Background: Researchers are continuously developing various implant site development techniques to improve the predictability of implant restoration. The bone expansion from osteotome is a simple technique to improve the bone width, and is mainly applied to maxillary bone. It enables the dentist to select the optimum implant location and orientation for better functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. Case Presentation: A male patient of 30 years of age with history of tooth extraction nine weeks before due to non-restorable carious tooth destruction, reported to our department of Prosthodontics wanting to replace missing 11 and 16. Clinical examination of the extracted site with digital palpation, bone mapping showed the deficient bone width in both the region for the adequate implant size and buccal soft tissue concavity in the lateral incisor region. Bone mapping revealed the underlying bone was deficient in width by 1-1.5 mm for 3.4-3.8 mm diameter implant placement. Following conventional Panoramic, peri-apical radiographs, initial clinical examinations dental implants were advised with bone expansion by osteotomes. Conclusion: The osteotome techniques are a predictable, simple alternative to complex augmentation techniques to place an implant in case of bone atrophy. The bone expansion technique is limited to maxillary the bone, with bone width deficient less than 3 mm. Since it is a single stage surgical procedure, it is advantageous for the patient for early prosthetic replacement.
Background: Intraosseous ganglion cysts are rare causes of hand and wrist pain. Differential diagnosis of painful cystic radiolucent carpal lesions includes osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma. Isolated cases of ganglion cysts occurring in the lunate, scaphoid, pisiform, hamate, triquetrum, capitate, metacarpal, and phalanx have been reported. Case Presentation: A case of intra-articular intraosseous ganglion cyst of the scaphoid is presented. A 32-year-old right-handed man presented with a 2 year history of progressive left-wrist pain. No history of trauma was reported. Conservative treatment with anti-inflammatory medications before referral was unsuccessful. This case was treated with curettage and bone grafting having excellent results with visual and analog pain scores reduced from 68 to 11 and range of motion was 90° extension to 80°flexion and full grip strength. Conclusion: Cases of intraosseous ganglions are reported in literature mostly in lower limbs and lunate among carpals, with scaphoid being a rare site of the involvement. In this report, we described a symptomatic case which was successfully treated by intralesional curettage, and autogenous bone grafting.
Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is common in both developing and developed countries. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to identify the prevalence of herbal use among patients, factors associated with herb use, the most common herbs used, medical conditions for herb use and factors that might affect herbal use among patients. Methods: The study was carried out on 300 patients attending two primary health care centers at Fanara village, Ismailia, Egypt. Study population was allocated randomly using a systematic random sample. A structured questionnaire consisting of three sections was designed to fulfill the study objectives: personal and socio-demographic characteristics, background knowledge of herbal use and exploring the belief towards herbal therapy. Results: The prevalence of herbal medicine (HM) use was 76.7%. The most frequent herb used by participants was peppermint (32.6%), the most common indications of herbs were respiratory problems (47.3%) and the most common method of use was boiling. About 71% were of the opinion that herbs were beneficial for health and knowledge of herb usefulness was significantly related with all sociodemographic characteristics except for family size, income and smoking status. A statistically significant relationship existed between previous herbal use and old age particularly at the age of ≥50 (p<0.001), and ex-smokers were significantly related to herbal remedies (p=0.02). Employment status was significantly related to previous herbal use (88.1%) (p=0.004). Conclusion: Beliefs of safety of HM were significantly associated with education (high; p=0.03), job (employee; p=0.01), smoking (current smokers; p=0.01) and health insurance coverage (uncovered; p=0.02).
Aim: Rapid lowering of blood glucose has been suggested to accelerate the progression of retinopathy in pregnant diabetic women.We examined the relationship between the degree of glycemic control or the fluctuations in blood glucose and the course of retinopathy in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Retrospective analysis of glycemic parameters and severity of retinopathy of 49 sets of two trimesters in 38 women with type 1 diabetes mellitus documented with seven standard field stereo fundus photographs.Results: Retinopathy progressed in 18(36.7%)sets of two trimesters.Age, duration of diabetes, White classification, hypertension and gravidity were not significantly correlated with changes in severity of retinopathy.Base-line HbA1c was significantly higher in the progression group (P=0.003).The magnitude of the decreased in HbAc1 from base line was greater in the progression group (P=0.04).Logistic regression model was used to determine the influence of several risk factors in describing the change in severity of retinopathy between visits.Base line higher HbA1c was the only significant variable in describing progression (P=0.01).Base line higher HbA1c was associated significantly with the development of soft exudates (P=0.02) and soft exudate/IRMA (P=0.01).No statistically difference was found between base line means, standard deviation of the means of the blood glucose levels of each five measurements during the day or the standard deviation of all of the blood glucose levels in the groups and individual lesions analysis. Conclusion:Poor glycemic control early in pregnancy and the magnitude of improvement in glycemic control rather than the fluctuations in the blood glucose levels may be critical in the progression in diabetic retinopathy.
Background: Medullary thyroid cancer is a neuroendocrine tumor originating from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid which secrete calcitonin. MTC accounts for approximately 4% of all clinically detected thyroid malignancies. The prevalence of occult MTC in the general population is not well established. Case Presentation: We describe a rare patient with occult sporadic MTC who presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and an asymptomatic mediastinal mass and elevation of calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Conclusion: Our practice is to recommend basal calcitonin testing for thyroid nodule patients with increased risk of MTC, including those with a family history of MTC, with a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism or pheochromocytoma, or symptoms of flushing or diarrhea.
Herbal cosmetics are formulated, using different cosmetic ingredients to form the base in which one or more herbal ingredients are used to cure various skin ailments. The name itself suggests that herbal cosmetics are natural and free from all the harmful synthetic chemicals which otherwise may prove to be toxic to the skin. Compared to other beauty products, natural cosmetics are safe to use. Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic-pharmaceutical hybrid products intended to improve the health and beauty of the skin by providing a specific result, ranging from acne-control and anti-wrinkle effects, to sun protection. Cosmeceuticals have medicinal benefits which affect the biological functioning of skin depending upon type of functional ingredients they contain. These are cosmetic products that are not just used for beautification but for different skin ailments. These products improve the functioning/texture of the skin by boosting collagen growth by eradicating harmful effects of free radicals, maintains keratin structure in good condition and making the skin healthier. There are numerous herbs available naturally having different uses in cosmetic preparations for skincare, hair care and as antioxidants. The current review highlights importance of herbal cosmetics, the herbs used in them and their advantages over the synthetic counterparts.
Background: Equine amnion mesenchymal stem cells (EAMSCs) from amnion isolated aft er the foal birth represented an alternative source of easy collection of mesenchymal cells used in equine regenerative medicine.Materials and Methods: Th ese cells grown as two-dimensional (2-D) culture in alpha modifi ed minimum essential medium supplemented with epidermal growth factor were diff erentiated in adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic cells.Half a million cells as pellet were left in 15 ml tubes with the same diff erentiation media for 20 days.Aft er the pellets were collected, embedded in paraffi n for morphological study.Results: 2-D culture showed EAMSCs with an embryonic phenotype (C-kit+, CD105+, Oct-4+) and a diff erentiation potential in adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic multipotent cells.By a reproducible method of three-dimensional (3-D) culture, at day 20 the Authors evidenced a formation of small aggregated spheroids gradually gathering.In cross sections, the surface of the spheroid evidenced fl attened cells embedded in a red matrix by Alizarin staining and occasionally a core of calcium precipitation.A network of apoptotic or necrotic cells in a not mineralized matrix was present into the center of nodules.Th e 3-D spheroids appeared larger (mean diameter of 605 ± 53 μm for gathering spheroids and 1486 ± 79 μm for spheroids already gathered) than those from standard monolayer cultures (mean diameter of 200 ± 73 μm).Conclusions: EAMSCs cultured in 3D method preserve their in vitro multipotent diff erentiation than adherent 2-D culture method.Th ese EAMSCs included in the extracellular matrix not mineralized at day 20 seem to be a good source of MSCs for tissue repair and regeneration in equine medicine.
Background: Lack of typical cytological features of Warthin’s tumor (WT) on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) added by presence of atypical features in the form of metaplastic or atypical squamous cells on a necrotic background may mimic carcinoma leading to pre-operative diagnostic dilemma. Case Presentation: An interesting case of WT in a 53 year old female is being reported with a history of sudden increase in the size, along with evidence of level I and II lymph nodes on CT scan. FNAC prompted a diagnosis of WT with florid squamous metaplasia with low grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma as a differential diagnosis. Histopathology confirmed the diagnoses of WT with vast areas of florid squamous metaplasia and focal areas showing mucinous metaplasia. Conclusion: Awareness of potential source of erroneous diagnoses, especially the squamous component of the lesion coupled with awareness of typical features of the lesion may result in higher accuracy rate thereby helping in proper management.
Introduction: Raising diagnosed cases of autism demands special care for the children from their parents. There exist limited awareness among parents in Indonesia society, especially with regard to their oral health. Therefore this study aims to assess the oral health related knowledge, attitude and behavior of the parents; and oral health status of their autistic children in comparison with non-autistic children. Materials and Methods: Total of 56 children (23 autistic and 23 normal) between 7 and 12 years were included in this study. Data on parents’ knowledge, attitude, oral health practice and behavior of their children were gathered from the questionnaires. The oral health status of the children was recorded using decayed, extracted missing and filled tooth (deft) and decayed, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT) caries index. All the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 13 to correlate the index of the sample. Results: Chi-square test for parental practice of timings of brushing and management of toothache versus DMFT index in autistic children were significant. In the control group deft index versus parental reasoning for not consulting the dentist for their child’s toothache problem was significant. Mann–Whitney test showed “e” component of deft index for primary and all components of DMFT index for permanent teeth ass statically significant. Conclusions: There is need of greater awareness to be spread among the population of Indonesia about the existing professional help for the special children and educate the parents to maintain their child’s oral health for a better general health.
Objective : To compare prevalence of major risk factors for heart diseases among males and females admitted at Karachi Institute of Heart Diseases (KIHD), Karachi. Methods : This was a Cross sectional, Descriptive study conducted at KIHD, during June 2010 – September 2010. Total 302 patients were included in study by Convenient Sampling Technique. Patients of known Cardio Vascular Diseases [CVDs] admitted in general or private wards of KIHD were recruited regardless of any age, gender or race. After taking informed consent patients were asked in their mother tongue about different risk factors of CVDs like Hypertension, Diabetes, Family history of premature [<50 years] Coronary Artery Disease [CAD], Smoking, Smokeless tobacco, Prior history of Coronary Heart Failure [CHF] or Myocardial Infarction [MI], Renal failure and Chronic Lung Disease [CLD]. All data was entered and analysed thorough SPSS v 16. Results : A total of 302 patients were observed among them 150 (49.7%) were males and 152(50.3%) females. Mean age and (±SD) for male and female was 55.97 (±10.84) and 56.15(±12.04) respectively. Hypertension (77.6%, P <0.001), Diabetes Mellitus (48%, P 0.007), and CLD (13.2%, P 0.002) were more prevalent in females, whereas cigarette smoking (44%, P <0.001) was more prevalent in males. The prevalence of angina pectoris was significantly higher in both genders as it was found in 83(55.3%) males and 91(59.9%) females (p 0.425), but unstable angina was more common in females 56(36.8%) and stable angina 48(32%) in males (p 0.028). About 68(45.3%) males had an episode of Myocardial Infarction (MI) in contrast to 49(32.24%) females (p 0.019), which showed that male gender has higher rate of MI incidence. No considerable difference was found for family history of CAD, consanguine marriages, prior history of CHF and renal failure. Conclusion : Hypertension was most prevalent risk factor in both genders but predominantly affect females challenging pre existing beliefs. Therefore measures should be taken to increase awareness of CVD in both males and females.
Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is used as an indispensable treatment approach for cancer therapy as an adjuvant or alone for definitive option. For early stage endometrial cancer, RT is applied after operation as an adjuvant. Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PCALCL) is a type of lymphoma which is seen rarely and has excellent prognosis with accurate treatment. It is another indication for RT. Developments in the diagnosis and the treatment of PCALCL have improved the disease prognosis and outcomes. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 55-years-old patient who had endometrial cancer and PCALCL, whose 9 years follow-up period was excellent with no recurrences and no metastasis. The outcome was achieved with the combination of surgery and RT. Conclusion: The presented case is important for long follow-up duration with no metastasis and/or no recurrences with single RT usage in both primary cancers. Single RT applications may be considered as an initial treatment option for surgically excised PCALCL with excellent outcome.
