU,尽早康复的关键.本文对我院2009年9～12月在ICU行先天性心脏病术后监护的140例患儿呼吸道管理的经验进行总结,...
蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)系由于脑表面或实质的血管发生病变、破裂而使血液流入蛛网膜下腔[1].常见的病因为颅内动脉瘤、脑血管畸形、颅内肿瘤等.患者可因大量出血、再出血和并发脑血管痉挛而死亡,其致死、致残率高,预后差.临床上常采用Hunt-Hess分级[2]对患者病情进行评估,给予相应的治疗,预测患者预后.本科自2007年1月～2008年1月收治SAH患者81例,针对蛛网膜下腔出血的各种护理问题,采取积极的应对措施以减少再出血和脑血管痉挛的发生,获得了良好的效果,现报道如下.
Objective:To raise the level of nosocomial infection surveillance and reduce the rate of underreport.Methods:Using a retrospective survey to hackle the reasons of hospital infection underreport and then to discuss the solutions.Results:The underreport rate of hospital infection in 2007 and 2008 were 36.95% and 33.03% respectively.In January to September of 2009,the underreport circumstances of nosocomial infection was improving gradually and the rate of underreport was 16.30%.Conclusion:By strengthening the organizational guidance and full participation in the management,stepping up publicity and education as well as professional training in infection control,perfecting bylaw and mending work-flow,strengthening real-time control and infection target detection,enhancing microbial detection and the rational use of antibacterial.Those five-combination can reduce the rate of the infection underreport and finally achieve the control goal of the nosocomial infection.
Objective:To figure out the method and effection in surgical nursing teaching by using interactive teaching method.Methods:Select two classes and randomly divided into experimental class and control class,the control class use traditional classroom teaching method and the experimental class use interactive teaching method,and then carry out questionnaire survey and closed book examination after courses.Results:The courses evaluation,the average results and subjective question results of experimental class are clearly higher than the control class(P<0.01).Conclusion:Using interactive teaching method in surgical nursing teaching do benefit in increasing students's interesting,promoting well communication between teacheres and students,training students's clinilal thinking,innovation consciousness and training the capacity of analysis and slove problem,also increase knowledge absorption rate.
Objective:To protect peripheral veins of patients who suffered from tumor and received chemotherapy in order to relieve their pain caused by repetitive puncture and prevent phlebitis and other harmful consequence induced by chemotherapy.Methods:By taking puncture or venotomy at the interjunction of middle-lateral 1/3 of the clavicle in operating room,the aqueduct was sent to superior vena through the subclavian vein,then the aqueduct and injection bag were connected through subcutaneous tunnel and embedded subcutaneously.Results:35 transfusion ports were embeded subcutaneously,so minimize the influence.Conclusion:Embedded venous transfusion port can be embedded for life and with long maintaining interval time.It doesn't need anticoagulant and related nursing is convenient and causes low infective rate,so minimize the influence on patient's daily life and improve the quality of lifeof patients with tumor.
Objective:Discussion the relationship between system nursing intervention and reduce readmission with chron heart failure patient.Methods:80 patients from May 2008-May 2010 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,40 patients in each group.The control group given normal nursing,and the intervention group given system nursing intervention.The two groups were observed and compared the quality of life of patients before and after intervention,BNP levels and the left ventricular systolic function(LVEF),and the readmission rate,etc.Results:There was remarkable effect after implement system nursing intervention 1 month,the quality of life in the intervention group was significantly higher in patients,BNP levels in patients with the intervention group than the control group decreased,the value of the intervention group than the control group increased LVEF,intervention group were 3 months readmission rate was significantly lower than control group.Conclusion:Systemic nursing intervention can improve patient knowledge levels of disease,and improve quality of life and reduce the readmission rate.
门诊是医院的重要组成部分,是医疗工作的第一线,是面向社会的主要窗口[1].而预检分诊又是患儿就诊的第一站.门诊预检分诊是否准确、及时,不仅涉及病人能否得到快速有效的诊治,也直接反映了门诊的管理水平和预检护士的能力[2].我院是一所三级甲等儿童医院,日接诊患儿1 500人次.且患儿及家长大多来自农村,相对分科越来越细的儿童医院,大多数家长显得无所适从.又适逢最近两年手足口病在我国大范围爆发和200...
利福霉素是一线抗结核病药,属半合成广谱杀菌药,对结核分枝杆菌有杀菌作用,为暗红色的澄明液体.而左氧氟沙星主要作用机理是通过抑制细菌DNA旋转酶的活性,阻止细菌DNA的合成、复制,导致细菌死亡,具有广谱抗菌作用,抗菌作用强,适用于敏感革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌引起的呼吸道、消化道、泌尿生殖系等的感染,为淡黄绿色的澄明液体.笔者在为患者进行静脉输液过程中发现沈阳双鼎制药有限公司生产的利福霉素(商品名...
目的:探讨前列腺电切术后患者的护理方法.方法:对我院泌尿外科200例经尿道前列腺电切术患者的围术期的护理进行总结.结果:200例患者均康复出院,出院时排尿通畅,无不良护理并发症.结论:经尿道前列腺电切术护理重点是术前对患者进行心理护理及健康宣教,术后保持导尿管的通畅,稀释性低钠血症及继发性出血的观察与护理,并做好出院指导.
目的:探讨聚桂醇治疗血管瘤的效果.方法:用聚桂醇按病变的部位、大小、类型、患儿的年龄等选用不同的剂量、浓度进行注射治疗.常规消毒后用1 ml注射器、5号针头,针尖刺入瘤体内,上下左右四点与皮肤平行沿瘤体的边缘进针,缓慢推注硬化剂0.5～1 ml,注射拔针后局部用无菌纱布敷料压迫5 min,使药物在血管瘤内充分作用.每周1次,至瘤体全部脱落为止.结果:本组48例患儿中特效18例,显效22例,有效7例...
