Novel binuclear copper(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) transition metal complexes of tridentate Schiff base ligands (1-hydroxyethyl-2-iminoisonitroso acetophenone (L 1 H 2 ) and 2-hydroxyphenyliminoisonitrosoacetophenone (L 2 H 2 ) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1 H NMR spectroscopy, thermal analyses and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The Schiff bases and some of the metal complexes have been shown that they exhibit some antibacterial activities.
The primary purpose of this research was to determine problems encountered by dairy farms in Konya province and to develop solutions for these problems. The data used in the research was obtained through questionnaire technique from 125 dairy cattle enterprises which were determined with stratified random sampling method on a voluntary basis. The main subjects covered by this study included socio-economic characteristics of farmers, management practices, recent changes in the number of dairy animal sand their reasons, factors to be considered in milking, keeping farm records, and problems encountered in dairy farming. In the region the most critical problems encountered in dairy farming can be listed as the high forage prices and absence of milk in cold chain. In order to develop dairy farming enterprise owners are required to produce forage crops on their own, integrate produced milk into the cold chain and lower forage prices to reasonable costs. Furthermore by providing trainings to the enterprises from specialists (veterinaries, zoo-technicians, agriculture economists, agronomists) assigned from private or public sector, relevant seminars should be provided on animal husbandry, animal care, feeding, fight against diseases, milking and hygiene, record-keeping in enterprises, animal insurance, procurement of input under favorable conditions and marketing ideas.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of waste polyethylene (WPE) on thermal conductivity of oriented strand boards (OSBs) panels. Thermal conductivity properties of OSBs was determined at the various levels addition of WPE based on the oven-dry strand weight, and also, it was calculated effects of WPE on this properties. All of test panels were bonded with phenol-formaldehyde resin at (6%) with three-layers. Strands were used for the production of test panels made up 50% of core layer and 50% of outer layers. Test panels were pressed in 9 min., 40 kg/cm 2 press pressure and 185±3°C press temperature. The manufacturing parameters were a specific gravity of 0.65 g/cm 3 and WPE content (0/100, 10/90, 20/80, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50 by wt.% of WPE/wood strand). It has been proven that the thermal conductivity value was negatively affected by using WPE in manufacture of OSBs.
It is known that the energy is essential for the expansion of any country. The Load flow analysis is a technique used to determine the characteristics of the power system under stable conditions and to evaluate the various operating states of an existing system. In this paper, Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) was used. ETAP can be used to calculates bus voltages, currents, branch power factors and power flows throughout the electrical system. ETAP allows us to swing, voltage regulated, and unregulated power sources with multiple power grids and generator connections. With ETAP’s advanced Load Flow module, also create system model and validate with ease and obtain accurate and reliable results. In this research, was selected an experimental system for example a city where a national network connected with four distributed generation. This distributed generation was operated depending upon solar energy, wind power, Hydroelectric and natural gas. In the normal case, the national network operates in parallel with the solar station and the wind station to feed all loads in the city. But, in the case of national network outage from city, only feed task loads in the city in island mode through these four distributed generation. With priority given to the work of the stations, the stations operates at the least cost of operating condition. Load flow analysis can be done for the two cases mentioned above. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Load Flow Analysis module, and to provide instructions on how to run a load flow study.
Dentists are confronted with musculoskeletal disorders because of failure to comply with ergonomic principles, proper body mechanics and the unavailability of deviations from the natural stance, long and irregular working hours, irregular work schedules and stress. In this case, business efficiency, business performance and health of employee, quality life of employee are influenced negatively. In this study, work postures, repetitive movements and deviations from the natural working position for the dentist are analyzed by using ergonomic analysis method. Results of ergonomic analysis are evaluated by statistically so risk is identified. Risk reduction suggestions and necessary corrective actions are proposed in order to develop a continuous improvement. Results show that the dentists complain about the musculoskeletal system for the neck, back, shoulder and waist. There is no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between age groups, work experience and impact score. Females have greater impact score than males. There is no statistically significant difference to mean of RULA scores (p>0.05). The risk group is determined that is in moderate risk.
This paper discusses the applicability of Bayesian multinomial logistic regression model on the prediction of happiness of Somaliland youth by two variables; age and educational level. It presents two approximate methods on multinomial logistic regression estimation; classical method and Bayesian method or Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), to obtain the marginal posterior density for the parameters. A comparison of these two methods is carried out to determine the usefulness of Bayesian method on multinomial logistic regression estimation. R and WinBUGS (Bayesian Inference using Gibbs Sampling) programs have been used to fit the model. As both of these two methods have suggested; happiness increases with educational level and decreases with age. In addition, it is also shown that Bayesian Multinomial logistic regression is useful in direct computations and it produces very accurate approximations to the posterior density.
In our country, in rural and urban areas a significant portion of the existing structure was built as a masonry structure. The most important reason of prefer is easy supply of building materials. But despite widely available in our country, behavior of masonry structures against earthquakes is adequately understood. Therefore, knowledge of earthquake behavior of existing masonry structures and the development of strengthening methods is an important issue. About of strengthened masonry structures is need effective and economical. Especially behavior under the influence of lateral loads of masonry structures need to be examined. Behavior and strength of reinforced brick walls with the application of dry mix shotcrete on steel mesh were experimentally investigated in this study. In the first stage of the experimental study, brick wall specimens were produced. One of these samples were left in the simple case, the other was applied dry mix shotcrete 5 cm in thickness on steel mesh. Simple and reinforced brick walls were made loading as out of plane and cyclically. When the experimental results were evaluated, the energy absorption capacity and load-bearing capacity of brick wall reinforced with shotcrete is seen to increase significantly.
The aim of the study is to achieve a statistical analysis of linear regression models of specific industrial processes data. The work strategy involves the regression analysis which is the most widely used statistical tools to understand which among the independent variables are related to the dependent variable, and to explore the forms of these relationships. This application focused on the fitting and checking of linear regression models, using small and large data sets, with pocket calculators or computers. The performance of regression analysis methods in practice depends on the form of the data generating process , and how it relates to the regression approach being used. It was used some statistical criteria as: Cochran criteria; Student criteria and Fischer criteria. After solving statistical analysis of the linear regression models, in the end there was obtained an applied statistical analysis of the linear regression model through the use of the classical method with a pocket computer. The same data were calculated with C++ software. By using this software we obtained more accurate results and the application time was reduced by several hours to 2-3 minutes.
The majority of the electricity power used in industry is consumed by electrical machines. This situation shows the importance of the optimization approaches. This paper presents a literature review about the optimization methods for electric machinery. Evolution algorithms have been used for a long time in the design optimization of electrical machines. In this paper, it is aimed to review the current methods and applications, taking into the up-to-date papers
This article describes the chemical composition, antibiofilm, antimutagenic and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Micromeria fruticosa ssp. brachycalyx. GC/MS identified a total of 18 compounds, with pulegone (51.74%), L-menthone (14.78%) and piperitenone (11.67%) as the major components. The essential oil was found to exhibit an inhibitory effect on S. mutans biofilm formation according to both SEM and crystal-violet staining data. In addition to demonstrating antimutagenic activity, the essential oil exhibited no mutagenic activity. Inhibition rates against sodium azide on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and against 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 ranged from 25%-44% and 30%-31%, respectively. Total phenol, DPPH, and β-carotene-linoleic acid contents were 253.3±3.8 µg/mg, 28.73±0.49 mg/ml and 0.79±0.021 mg/ml, respectively. These findings indicate that the essential oil of M. fruticosa ssp. brachycalyx may be considered to be a safe and effective agent for use in the development of new, commercially viable oral- and dental-care products.
In this study, the highest antioxidant Rose hip marmalade was added before fermentation in different concentration (5%, 10% and 15%) to yogurt (set Rose hip marmalade yogurt). The antioxidant activity and the phenolic compounds content of Rose hip marmalade yogurt determined and comparing with plain yogurt during 21 days of cold storage. The Rose hip marmalade enhanced the radical scavenging activity of yogurt. where the significant decreases of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds content occurred during cold storage period, Rose hip marmalade yogurt remained more rich in antioxidant and phenolic compounds comparing with plain yogurt.
In this study, statistical inference is discussed for Weibull distribution based on competing risks data under progressive Type-I group censoring. The maximum likelihood procedure is used to get point estimates and asymptotic confidence intervals for unknown parameters. Some simulations results are presented. A numerical example is also provided.
Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a multivariate method that incorporates ideas from regression, path analysis and factor analysis. SEM has been widely applied in examine inter-relationships among latent and observed variables in social, psychological, and medical research. Generally linear relationships between observed and latent variables are modeled in SEM. Also, modeling of nonlinear relationship in SEM have attracted great attention in the literature. A Bayesian approach to SEM may enable models that reflect hypotheses based on complex theory. The Bayesian approach analyses a general structural equation model that accommodates the general nonlinear terms of latent variables and covariates. In this study, we apply Bayesian SEM for Self-Esteem Scale.
Entropy is a measure of uncertainty of a statistical experiment or the measure of information provided by experimentation. Several measures of entropy are used in uncertainty considerations for nominal, ordinal (as well as metric) data and specifically in qualitative variation calculations. Besides, relative entropy concepts (e.g. mutual information, etc.) are used in goodness of fit tests or in checking the adequacy of any statistical model in general. In particular, relative entropy measures are used in correlation or association estimations. In this study, based on a specific definition of mutual information, we use some different relative entropy measures. Then we compare these measures under three different situations by some applications.
We live in the era of exploding diversity of goods and services, we are everyday under the bombardment of advertising messages for products and services, today human is bombarded heavily with life advertising. The company aims to attract new customers, and move the ladder of loyalty and ultimately convert them to loyal customers. In this paper propagandistic gifts role of banks customers loyalty is considered. The research is underlying all Mellatbank customers in Gonabad township that the total numbers of them are about 32 persons. Due to the characteristics of the study population was selected without replacement simple random sampling; each customer was considered a sample unit. To determine the sample size required to estimate the sample size of the table workers was used. The best way to collect information, a questionnaire was diagnosed. In this study, to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the gifts and customer loyalty and customer satisfaction has been created.
ELearning is coming from applying information technology (IT) in learning. ELearning can be widely presented in an efficient and cheap price method. An ELearning framework based on open standards with little initial capital can provide knowledge-based economy by means of public learning. Still, e-learning framework consumes lots of money for building infrastructures and applications. Cloud computing is implemented to unified the use of shared memory space in order to reduce the costs of e-learning pioneers. It’s obvious that cloud computing can help educational institutes to reduce their structure cost, software cost and human resources remarkably. This paper is focused on the current architecture model of e-learning and its practical trends. Consequently, by analyzing the concept of cloud computing and its advantages in e-learning, a model is presented to lower the e-learning cost and furthermore publicize it.
This study deals with the unit root hypothesis related to the real GDP (Gross Domestic Product) for 35 advanced economies, for the period of 1960 -2011. As it is known in the literature, when unit root analysis, which plays a significant role in specifying the macroeconomic time series’ resistance to policy alternatives, is made without considering the panel structure (and the findings of the existence of unit root have been achieved in many of such single stationarity studies), available data set diminishes the power and reliability of the test. Therefore it is necessary to search the existence of unit root with the panel-based method. The Im, Pesaran and Shin (1997, 2003 (revised version) panel unit root test, which allows the application of unit root analysis for heterogeneous panel, was implemented upon the advanced countries for the period in question, and the null hypothesis that panel members included unit root could not be refuted.
Lactobacillus species are more effective on the maturation of pickles. In this study, acid and H 2 O 2 rates which were made by 22 strains of Lactobacillus plantarum izolated from tradional pickles were 0.48-0.87% and 0.77-2.68 µg mL -1 . General inhibition activities of strains and inhibition activities of bacteriocin and/or materials such like bacteriocin were determined by agar diffusion method, against test microorganisms. The plasmid profiles of Lactobacillus plantarum were determined. It was observed that Lactobacillus plantarum strains were produced bacteriocin or inhibitor material such like bacteriocin and these materials affected to some test microorganisms. Additionally it was determined that L. plantarum strains produced various metabolic products at different rates and they showed inhibitory affect at different rates against test microorganisms.
Given increasing trend of computer networks containing highly crucial information, protecting against attacks and intrusion is of great importance. The present paper aims to design a network intrusion detection system (NIDS). Therefore, various methods adopted one of which is data mining. Data mining process performs in different ways. One way is ant colony optimization algorithm (Ant-Miner). Network intrusion detection system accommodates normal behavior patterns and detects intrusion based on the amount of deviation from normal behavior. The system relies on finding anomalies in network users’ behaviors involving two phases of learning and intrusion detection. The proposed system is based on data KDD99 extracted from University of California database and the test results revealed good performance in comparison to C5, CVM, and Cup Winner methods
The aim of this paper is to examine symmetric and asymmetric relationship among sector indexes of industrial production index and gross domestic product (GDP) in Turkey using Engle-Granger cointegration and Enders and Siklos (2001) threshold autoregressive (TAR) and momentum-TAR (M-TAR) models. The production indexes are total industry, energy and manufacturing. It is mainly found that, contrary to Engle-Granger test results, there are short-run and long-run positive correlations among the series considered except energy index. The energy index should be treated separately since its long-run behavior presented no cointegration indicating that its long-run pattern differs from other production indexes and GDP of Turkey.
